NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
1.
2. Immediate extrauterine newborn transition —immediate transition
from intrauterine to ex-
trauterine life
3. Immediate extrauterine newborn transition depends —respiration,
on changes in four major areas: —circulation,
—thermoregulation, and
—glucose regulation
4. Biochemical Factors in initiation of respiration —relative hypoxia at the
end of labor
5. Physical stimuli Factors in initiation of respiration —cold, gravity, pain,
light, noise
6. Physiologic Factor in initiation of respiration Recoil from pressure
on thorax while passing
through vagina
7. Sustained respiration depends on coordinated re- a. Central nervous system
sponse of the (CNS) respiratory center
following b. Aortic and carotid
chemoreceptors
c. Thoracic mechanore-
ceptors
d. Diaphragm and respi-
ratory muscles
8. Initial breathing serves the following purposes a. Assist in conversion
from fetal to extrauterine
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
circulation
b. Clear lungs of fluid
c. Establish lung volume
and expand alveoli
9. Characteristics of normal newborn respiration a. Respiratory rate 30 to 60
breaths per minute
b. Irregular/fluctuating
pattern
c. Diaphragmatic and ab-
dominal breathing
d. Obligate nose breath-
ing
e. Absence of nasal flaring,
grunting, and retractions
10. Circulatory changes Transition from fetal to
adult circulation begins
with clamping of the um-
bilical cord and continues
throughout the first weeks
of life
11. Characteristics of fetal circulation a. Low-pressure sys-
tem, including placenta
(low-resistance circuit)
b. Minimal circulation to
lungs; bypassed via fora-
men ovale and ductus ar-
teriosus
c. Foramen ovale favors
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
circulation of most oxy-
gen-rich blood to the
brain
12. Transition from fetal to neonatal circulation a. Increased systemic re-
sistance due to loss of pla-
cental circuit
b. Increased pressure in
left atrium causes func-
tional closure of foramen
ovale
c. Initial respiration opens
pulmonary vasculature,
favoring circulation to
lungs
d. Increased oxygenation
of circulating blood caus-
es constriction and func-
tional closure of ductus ar-
teriosus
e. Absence of placental
circulation closes ductus
venosus
13. Thermoregulation *Mechanisms of neonatal heat a. Convection
loss* b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Evaporation
14. Thermoregulation *Neonate creates heat in three a. Shivering (inefficient)
ways:* b. Muscle activity (limited
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
benefit)
c. Thermogenesis by me-
tabolism of brown adi-
pose tissue (BAT)
15. High risks infants with ineffective Thermogenesis (1) BAT stores are de-
creased in *preterm and
growth-restricted fetus-
es*
(2) *Hypoglycemia* de-
creases efficiency of BAT
metabolism
16. Thermoregulation *Consequences of cold stress* a. Increased oxygen con-
sumption, leading to rela-
tive hypoxia and acidosis
b. Metabolism of BAT and
release of fatty acids de-
creases pH
c. Increased use of glu-
cose, depletion of glyco-
gen stores, and hypo-
glycemia
d. Worsening hypo-
glycemia and acidosis may
result in respiratory dis-
tress
17. Thermoregulation *Management/Interventions to a. Skin-to-skin contact on
promote* mother's chest or ab-
domen with blanket over
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
1.
2. Immediate extrauterine newborn transition —immediate transition
from intrauterine to ex-
trauterine life
3. Immediate extrauterine newborn transition depends —respiration,
on changes in four major areas: —circulation,
—thermoregulation, and
—glucose regulation
4. Biochemical Factors in initiation of respiration —relative hypoxia at the
end of labor
5. Physical stimuli Factors in initiation of respiration —cold, gravity, pain,
light, noise
6. Physiologic Factor in initiation of respiration Recoil from pressure
on thorax while passing
through vagina
7. Sustained respiration depends on coordinated re- a. Central nervous system
sponse of the (CNS) respiratory center
following b. Aortic and carotid
chemoreceptors
c. Thoracic mechanore-
ceptors
d. Diaphragm and respi-
ratory muscles
8. Initial breathing serves the following purposes a. Assist in conversion
from fetal to extrauterine
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
circulation
b. Clear lungs of fluid
c. Establish lung volume
and expand alveoli
9. Characteristics of normal newborn respiration a. Respiratory rate 30 to 60
breaths per minute
b. Irregular/fluctuating
pattern
c. Diaphragmatic and ab-
dominal breathing
d. Obligate nose breath-
ing
e. Absence of nasal flaring,
grunting, and retractions
10. Circulatory changes Transition from fetal to
adult circulation begins
with clamping of the um-
bilical cord and continues
throughout the first weeks
of life
11. Characteristics of fetal circulation a. Low-pressure sys-
tem, including placenta
(low-resistance circuit)
b. Minimal circulation to
lungs; bypassed via fora-
men ovale and ductus ar-
teriosus
c. Foramen ovale favors
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
circulation of most oxy-
gen-rich blood to the
brain
12. Transition from fetal to neonatal circulation a. Increased systemic re-
sistance due to loss of pla-
cental circuit
b. Increased pressure in
left atrium causes func-
tional closure of foramen
ovale
c. Initial respiration opens
pulmonary vasculature,
favoring circulation to
lungs
d. Increased oxygenation
of circulating blood caus-
es constriction and func-
tional closure of ductus ar-
teriosus
e. Absence of placental
circulation closes ductus
venosus
13. Thermoregulation *Mechanisms of neonatal heat a. Convection
loss* b. Conduction
c. Radiation
d. Evaporation
14. Thermoregulation *Neonate creates heat in three a. Shivering (inefficient)
ways:* b. Muscle activity (limited
, NM717 Module 5 Newborn Midwifery Care of the Newborn Kelsey review
guide p. 214-220, 222-223, 226-231
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_7nf4kk
benefit)
c. Thermogenesis by me-
tabolism of brown adi-
pose tissue (BAT)
15. High risks infants with ineffective Thermogenesis (1) BAT stores are de-
creased in *preterm and
growth-restricted fetus-
es*
(2) *Hypoglycemia* de-
creases efficiency of BAT
metabolism
16. Thermoregulation *Consequences of cold stress* a. Increased oxygen con-
sumption, leading to rela-
tive hypoxia and acidosis
b. Metabolism of BAT and
release of fatty acids de-
creases pH
c. Increased use of glu-
cose, depletion of glyco-
gen stores, and hypo-
glycemia
d. Worsening hypo-
glycemia and acidosis may
result in respiratory dis-
tress
17. Thermoregulation *Management/Interventions to a. Skin-to-skin contact on
promote* mother's chest or ab-
domen with blanket over
