MAN 3240 FSU Midterm Questions and
Already Solved Solutions.
Hawthorn studies - Answer Marked the beginning of the human relations movement.
Theory X - Answer "- Outdated pessimistic and negative assumptions
- Typical of how managers traditionally perceived employees
- Most people dislike work; they avoid it when they can
- Must be punished or threatened in order to be productive. People require close direction
when they are working
- Most people actually prefer to be directed. They tend to avoid responsibility and exhibit little
ambition. They are interested only in security.
- From the employees' perspective, is the major barrier to productivity improvement and
employee well being."
Theory Y - Answer "- Modern and positive set of assumptions about people at work
- Work is a natural activity, like play or rest
- People are capable of self-direction and self-control if they are committed to objectives.
- People generally become committed to organizational objectives if they are rewarded for
doing so.
- The typical employee can learn to accept and seek responsibility.
- The typical member of the general population has imagination, ingenuity, and creativity."
Contingency approach to management - Answer "•Calls for using management concepts and
techniques in a situationally appropriate manner, instead of trying to rely on "one best way."
•Encourages managers to view organizational behavior within a situational context."
social capital - Answer "•The productive potential resulting from strong relationships,
goodwill, trust and cooperative effort.
•Types of Social Capital:
- Internal (inside organization)
Mentoring relationship to provide guidance and opportunities
Membership in company softball team to build relationships of your work area
- External (outside organization)
Conference attendance to meet people at other companies and learn of other job
opportunities
Join local, industry-specific organizations to identify new customers (business development)"
, organizational culture - Answer "The set of shared taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that
a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various
environments."
Layers of organizational culture - Answer "1. Observable artifacts - physical manifestations
2. Espoused values - explicitly stated values and norms that are preferred by an organization.
3. Basic assumptions - unobservable and represent the core of organizational culture - they
constitute organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they
become assumptions that guide organizational behavior. They are highly resistant to change."
Functions of organizational culture - Answer "1. Give members an organizational identity.
2. Facilitate collective commitment.
3. Promote social system stability - reflects the extent to which the work environment is
perceived as positive and reinforcing, and the extent to which conflict and change are effectively
managed.
4. Shape behaviors by helping members make sense of their surroundings. Helps employees
understand why the organization does what it does and how it intends to accomplish its long-
term goals."
organizational culture types - Answer Clan
Adhocracy
Market
Hierarchy
Clan Culture - Answer "has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and
control; employee focused.
- Thrust: Collaboration
- Means: Cohesion, participation, communication, empowerment
- Ends: Morale, people development, commitment"
"Employees are more satisfied and committed to organizations with this type of culture."
Adhocracy Culture - Answer "has an external focus and values flexibility; encourage employees
to take risks, think outside the box, and experiment with new ways of getting things done.
- Well suited for start up companies, those in industries undergoing constant change, and those
in mature industries that are in need of innovation to enhance growth.
- Thrust: Create
Already Solved Solutions.
Hawthorn studies - Answer Marked the beginning of the human relations movement.
Theory X - Answer "- Outdated pessimistic and negative assumptions
- Typical of how managers traditionally perceived employees
- Most people dislike work; they avoid it when they can
- Must be punished or threatened in order to be productive. People require close direction
when they are working
- Most people actually prefer to be directed. They tend to avoid responsibility and exhibit little
ambition. They are interested only in security.
- From the employees' perspective, is the major barrier to productivity improvement and
employee well being."
Theory Y - Answer "- Modern and positive set of assumptions about people at work
- Work is a natural activity, like play or rest
- People are capable of self-direction and self-control if they are committed to objectives.
- People generally become committed to organizational objectives if they are rewarded for
doing so.
- The typical employee can learn to accept and seek responsibility.
- The typical member of the general population has imagination, ingenuity, and creativity."
Contingency approach to management - Answer "•Calls for using management concepts and
techniques in a situationally appropriate manner, instead of trying to rely on "one best way."
•Encourages managers to view organizational behavior within a situational context."
social capital - Answer "•The productive potential resulting from strong relationships,
goodwill, trust and cooperative effort.
•Types of Social Capital:
- Internal (inside organization)
Mentoring relationship to provide guidance and opportunities
Membership in company softball team to build relationships of your work area
- External (outside organization)
Conference attendance to meet people at other companies and learn of other job
opportunities
Join local, industry-specific organizations to identify new customers (business development)"
, organizational culture - Answer "The set of shared taken-for-granted implicit assumptions that
a group holds and that determines how it perceives, thinks about, and reacts to its various
environments."
Layers of organizational culture - Answer "1. Observable artifacts - physical manifestations
2. Espoused values - explicitly stated values and norms that are preferred by an organization.
3. Basic assumptions - unobservable and represent the core of organizational culture - they
constitute organizational values that have become so taken for granted over time that they
become assumptions that guide organizational behavior. They are highly resistant to change."
Functions of organizational culture - Answer "1. Give members an organizational identity.
2. Facilitate collective commitment.
3. Promote social system stability - reflects the extent to which the work environment is
perceived as positive and reinforcing, and the extent to which conflict and change are effectively
managed.
4. Shape behaviors by helping members make sense of their surroundings. Helps employees
understand why the organization does what it does and how it intends to accomplish its long-
term goals."
organizational culture types - Answer Clan
Adhocracy
Market
Hierarchy
Clan Culture - Answer "has an internal focus and values flexibility rather than stability and
control; employee focused.
- Thrust: Collaboration
- Means: Cohesion, participation, communication, empowerment
- Ends: Morale, people development, commitment"
"Employees are more satisfied and committed to organizations with this type of culture."
Adhocracy Culture - Answer "has an external focus and values flexibility; encourage employees
to take risks, think outside the box, and experiment with new ways of getting things done.
- Well suited for start up companies, those in industries undergoing constant change, and those
in mature industries that are in need of innovation to enhance growth.
- Thrust: Create
