Kuby Immunology Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Kuby Immunology Exam Questions With
Correct Answers

Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a state of protection from infectious
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disease


Variolation - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-dried crusts derived from smallpox
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pustules were either inhaled or inserted into small cuts in the skin
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Edward Jenner - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-made smallpox vaccine from
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cowpox


Louis Pasteur - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-grew bacterium that caused fowl
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cholera


Herd Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the decrease in likelihood that
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a person will become infected with a pathogen if the majority of the
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population is vaccinated and immune
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Phagocytes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-certain white bloods cells that
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ingest microorganisms and other foreign material
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,Cell Mediated Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-When Metchinikoff
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noticed that these cells were more active in animals that were
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immunized, therefore thought cells rather than serum were major
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effectors of immunity | |




Antibodies - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the soluble active molecules in the
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immunoglobulin fraction of serum | | |




Humoral Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the immunologic events
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that the antibodies (produced by B cells) participated in
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Antiserum - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the antibody-containing serum
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fraction from a pathogen-exposed individual
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Passive Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the transferring of
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immunoglobulins to treat a disease that the individual did not make on | | | | | | | | | | | |



his or her own. short lived and limited.
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Active Immunity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the administration of a
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vaccine to induce one's own immunity.
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long lived protection comes from memory cells that provides protection
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|for years.
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,Lymphocyte - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-a type of white blood cell that is
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responsible for both cellular and humoral immunity.
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Antigen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-any substance that elicits a specific
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response by B or T lymphocytes.
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Clonal Selection Theory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-an individual B or T
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lymphocyte expresses many copies of membrane receptor that is
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specific for a single, distinct antigen.
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Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-detect changes that
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occur within the host cell by binding to the viral proteins present in the
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cytosol and initiate an early warning system to alert the cell about the
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invader.


T Helper Cells - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Guide the behavior of other
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immune cells and are pivotal for selecting the pathway taken by the
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immune response |




Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) - CORRECT | | | | | |



ANSWER✔✔-Common foreign structures that characterize whole | | | | | |



groups of pathogens and what the immune system frequently
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recognizes first. |

, Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Proteins
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encoded in the genomic DNA and are always expressed by many
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different immune cells. First line of defense for the quick detection of
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many of the typical chemical identifiers carried by the most common
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invaders and bind to PAMPs. | | | |




Generation of Diversity - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-To favor randomness in
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the design of some recognition molecules.
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B-Cell Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Recognition molecules that
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are in B cells and are antibodies in their secreted form.
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T-Cell Receptors - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Recognition molecules that
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are in T cells and have no soluble form.
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Tolerance - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Immune system's diversity strategy
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to avoid accidentally recognizing and destroying host tissue that relies
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on self/non-self discrimination.
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Danger Model - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Theory by Polly Matzinger that
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states the immune system constantly evaluates each new encounter
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more for its potential to be dangerous versus safe to the host than for
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whether it is self versus non-self. | | | | |