1
P1 Nursing Comprehensive Examination | 200
Advanced Practice Questions with Verified
Answers & Detailed Rationales | Complete
Review for Nursing Students | Fundamentals,
Medical-Surgical, Pharmacology, Maternity,
Pediatric, and Mental Health | Graded A+
EXAM OVERVIEW
The P1 Nursing Examination assesses foundational nursing knowledge across key
content areas essential for first-year nursing students and those preparing for
nursing licensure. Content covers:
• Fundamentals of Nursing - Basic care, safety, infection control,
documentation, and nursing process
• Medical-Surgical Nursing - Common acute and chronic conditions across
body systems
• Pharmacology - Medication administration, drug classifications, and side
effects
• Maternal-Newborn Nursing - Antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and
newborn care
• Pediatric Nursing - Growth and development, common childhood illnesses
• Mental Health Nursing - Therapeutic communication, psychiatric disorders
• Community Health Nursing - Health promotion, epidemiology, and disease
prevention
• Nutrition, Fluid/Electrolytes, and Perioperative Care
, 2
This comprehensive test bank of 200 multiple-choice questions is designed to
mirror the format and rigor of actual nursing examinations.
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING – BASIC CARE, SAFETY, AND
INFECTION CONTROL (Questions 1–40)
1. A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change for a client with a
surgical wound. Which action indicates proper sterile technique?
A. Opening the sterile package away from the body
B. Placing sterile items within 2 inches of the edge of the sterile field
C. Reaching over the sterile field to obtain additional supplies
D. Using sterile gloves that have been opened for 30 minutes
Valid answer:A
Rationale: Sterile packages should be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination. Sterile items should be placed at least 1 inch from the edge of the
sterile field (B). Reaching over the sterile field contaminates it (C). Sterile gloves
should be used immediately after opening (D).
2. A nurse is caring for a client who requires frequent repositioning to prevent
pressure ulcers. Which finding indicates the client is developing a stage 1
pressure ulcer?
A. Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis
B. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
C. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue
D. Blister formation over a bony prominence
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Stage 1 pressure ulcer is characterized by non-blanchable erythema of
intact skin over a bony prominence. Partial-thickness skin loss (A) is stage 2. Full-
, 3
thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue (C) is stage 3. Blister formation (D) is
stage 2.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication via the intramuscular (IM)
route. Which needle size is appropriate for an adult client of average build?
A. 18-gauge, 1-inch needle
B. 21-gauge, 1-inch needle
C. 23-gauge, 1.5-inch needle
D. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch needle
Valid answer:C
Rationale: A 23-gauge, 1.5-inch needle is appropriate for IM injections in adults to
ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue. 18-gauge (A) is too large and
painful. 1-inch needles (B) may be too short for some adults. 5/8-inch (D) is used
for subcutaneous injections.
4. A nurse is providing education to a client about fall prevention in the home.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
A. "Use scatter rugs to prevent slipping on smooth floors."
B. "Keep pathways clear of clutter and ensure adequate lighting."
C. "Wear socks without nonslip grips for comfort."
D. "Place frequently used items on high shelves."
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Keeping pathways clear and ensuring adequate lighting reduces fall
risk. Scatter rugs (A) are a tripping hazard. Nonslip socks or footwear should be
worn (C). Frequently used items should be kept within easy reach, not on high
shelves (D).
, 4
5. A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action should
the nurse take to verify tube placement before administering medications?
A. Auscultate for air insufflation over the stomach
B. Aspirate gastric contents and check pH
C. Place the client in a supine position
D. Flush the tube with 50 mL of sterile water
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Aspirating gastric contents and checking pH is the most reliable
method for verifying NG tube placement (gastric pH is typically 1–5). Auscultation
(A) is no longer recommended as the sole method. Supine positioning (C)
increases aspiration risk. Flushing before verification (D) may cause complications.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is on contact precautions. Which personal
protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse wear when entering the client's
room?
A. Gown and gloves
B. N95 respirator and gloves
C. Surgical mask and gown
D. Gloves only
Valid answer:A
Rationale: Contact precautions require a gown and gloves to prevent transmission
of organisms spread by direct contact. N95 respirators (B) are used for airborne
precautions. Surgical masks (C) are used for droplet precautions. Gloves only (D)
are insufficient.
7. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action should
the nurse take to prevent aspiration?
