Janeway Immunobiology Exam
antigens substance that can trigger an immune response
Paul Ehrlich advanced the development of an antiserum for diptheria
antiserum human or animal serum containing antibodies that are specific for one or more
antigens
immune system a system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that
protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by
producing the immune response
leukocytes white blood cells
bone marrow a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
lymphatic system the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the
blood
lymph a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, which bathes the tissues and
drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream.
pluripotent cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell
types
hematopoietic stem cells cells of the bone marrow that give rise to cells of more limited development
lymphoid any of the cells responsible for the production of immunity mediated by cells
or antibodies and including lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, and plasma cells
myeloid blood cells that arise from a progenitor cell for granulocytes, monocytes,
erythrocytes, or platelets
lymphocytes a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus,
occurring especially in the lymphatic system
four categories of disease-causing microorganisms or viruses, bacteria and archaea, fungi, parasites
pathogens
microbiome consists of archaea, bacteria, and fungi, but causes no damage to the host
3 strategies to deal with threat posed by microbes avoidance, resistance, and tolerance
effector mechanisms numerous cellular and molecular functions to resist different categories of
pathogens
, Janeway Immunobiology Exam
avoidance prevent exposures (anatomic barriers and behavior modifications)
resistance reduce or eliminate pathogens
tolerance enhances a tissue's capacity to resist damage induced by microbes
immunologic tolerance mechanisms that prevent an immune response from being mounted against the
host's own tissues
antimicrobial proteins proteins that inhibit microbial reproduction and provide short-term, nonspecific
resistance to pathogenic bacteria and viruses
complement acts with antibodies to lyse bacteria - group of ~30 plasma proteins that can act
in absence of antibodies as well
sensor cells macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells
inflammatory inducers chemical structures that indicate the presence of invading microbes or cellular
damage, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, extracellular ATP, or urate
crystals
innate recognition receptors general term for a large group of proteins that recognize many different
inflammatory inducers and that are encoded in the germline and do not need
gene rearrangement in somatic cells to be expressed
antigen receptor The general term for a surface protein, located on B cells and T cells, that binds
to antigens, initiating adaptive immune responses. The antigen receptors on B
cells are called B cell receptors, and the antigen receptors on T cells are called
T cell receptors.
Common Myeloid Progenitor (CMP) Stem cells that can give rise to the myeloid cells of the immune system—
macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, and dendritic cells of the innate
immune system. This stem cell also gives rise to megakaryocytes and red blood
cells.
3 types of phagocytes of innate immune system macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells
antigens substance that can trigger an immune response
Paul Ehrlich advanced the development of an antiserum for diptheria
antiserum human or animal serum containing antibodies that are specific for one or more
antigens
immune system a system (including the thymus and bone marrow and lymphoid tissues) that
protects the body from foreign substances and pathogenic organisms by
producing the immune response
leukocytes white blood cells
bone marrow a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells
lymphatic system the network of vessels through which lymph drains from the tissues into the
blood
lymph a colorless fluid containing white blood cells, which bathes the tissues and
drains through the lymphatic system into the bloodstream.
pluripotent cells that are capable of developing into most, but not all, of the body's cell
types
hematopoietic stem cells cells of the bone marrow that give rise to cells of more limited development
lymphoid any of the cells responsible for the production of immunity mediated by cells
or antibodies and including lymphocytes, lymphoblasts, and plasma cells
myeloid blood cells that arise from a progenitor cell for granulocytes, monocytes,
erythrocytes, or platelets
lymphocytes a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus,
occurring especially in the lymphatic system
four categories of disease-causing microorganisms or viruses, bacteria and archaea, fungi, parasites
pathogens
microbiome consists of archaea, bacteria, and fungi, but causes no damage to the host
3 strategies to deal with threat posed by microbes avoidance, resistance, and tolerance
effector mechanisms numerous cellular and molecular functions to resist different categories of
pathogens
, Janeway Immunobiology Exam
avoidance prevent exposures (anatomic barriers and behavior modifications)
resistance reduce or eliminate pathogens
tolerance enhances a tissue's capacity to resist damage induced by microbes
immunologic tolerance mechanisms that prevent an immune response from being mounted against the
host's own tissues
antimicrobial proteins proteins that inhibit microbial reproduction and provide short-term, nonspecific
resistance to pathogenic bacteria and viruses
complement acts with antibodies to lyse bacteria - group of ~30 plasma proteins that can act
in absence of antibodies as well
sensor cells macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells
inflammatory inducers chemical structures that indicate the presence of invading microbes or cellular
damage, such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides, extracellular ATP, or urate
crystals
innate recognition receptors general term for a large group of proteins that recognize many different
inflammatory inducers and that are encoded in the germline and do not need
gene rearrangement in somatic cells to be expressed
antigen receptor The general term for a surface protein, located on B cells and T cells, that binds
to antigens, initiating adaptive immune responses. The antigen receptors on B
cells are called B cell receptors, and the antigen receptors on T cells are called
T cell receptors.
Common Myeloid Progenitor (CMP) Stem cells that can give rise to the myeloid cells of the immune system—
macrophages, granulocytes, mast cells, and dendritic cells of the innate
immune system. This stem cell also gives rise to megakaryocytes and red blood
cells.
3 types of phagocytes of innate immune system macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells
