EPA Section 608 Universal Certification
Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A Instant Download Pdf
1. What is the primary purpose of EPA Section 608 of the Clean Air Act?
A. To regulate electrical wiring in HVAC equipment
B. To reduce emissions of refrigerants that harm the environment
C. To regulate heating-oil distributors
D. To establish building insulation standards
Answer: To reduce emissions of refrigerants that harm the environment
Rationale: Section 608 establishes requirements intended to reduce refrigerant
emissions, including ozone-depleting substances and certain substitute
refrigerants.
2. Which certification allows a technician to service small appliances, high-
pressure appliances, and low-pressure appliances?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Universal
Answer: Universal
Rationale: Universal certification qualifies a technician to service all categories
covered by Types I, II, and III.
, 3. Which refrigerants contain chlorine and are generally associated with
ozone depletion?
A. HFCs
B. CFCs and HCFCs
C. HFOs only
D. Hydrocarbons only
Answer: CFCs and HCFCs
Rationale: CFCs and HCFCs contain chlorine that can contribute to stratospheric
ozone depletion when released into the atmosphere.
4. What does ODP stand for?
A. Ozone Depletion Potential
B. Oxygen Depletion Pressure
C. Operating Discharge Pressure
D. Ozone Distribution Percentage
Answer: Ozone Depletion Potential
Rationale: ODP is a measure used to compare the potential of substances to
deplete stratospheric ozone.
5. Which refrigerant has an ozone depletion potential of zero?
A. R-11
B. R-12
C. R-22
D. R-134a
Answer: R-134a
Rationale: R-134a is an HFC refrigerant and does not contain chlorine, so its
ozone depletion potential is zero.
6. What does GWP measure?
,A. Refrigerant pressure
B. Global Warming Potential
C. Gas Withdrawal Pressure
D. Gauge Working Pressure
Answer: Global Warming Potential
Rationale: GWP compares the climate-warming effect of a greenhouse gas with
that of carbon dioxide over a specified time period.
7. Which refrigerant family generally has zero ozone depletion potential but
can have significant global warming potential?
A. CFCs
B. HCFCs
C. HFCs
D. Halons
Answer: HFCs
Rationale: HFCs do not contain chlorine but many have relatively high GWP
values.
8. What happens to refrigerant pressure when temperature increases in a
sealed system?
A. Pressure generally decreases
B. Pressure generally increases
C. Pressure remains exactly constant
D. Pressure becomes atmospheric
Answer: Pressure generally increases
Rationale: In a sealed refrigerant system, pressure and temperature are related;
increasing temperature generally increases saturation pressure.
9. What is the purpose of a refrigerant recovery machine?
, A. To manufacture refrigerant
B. To remove refrigerant from an appliance and place it in an external container
C. To burn refrigerant
D. To increase compressor capacity
Answer: To remove refrigerant from an appliance and place it in an external
container
Rationale: EPA defines recovery as removing refrigerant from an appliance and
storing it in an external container without necessarily processing it.
10.What is refrigerant recycling?
A. Destroying refrigerant
B. Cleaning recovered refrigerant for reuse without fully reclaiming it
C. Manufacturing new refrigerant
D. Venting refrigerant and replacing it
Answer: Cleaning recovered refrigerant for reuse without fully reclaiming it
Rationale: Recycling involves extracting refrigerant and cleaning it, commonly
through oil separation and filtration, for reuse in equipment of the same owner.
11.What is refrigerant reclamation?
A. Removing refrigerant from an appliance
B. Returning refrigerant to an appliance
C. Reprocessing refrigerant to required purity specifications
D. Mixing different refrigerants
Answer: Reprocessing refrigerant to required purity specifications
Rationale: Reclamation requires reprocessing recovered refrigerant to
applicable purity specifications and verifying that it meets those specifications.
12.Who must certify a refrigerant before it is sold as reclaimed refrigerant?
