,NUR 4251 Exam 4 – Dimensions of Public Health –
Q&A (2026) | William Paterson
1. Which statement best defines cultural competence in nursing?
A) The ability to speak multiple languages fluently
B) A combination of culturally congruent behaviors, practice attitudes, and
policies that allow nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural situations
C) The process of assimilating clients into the dominant culture
D) Providing identical care to all clients regardless of cultural background
Correct Answer: B) A combination of culturally congruent behaviors, practice
attitudes, and policies that allow nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural
situations
Rationale: Cultural competence is a combination of behaviors, attitudes, and
policies that enable effective work in cross-cultural situations. It goes beyond
language and involves respectful, individualized care. Assimilation and identical
care ignore cultural differences and are not culturally competent.
2. According to Healthy People 2030, which of the following is NOT one of the
five areas of social determinants of health?
A) Economic instability
B) Education
C) Genetic predisposition
D) Neighborhood and built environment
Correct Answer: C) Genetic predisposition
,Rationale: Healthy People 2030 identifies five social determinant areas:
economic stability, education, social and community context, health and health
care, and neighborhood and built environment. Genetic predisposition is a
biologic factor, not a social determinant. Social determinants are shaped by
resources and conditions.
3. A nurse is providing care to a client from a different cultural background.
What is the first step in providing culturally competent care?
A) Apply the nurse's own cultural beliefs to the plan
B) Conduct a cultural assessment to understand the client's beliefs and
preferences
C) Preserve all of the client's cultural practices without question
D) Re-pattern all practices to align with Western medicine
Correct Answer: B) Conduct a cultural assessment to understand the client's
beliefs and preferences
Rationale: The first step is a cultural assessment to understand the client's
beliefs, preferences, language, family, and resources. Applying one's own
beliefs, preserving all practices, or forcing Western alignment are not
appropriate. Assessment guides individualized, respectful care.
4. Which concept is defined as acknowledging that everyone's views are
culturally influenced and that our own cultural values and biases must be
recognized?
A) Cultural humility
B) Cultural imposition
, C) Cultural blindness
D) Ethnocentrism
Correct Answer: A) Cultural humility
Rationale: Cultural humility involves recognizing that all perspectives are
culturally influenced and requires self-reflection on personal biases. Cultural
imposition forces beliefs on others, cultural blindness ignores differences, and
ethnocentrism views one's own culture as superior.
5. Cultural humility includes a critical analysis of which factor affecting health
disparities?
A) Genetic variation only
B) Individual motivation only
C) Power relations
D) Geographic climate only
Correct Answer: C) Power relations
Rationale: Cultural humility includes critical analysis of power relations that
affect health disparities. This recognizes social and structural inequities rather
than only individual factors. It supports advocacy and equitable care. Genetic,
motivational, and climate factors are less central.
6. Which factor is an example of economic instability within social determinants
of health?
A) Food insecurity
Q&A (2026) | William Paterson
1. Which statement best defines cultural competence in nursing?
A) The ability to speak multiple languages fluently
B) A combination of culturally congruent behaviors, practice attitudes, and
policies that allow nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural situations
C) The process of assimilating clients into the dominant culture
D) Providing identical care to all clients regardless of cultural background
Correct Answer: B) A combination of culturally congruent behaviors, practice
attitudes, and policies that allow nurses to work effectively in cross-cultural
situations
Rationale: Cultural competence is a combination of behaviors, attitudes, and
policies that enable effective work in cross-cultural situations. It goes beyond
language and involves respectful, individualized care. Assimilation and identical
care ignore cultural differences and are not culturally competent.
2. According to Healthy People 2030, which of the following is NOT one of the
five areas of social determinants of health?
A) Economic instability
B) Education
C) Genetic predisposition
D) Neighborhood and built environment
Correct Answer: C) Genetic predisposition
,Rationale: Healthy People 2030 identifies five social determinant areas:
economic stability, education, social and community context, health and health
care, and neighborhood and built environment. Genetic predisposition is a
biologic factor, not a social determinant. Social determinants are shaped by
resources and conditions.
3. A nurse is providing care to a client from a different cultural background.
What is the first step in providing culturally competent care?
A) Apply the nurse's own cultural beliefs to the plan
B) Conduct a cultural assessment to understand the client's beliefs and
preferences
C) Preserve all of the client's cultural practices without question
D) Re-pattern all practices to align with Western medicine
Correct Answer: B) Conduct a cultural assessment to understand the client's
beliefs and preferences
Rationale: The first step is a cultural assessment to understand the client's
beliefs, preferences, language, family, and resources. Applying one's own
beliefs, preserving all practices, or forcing Western alignment are not
appropriate. Assessment guides individualized, respectful care.
4. Which concept is defined as acknowledging that everyone's views are
culturally influenced and that our own cultural values and biases must be
recognized?
A) Cultural humility
B) Cultural imposition
, C) Cultural blindness
D) Ethnocentrism
Correct Answer: A) Cultural humility
Rationale: Cultural humility involves recognizing that all perspectives are
culturally influenced and requires self-reflection on personal biases. Cultural
imposition forces beliefs on others, cultural blindness ignores differences, and
ethnocentrism views one's own culture as superior.
5. Cultural humility includes a critical analysis of which factor affecting health
disparities?
A) Genetic variation only
B) Individual motivation only
C) Power relations
D) Geographic climate only
Correct Answer: C) Power relations
Rationale: Cultural humility includes critical analysis of power relations that
affect health disparities. This recognizes social and structural inequities rather
than only individual factors. It supports advocacy and equitable care. Genetic,
motivational, and climate factors are less central.
6. Which factor is an example of economic instability within social determinants
of health?
A) Food insecurity
