Ivy Tech APHY 101 Midterm Chapters
1-6 Exam Actual 2026/2027 –
Complete Questions with Detailed
Rationales | 100% Verified Answers –
Pass Guaranteed (GRADED A_)
1. Cancer can result if:
A) Mitosis is too infrequent.
B) Mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
C) The cell cycle runs backward.
D) The cell cycle stops.
Answer: B) Mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
Rationale: Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell division. When
mitosis occurs too frequently or fails to stop, it leads to the formation of
tumors.
2. The secondary structure of a protein molecule is the result of:
A) Ionic bonds.
B) Covalent bonds.
C) Hydrogen bonds.
D) Oxygen double bonds.
Answer: C) Hydrogen bonds.
Rationale: The secondary structure of proteins (like alpha-helices and beta-
sheets) is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the backbone atoms.
3. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing
levels of complexity?
A) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
B) Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
C) Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
D) Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
,Answer: A) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.
Rationale: This represents the correct hierarchical organization of life, from
the simplest (organelles) to the most complex (organ systems).
4. Lipids:
A) Are insoluble in water.
B) Include phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats.
C) Contain C, H, and O, but with proportionately less oxygen than in
carbohydrates.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D) All of the above.
Rationale: Lipids are hydrophobic, include various types like fats and
phospholipids, and have a higher proportion of carbon and hydrogen
relative to oxygen compared to carbohydrates.
5. Metabolism is defined as:
A) The removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions.
B) The breakdown of substances into simpler forms.
C) All the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life.
D) The taking in of nutrients.
Answer: C) All the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that
support life.
Rationale: Metabolism encompasses all anabolic (building) and catabolic
(breaking down) chemical reactions within the body.
6. During interphase, a cell rests. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Interphase is a highly active period where the cell grows, carries
out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell
division.
7. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes and rough
endoplasmic reticulum does not. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Rough ER is studded with ribosomes (hence "rough"), while
smooth ER lacks ribosomes.
, 8. The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a
physiologist consist of ______.
Answer: Observing body parts; studying functions of body parts.
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure, while physiology is the study
of function.
9. An organic compound always contains:
Answer: Carbon and hydrogen.
Rationale: Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds,
which typically also contain hydrogen.
10. Which of the following substances is an element?
A) Glucose
B) Water
C) Iron
D) Sodium chloride
Answer: C) Iron.
Rationale: Iron (Fe) is a pure element. Glucose, water, and sodium chloride
are compounds.
11. Cilia and flagella extend from certain cells, enabling the cells to
move. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Cilia and flagella are extensions that enable the cell to move or
move substances across the cell surface, but the statement as written is
misleading. Cilia and flagella themselves move, but the cell as a whole may
or may not move depending on the context.
12. If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is
higher than the concentration inside:
Answer: Water will leave the cell by osmosis.
Rationale: Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration (inside
the cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (outside the cell) via
osmosis.
1-6 Exam Actual 2026/2027 –
Complete Questions with Detailed
Rationales | 100% Verified Answers –
Pass Guaranteed (GRADED A_)
1. Cancer can result if:
A) Mitosis is too infrequent.
B) Mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
C) The cell cycle runs backward.
D) The cell cycle stops.
Answer: B) Mitosis is too frequent or does not stop.
Rationale: Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled cell division. When
mitosis occurs too frequently or fails to stop, it leads to the formation of
tumors.
2. The secondary structure of a protein molecule is the result of:
A) Ionic bonds.
B) Covalent bonds.
C) Hydrogen bonds.
D) Oxygen double bonds.
Answer: C) Hydrogen bonds.
Rationale: The secondary structure of proteins (like alpha-helices and beta-
sheets) is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the backbone atoms.
3. Which of the following lists best illustrates the idea of increasing
levels of complexity?
A) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
B) Cells, tissues, organelles, organs, organ systems
C) Organs, organelles, organ systems, cells, tissues
D) Tissues, cells, organs, organelles, organ systems
,Answer: A) Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems.
Rationale: This represents the correct hierarchical organization of life, from
the simplest (organelles) to the most complex (organ systems).
4. Lipids:
A) Are insoluble in water.
B) Include phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats.
C) Contain C, H, and O, but with proportionately less oxygen than in
carbohydrates.
D) All of the above.
Answer: D) All of the above.
Rationale: Lipids are hydrophobic, include various types like fats and
phospholipids, and have a higher proportion of carbon and hydrogen
relative to oxygen compared to carbohydrates.
5. Metabolism is defined as:
A) The removal of wastes produced by chemical reactions.
B) The breakdown of substances into simpler forms.
C) All the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that support life.
D) The taking in of nutrients.
Answer: C) All the chemical reactions occurring in an organism that
support life.
Rationale: Metabolism encompasses all anabolic (building) and catabolic
(breaking down) chemical reactions within the body.
6. During interphase, a cell rests. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Interphase is a highly active period where the cell grows, carries
out its normal functions, and replicates its DNA in preparation for cell
division.
7. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum has ribosomes and rough
endoplasmic reticulum does not. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Rough ER is studded with ribosomes (hence "rough"), while
smooth ER lacks ribosomes.
, 8. The activities of an anatomist consist of ______, whereas those of a
physiologist consist of ______.
Answer: Observing body parts; studying functions of body parts.
Rationale: Anatomy is the study of structure, while physiology is the study
of function.
9. An organic compound always contains:
Answer: Carbon and hydrogen.
Rationale: Organic chemistry is the study of carbon-containing compounds,
which typically also contain hydrogen.
10. Which of the following substances is an element?
A) Glucose
B) Water
C) Iron
D) Sodium chloride
Answer: C) Iron.
Rationale: Iron (Fe) is a pure element. Glucose, water, and sodium chloride
are compounds.
11. Cilia and flagella extend from certain cells, enabling the cells to
move. True or False?
Answer: False.
Rationale: Cilia and flagella are extensions that enable the cell to move or
move substances across the cell surface, but the statement as written is
misleading. Cilia and flagella themselves move, but the cell as a whole may
or may not move depending on the context.
12. If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is
higher than the concentration inside:
Answer: Water will leave the cell by osmosis.
Rationale: Water moves from an area of lower solute concentration (inside
the cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (outside the cell) via
osmosis.