Questions And Correct Answers
(Verified Answers) Plus Rationales 2026
Q&A Instant Download Pdf
1. What is the primary purpose of EPA Section 608 of the Clean Air Act?
A. To regulate electrical wiring in HVAC equipment
B. To reduce emissions of refrigerants that harm the environment
C. To regulate heating-oil distributors
D. To establish building insulation standards
Answer: To reduce emissions of refrigerants that harm the environment
Rationale: Section 608 establishes requirements intended to reduce refrigerant
emissions, including ozone-depleting substances and certain substitute
refrigerants.
2. Which certification allows a technician to service small appliances, high-
pressure appliances, and low-pressure appliances?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Universal
Answer: Universal
Rationale: Universal certification qualifies a technician to service all categories
covered by Types I, II, and III.
, 3. Which refrigerants contain chlorine and are generally associated with
ozone depletion?
A. HFCs
B. CFCs and HCFCs
C. HFOs only
D. Hydrocarbons only
Answer: CFCs and HCFCs
Rationale: CFCs and HCFCs contain chlorine that can contribute to stratospheric
ozone depletion when released into the atmosphere.
4. What does ODP stand for?
A. Ozone Depletion Potential
B. Oxygen Depletion Pressure
C. Operating Discharge Pressure
D. Ozone Distribution Percentage
Answer: Ozone Depletion Potential
Rationale: ODP is a measure used to compare the potential of substances to
deplete stratospheric ozone.
5. Which refrigerant has an ozone depletion potential of zero?
A. R-11
B. R-12
C. R-22
D. R-134a
Answer: R-134a
Rationale: R-134a is an HFC refrigerant and does not contain chlorine, so its
ozone depletion potential is zero.
6. What does GWP measure?
,A. Refrigerant pressure
B. Global Warming Potential
C. Gas Withdrawal Pressure
D. Gauge Working Pressure
Answer: Global Warming Potential
Rationale: GWP compares the climate-warming effect of a greenhouse gas with
that of carbon dioxide over a specified time period.
7. Which refrigerant family generally has zero ozone depletion potential but
can have significant global warming potential?
A. CFCs
B. HCFCs
C. HFCs
D. Halons
Answer: HFCs
Rationale: HFCs do not contain chlorine but many have relatively high GWP
values.
8. What happens to refrigerant pressure when temperature increases in a
sealed system?
A. Pressure generally decreases
B. Pressure generally increases
C. Pressure remains exactly constant
D. Pressure becomes atmospheric
Answer: Pressure generally increases
Rationale: In a sealed refrigerant system, pressure and temperature are related;
increasing temperature generally increases saturation pressure.
9. What is the purpose of a refrigerant recovery machine?
, A. To manufacture refrigerant
B. To remove refrigerant from an appliance and place it in an external container
C. To burn refrigerant
D. To increase compressor capacity
Answer: To remove refrigerant from an appliance and place it in an external
container
Rationale: EPA defines recovery as removing refrigerant from an appliance and
storing it in an external container without necessarily processing it.
10.What is refrigerant recycling?
A. Destroying refrigerant
B. Cleaning recovered refrigerant for reuse without fully reclaiming it
C. Manufacturing new refrigerant
D. Venting refrigerant and replacing it
Answer: Cleaning recovered refrigerant for reuse without fully reclaiming it
Rationale: Recycling involves extracting refrigerant and cleaning it, commonly
through oil separation and filtration, for reuse in equipment of the same owner.
11.What is refrigerant reclamation?
A. Removing refrigerant from an appliance
B. Returning refrigerant to an appliance
C. Reprocessing refrigerant to required purity specifications
D. Mixing different refrigerants
Answer: Reprocessing refrigerant to required purity specifications
Rationale: Reclamation requires reprocessing recovered refrigerant to
applicable purity specifications and verifying that it meets those specifications.
12.Who must certify a refrigerant before it is sold as reclaimed refrigerant?
