ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY UTMB
5355 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Transcription results in
Answer: mRNA
●● RNA polymerase makes
Answer: mRNA
●● mRNA
Answer: makes proteins
●● RNA polymerase
Answer: binds to DNA
●● Transcription factors (TFs)
Answer: A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects transcription
of specific genes. Can wither activate or repress expression of genes
●● Termination of transcription
,Answer: RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence (Stop codon)
and detaches from the template
●● Translation
Answer: Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced.
Protein assembly
●● Translation takes place in the
Answer: cytoplasm
●● Codon
Answer: A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of DNA or RNA
that provides genetic code information for a amino acid
●● Amino acids are
Answer: building blocks of proteins
●● tRNA
Answer: An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between
nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids
and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
●● Codons allow
,Answer: for DNA and RNA to communicate
●● Gene Regulation
Answer: the process of turning genes on and off
●● Gene Regulation occurs
Answer: during transcription
●● Transcription factors (TFs) determine
Answer: amount of protein product made
●● Nucleotide
Answer: DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous base
●● Mutation
Answer: permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that affects
genetic information
●● germline mutation
Answer: happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
●● somatic mutation
, Answer: A mutation that occurs in the body cells from spontaneous
development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired
●● causes of mutations
Answer: • Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
●● silent mutation
Answer: alters a base but does not change the amino acid
●● DNA is
Answer: master blueprint for human being
●● Gene
Answer: the basic unit of inheritance
●● DNA makes
Answer: proteins
●● Chromosomes
5355 UPDATED ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
●● Transcription results in
Answer: mRNA
●● RNA polymerase makes
Answer: mRNA
●● mRNA
Answer: makes proteins
●● RNA polymerase
Answer: binds to DNA
●● Transcription factors (TFs)
Answer: A regulatory protein that binds to DNA and affects transcription
of specific genes. Can wither activate or repress expression of genes
●● Termination of transcription
,Answer: RNA polymerase reaches a terminator sequence (Stop codon)
and detaches from the template
●● Translation
Answer: Process by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced.
Protein assembly
●● Translation takes place in the
Answer: cytoplasm
●● Codon
Answer: A specific sequence of three bases on a strand of DNA or RNA
that provides genetic code information for a amino acid
●● Amino acids are
Answer: building blocks of proteins
●● tRNA
Answer: An RNA molecule that functions as an interpreter between
nucleic acid and protein language by picking up specific amino acids
and recognizing the appropriate codons in the mRNA
●● Codons allow
,Answer: for DNA and RNA to communicate
●● Gene Regulation
Answer: the process of turning genes on and off
●● Gene Regulation occurs
Answer: during transcription
●● Transcription factors (TFs) determine
Answer: amount of protein product made
●● Nucleotide
Answer: DNA subunit; 1 DNA, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogenous base
●● Mutation
Answer: permanent change in a DNA /RNA sequence that affects
genetic information
●● germline mutation
Answer: happens in germ cells, inheritable, in all cells
●● somatic mutation
, Answer: A mutation that occurs in the body cells from spontaneous
development. Cannot be inherited. Acquired
●● causes of mutations
Answer: • Incorrect copying of the DNA sequence/
Environmental
•Exposure
•Spontaneous
●● silent mutation
Answer: alters a base but does not change the amino acid
●● DNA is
Answer: master blueprint for human being
●● Gene
Answer: the basic unit of inheritance
●● DNA makes
Answer: proteins
●● Chromosomes
