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,INTRODUCTION
The GIA Colored Stone Final Examination is the culminating assessment for the Graduate
Colored Stones program. The exam covers mineralogy, crystal systems, gem formation, optical
properties, gem identification, treatments, synthesis, and industry standards.
Exam Format: The Colored Stone Essentials and Colored Stones courses have open book exams
and do not require a
proctor for the online final exam . The exam consists of multiple-choice questions
covering the full curriculum.
SECTION 1: MINERALOGY, CRYSTAL SYSTEMS & GEM
FORMATION (Questions 1-25)
Question 1: A natural, inorganic substance with a characteristic chemical composition and
usually characteristic crystal structure is a:
A) Rock
B) Mineral
,C) Gem
D) Aggregate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A mineral is defined as a natural, inorganic substance with a characteristic
chemical composition and usually a characteristic crystal structure. Gems are minerals that
are cut and polished for use in jewelry . Most gems are minerals .
Key Concept: Mineral = natural, inorganic, characteristic composition and crystal structure.
Difficulty: Easy
Question 2: Which of the following is an organic gem?
A) Ruby
B) Sapphire
C) Amber
D) Spinel
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amber is an organic gem formed from fossilized tree resin. Ruby and sapphire are
varieties of corundum, and spinel is a mineral—all are inorganic . A gem produced by, or
derived from, a living organism is organic .
Key Concept: Organic gems = amber, pearl, coral, jet.
, Difficulty: Easy
Question 3: Which of the following is amorphous?
A) Ruby
B) Sapphire
C) Amber
D) Spinel
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Amber is amorphous, lacking a regular crystal
structure. Ruby, sapphire, and spinel are crystalline minerals .
Key Concept: Amorphous = lacking a regular crystal structure.
Difficulty: Easy
Question 4: Rocks altered by heat and pressure beneath Earth's surface are called:
A) Igneous
B) Sedimentary
C) Metamorphic
D) Volcanic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing rocks
are altered by heat and pressure beneath the Earth's surface .