CPH Exam - All Sample Questions NEWEST EXAM
2026-2027 COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A case-control study comparing ovarian cancer cases with community controls found an odds
ratio of 2.0 in relation to exposure to radiation. Which is the correct interpretation of the measure
of association?
(A) Women exposed to radiation had 2.0 times the risk of ovarian cancer when compared to
women not exposed to radiation
(B) Women exposed to radiation had 2.0 times the risk of ovarian cancer when compared to
women without ovarian cancer
(C) Ovarian cancer cases had 2.0 times the odds of exposure to radiation when compared to
controls
(D) Ovarian cancer cases had 2.0 times the odds of exposure to radiation when compared to
women with other cancers - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A community has high rates of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). The
community council decides to legalize needle exchange programs in an effort to provide clean
syringes to prevent the sharing of contaminated needles in drug-using networks. This type of
program is an example of:
(A) Harm reductions
(B) Policy advocacy
(C) Community organization
(D) Behavior change - CORRECT ANSWER: A
A health policy that is implemented within a representative democracy with separation of powers
at all governmental levels and that is characterized by the presence of well-funded interest
groups:
(A) Will reflect the preferences of the majority of citizens
(B) Must be based on the best scientific evidence available
,(C) Will represent a compromise among multiple and competing interests
(D) Is doomed to failure - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A pediatric patient complaining of an inner ear infection was diagnosed by an overworked
emergency room resident who then prescribed an asthma medication. This is an example of:
(A) Poor interpersonal quality
(B) Poor technical quality
(C) Inequitable access
(D) Inefficient access - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A person's blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg. Would he or she be classified as:
(A) Optimal
(B) Normal
(C) Having high normal blood pressure
(D) Having hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER: D
A population of rural women experiences a high rate of mortality related to breast cancer.
Researchers at a local university implement a breast cancer screening intervention. This
intervention is an example of:
(A) Tertiary prevention
(B) Advocacy
(C) Secondary prevention
(D) Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A positive (or reinforcing) feedback loop is:
(A) A relationship in which the change in one factor leads to the increase (positive change) in
another factor
(B) A closed circular sequence of cause and effect relationships in which the original element is
made to grow ever faster
,(C) A closed circular sequence relationships in which, once some original element is made to
change (increase or decrease), subsequent cause and effect relationships cause the original
element to move ever-faster in the direction of its original change
(D) A closed circular sequence of relationships in which the change of any element is restricted
to reinforce the system's stability - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A prevalence study of depression drew a sample of the residents of Houston by visiting all
residents in randomly selected census tracts. A screening test with a sensitivity of 99% and a
specificity of 50% was used to identify individuals as "likely depressed." The study reported a
prevalence of 28%. This prevalence is:
(A) A true representation of depression in this population
(B) Higher than expected because of the specificity of the screening test
(C) Lower than expected because of the specificity of the screening test
(D) Higher than expected because of the sensitivity of the test
(E) Lower than expected because of the sensitivity of the test - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A primary technique for preventing food-borne disease in cafeteria-type food service
establishments is:
(A) Encouraging customers to wash their hands before eating
(B) Maintaining warm foods at a sufficiently high holding temperature
(C) Weekly application of pesticides to control cockroaches
(D) Annual physical examinations of food service workers - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A remote population of Pacific Islanders has lived without influence from the outside world for
several centuries. The islanders were introduced to cigarettes as the influence of Western culture
impacted their island about 25 years ago. The incidence of lung cancer is now high in the
islanders who started to smoke 20 or more years ago. The observation of high levels of lung
cancer after years of smoking is:
(A) Unusual for Pacific Islanders who smoke
(B) Typical for any population of smokers
(C) Inconsistent with the standard model of tumor initiation, promotion, and progression
, (D) Insufficiently explained by the information above - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A researcher is interested in identifying potential risk factors for a rare form of bone cancer in
children. Which of the following study designs would be best suited to investigate the risk
factors for this type of cancer?
(A) Prevalence-survey
(B) Case-control
(C) Cohort
(D) Descriptive
(E) Experimental - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A screening test is used in the same way in two similar populations, but the proportion of false-
positive results among those who test positive in population B is higher than that among those
who test positive in population A. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
(A) The specificity of the test is higher in population A
(B) The specificity of the test is lower in population A
(C) The prevalence of disease is higher in population A
(D) The prevalence of disease is lower in population A - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A short narrative or statement that describes the general focus and purpose of a program is
called:
(A) A mission statement
(B) A long-term program goal
(C) A long-range program plan
(D) A program objective - CORRECT ANSWER: A
According to a Stock and Flow diagram, expanded intervention focused on "Tertiary prevention"
is likely to have the following unintended consequence:
(A) "Afflicted with Complications" will increase
2026-2027 COMPLETE 400 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) ALREADY GRADED
A case-control study comparing ovarian cancer cases with community controls found an odds
ratio of 2.0 in relation to exposure to radiation. Which is the correct interpretation of the measure
of association?