P1 Nursing Comprehensive Examination | 200
Advanced Practice Questions with Verified
Answers & Detailed Rationales | Complete
Review for Nursing Students | Fundamentals,
Medical-Surgical, Pharmacology, Maternity,
Pediatric, and Mental Health | Graded A+
EXAM OVERVIEW
The P1 Nursing Examination assesses foundational nursing knowledge across key
content areas essential for first-year nursing students and those preparing for
nursing licensure. Content covers:
• Fundamentals of Nursing - Basic care, safety, infection control,
documentation, and nursing process
• Medical-Surgical Nursing - Common acute and chronic conditions across
body systems
• Pharmacology - Medication administration, drug classifications, and side
effects
• Maternal-Newborn Nursing - Antepartum, intrapartum, postpartum, and
newborn care
• Pediatric Nursing - Growth and development, common childhood illnesses
• Mental Health Nursing - Therapeutic communication, psychiatric disorders
• Community Health Nursing - Health promotion, epidemiology, and disease
prevention
• Nutrition, Fluid/Electrolytes, and Perioperative Care
, 2
This comprehensive test bank of 200 multiple-choice questions is designed to
mirror the format and rigor of actual nursing examinations.
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING – BASIC CARE, SAFETY, AND
INFECTION CONTROL (Questions 1–40)
1. A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change for a client with a
surgical wound. Which action indicates proper sterile technique?
A. Opening the sterile package away from the body
B. Placing sterile items within 2 inches of the edge of the sterile field
C. Reaching over the sterile field to obtain additional supplies
D. Using sterile gloves that have been opened for 30 minutes
Valid answer:A
Rationale: Sterile packages should be opened away from the body to prevent
contamination. Sterile items should be placed at least 1 inch from the edge of the
sterile field (B). Reaching over the sterile field contaminates it (C). Sterile gloves
should be used immediately after opening (D).
2. A nurse is caring for a client who requires frequent repositioning to prevent
pressure ulcers. Which finding indicates the client is developing a stage 1
pressure ulcer?
A. Partial-thickness skin loss involving the epidermis
B. Non-blanchable erythema of intact skin
C. Full-thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue
D. Blister formation over a bony prominence
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Stage 1 pressure ulcer is characterized by non-blanchable erythema of
intact skin over a bony prominence. Partial-thickness skin loss (A) is stage 2. Full-
, 3
thickness skin loss with visible adipose tissue (C) is stage 3. Blister formation (D) is
stage 2.
3. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication via the intramuscular (IM)
route. Which needle size is appropriate for an adult client of average build?
A. 18-gauge, 1-inch needle
B. 21-gauge, 1-inch needle
C. 23-gauge, 1.5-inch needle
D. 25-gauge, 5/8-inch needle
Valid answer:C
Rationale: A 23-gauge, 1.5-inch needle is appropriate for IM injections in adults to
ensure the medication reaches the muscle tissue. 18-gauge (A) is too large and
painful. 1-inch needles (B) may be too short for some adults. 5/8-inch (D) is used
for subcutaneous injections.
4. A nurse is providing education to a client about fall prevention in the home.
Which instruction should the nurse include?
A. "Use scatter rugs to prevent slipping on smooth floors."
B. "Keep pathways clear of clutter and ensure adequate lighting."
C. "Wear socks without nonslip grips for comfort."
D. "Place frequently used items on high shelves."
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Keeping pathways clear and ensuring adequate lighting reduces fall
risk. Scatter rugs (A) are a tripping hazard. Nonslip socks or footwear should be
worn (C). Frequently used items should be kept within easy reach, not on high
shelves (D).
, 4
5. A nurse is caring for a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which action should
the nurse take to verify tube placement before administering medications?
A. Auscultate for air insufflation over the stomach
B. Aspirate gastric contents and check pH
C. Place the client in a supine position
D. Flush the tube with 50 mL of sterile water
Valid answer:B
Rationale: Aspirating gastric contents and checking pH is the most reliable
method for verifying NG tube placement (gastric pH is typically 1–5). Auscultation
(A) is no longer recommended as the sole method. Supine positioning (C)
increases aspiration risk. Flushing before verification (D) may cause complications.
6. A nurse is caring for a client who is on contact precautions. Which personal
protective equipment (PPE) should the nurse wear when entering the client's
room?
A. Gown and gloves
B. N95 respirator and gloves
C. Surgical mask and gown
D. Gloves only
Valid answer:A
Rationale: Contact precautions require a gown and gloves to prevent transmission
of organisms spread by direct contact. N95 respirators (B) are used for airborne
precautions. Surgical masks (C) are used for droplet precautions. Gloves only (D)
are insufficient.
7. A nurse is providing oral care to an unconscious client. Which action should
the nurse take to prevent aspiration?