(A) Women exposed to radiation had 2.0 times the risk of ovarian cancer when compared to
women not exposed to radiation
(B) Women exposed to radiation had 2.0 times the risk of ovarian cancer when compared to
women without ovarian cancer
(C) Ovarian cancer cases had 2.0 times the odds of exposure to radiation when compared to
controls
(D) Ovarian cancer cases had 2.0 times the odds of exposure to radiation when compared to
women with other cancers - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A community has high rates of HIV infection among injection drug users (IDUs). The
community council decides to legalize needle exchange programs in an effort to provide clean
syringes to prevent the sharing of contaminated needles in drug-using networks. This type of
program is an example of:
(A) Harm reductions
(B) Policy advocacy
(C) Community organization
(D) Behavior change - CORRECT ANSWER: A
A health policy that is implemented within a representative democracy with separation of powers
at all governmental levels and that is characterized by the presence of well-funded interest
groups:
(A) Will reflect the preferences of the majority of citizens
(B) Must be based on the best scientific evidence available
,(C) Will represent a compromise among multiple and competing interests
(D) Is doomed to failure - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A pediatric patient complaining of an inner ear infection was diagnosed by an overworked
emergency room resident who then prescribed an asthma medication. This is an example of:
(A) Poor interpersonal quality
(B) Poor technical quality
(C) Inequitable access
(D) Inefficient access - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A person's blood pressure is 140/90 mm Hg. Would he or she be classified as:
(A) Optimal
(B) Normal
(C) Having high normal blood pressure
(D) Having hypertension - CORRECT ANSWER: D
A population of rural women experiences a high rate of mortality related to breast cancer.
Researchers at a local university implement a breast cancer screening intervention. This
intervention is an example of:
(A) Tertiary prevention
(B) Advocacy
(C) Secondary prevention
(D) Primary prevention - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A positive (or reinforcing) feedback loop is:
(A) A relationship in which the change in one factor leads to the increase (positive change) in
another factor
(B) A closed circular sequence of cause and effect relationships in which the original element is
made to grow ever faster
,(C) A closed circular sequence relationships in which, once some original element is made to
change (increase or decrease), subsequent cause and effect relationships cause the original
element to move ever-faster in the direction of its original change
(D) A closed circular sequence of relationships in which the change of any element is restricted
to reinforce the system's stability - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A prevalence study of depression drew a sample of the residents of Houston by visiting all
residents in randomly selected census tracts. A screening test with a sensitivity of 99% and a
specificity of 50% was used to identify individuals as "likely depressed." The study reported a
prevalence of 28%. This prevalence is:
(A) A true representation of depression in this population
(B) Higher than expected because of the specificity of the screening test
(C) Lower than expected because of the specificity of the screening test
(D) Higher than expected because of the sensitivity of the test
(E) Lower than expected because of the sensitivity of the test - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A primary technique for preventing food-borne disease in cafeteria-type food service
establishments is:
(A) Encouraging customers to wash their hands before eating
(B) Maintaining warm foods at a sufficiently high holding temperature
(C) Weekly application of pesticides to control cockroaches
(D) Annual physical examinations of food service workers - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A remote population of Pacific Islanders has lived without influence from the outside world for
several centuries. The islanders were introduced to cigarettes as the influence of Western culture
impacted their island about 25 years ago. The incidence of lung cancer is now high in the
islanders who started to smoke 20 or more years ago. The observation of high levels of lung
cancer after years of smoking is:
(A) Unusual for Pacific Islanders who smoke
(B) Typical for any population of smokers
(C) Inconsistent with the standard model of tumor initiation, promotion, and progression
, (D) Insufficiently explained by the information above - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A researcher is interested in identifying potential risk factors for a rare form of bone cancer in
children. Which of the following study designs would be best suited to investigate the risk
factors for this type of cancer?
(A) Prevalence-survey
(B) Case-control
(C) Cohort
(D) Descriptive
(E) Experimental - CORRECT ANSWER: B
A screening test is used in the same way in two similar populations, but the proportion of false-
positive results among those who test positive in population B is higher than that among those
who test positive in population A. What is the most likely explanation for this finding?
(A) The specificity of the test is higher in population A
(B) The specificity of the test is lower in population A
(C) The prevalence of disease is higher in population A
(D) The prevalence of disease is lower in population A - CORRECT ANSWER: C
A short narrative or statement that describes the general focus and purpose of a program is
called:
(A) A mission statement
(B) A long-term program goal
(C) A long-range program plan
(D) A program objective - CORRECT ANSWER: A
According to a Stock and Flow diagram, expanded intervention focused on "Tertiary prevention"
is likely to have the following unintended consequence:
(A) "Afflicted with Complications" will increase
