Answer Guide NSG 3850 - Exam 1
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
1. 2/3 of body fluid is intracellular. 1/3 is extracel- True
lular. T/F?
2. Where is the extracellular fluid? - between cells (interstitial)
- blood vessels (vascular)
- dense connective tissue and bone
- CSF, GI fluids, synovial (transcellular)
3. When ADH is low, urine volume is high
4. When aldosterone is high, urine volume is low
5. ADH is the "____ water" hormone. free *causes kidneys to reabsorb plain
water
6. Aldosterone is the "____ water" hormone. salt *causes kidneys to reabsorb water
AND sodium
7. BNP is synthesized and released from ventric- heart failure.
ular cells when ventricular diastolic pressure
INCREASES abnormally, as in:
8. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) promote fluid excretion, urine
_______________ in _________.
9. Reabsorption of Na+ and H2O caused by al- expands
dosterone makes a smaller volume of urine
and ___________ extracellular fluid volume.
10. Water moves in and out of cells via: osmosis
Can electrolytes move freely across the cell No!
membrane?
11. dilutional hyponatremia
1 4/16/2026
, Answer Guide NSG 3850 - Exam 1
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
A gain of more water than salt is called:
*gain water
12. A loss of more salt than water is called: depletional hyponatremia
*lose salt
13. Aldosterone increases or decreases potassium Increases
excretion in urine?
14. I have low ionized calcium levels after a mas- citrate (preservative in blood products)
sive or fast blood transfusion or FFP because *citrate renders calcium inactive
of:
15. PTH increases plasma calcium, therefore, pt's low levels of calcium
with hypoparathyroidism from sx or trauma
will have:
16. With low levels of extracellular Ca, voltage gat- excitable!
ed Na channels are less stable. Making them *which means tetany occurs
more likely to open up allowing them to depo-
larize more easily. This makes neurons more:
17. PTH increases plasma calcium, therefore, pt's higher levels of calcium
with hyperparathyroidism will have:
18. The decreased neuromuscular excitability in elevation of threshold potential of ex-
hypercalcemia is caused by: citable cells.
19. Chronic alcoholism is a major risk factor for Hypomagnesemia
which electrolyte imbalance?
20. Acetylcholine causes muscles to: contract.
21.
2 4/16/2026
, Answer Guide NSG 3850 - Exam 1
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
Mg in extracellular fluid usually depresses re- contract
lease of acetylcholine. Therefore if too few Mg *this is due to neuromuscular excitabil-
ions are present, muscles will: ity
22. Too much Mg, causes acetylcholine to rarely depression
be released causing muscular:
23. Phosphate is an important component of ATP. weak
Since ATP is a major source of energy, if we
have low phosphate we are more likely to be:
24. Pt's with hyperphosphatemia and kidney dx phosphate
are likely to have to ______________ salts in soft
tissues of the body. Leading to aching, stiff-
ness in joints, itching, and conjunctivitis.
25. What electrolytes are in the ECF and ICF? ECF = K+ and Mg
ICF = Na+, Cl, Bicarb
26. What are the components of blood? RBCs (carry O2)
platelets (clotting)
leukocytes (WBCs) (infection)
27. What does the blood transport? Oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide
(CO2)
28. What are the compensatory mechanisms in Increase oxygen to tissues
anemia? + increased resp and HR
3 4/16/2026
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
1. 2/3 of body fluid is intracellular. 1/3 is extracel- True
lular. T/F?
2. Where is the extracellular fluid? - between cells (interstitial)
- blood vessels (vascular)
- dense connective tissue and bone
- CSF, GI fluids, synovial (transcellular)
3. When ADH is low, urine volume is high
4. When aldosterone is high, urine volume is low
5. ADH is the "____ water" hormone. free *causes kidneys to reabsorb plain
water
6. Aldosterone is the "____ water" hormone. salt *causes kidneys to reabsorb water
AND sodium
7. BNP is synthesized and released from ventric- heart failure.
ular cells when ventricular diastolic pressure
INCREASES abnormally, as in:
8. Natriuretic peptides (NPs) promote fluid excretion, urine
_______________ in _________.
9. Reabsorption of Na+ and H2O caused by al- expands
dosterone makes a smaller volume of urine
and ___________ extracellular fluid volume.
10. Water moves in and out of cells via: osmosis
Can electrolytes move freely across the cell No!
membrane?
11. dilutional hyponatremia
1 4/16/2026
, Answer Guide NSG 3850 - Exam 1
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
A gain of more water than salt is called:
*gain water
12. A loss of more salt than water is called: depletional hyponatremia
*lose salt
13. Aldosterone increases or decreases potassium Increases
excretion in urine?
14. I have low ionized calcium levels after a mas- citrate (preservative in blood products)
sive or fast blood transfusion or FFP because *citrate renders calcium inactive
of:
15. PTH increases plasma calcium, therefore, pt's low levels of calcium
with hypoparathyroidism from sx or trauma
will have:
16. With low levels of extracellular Ca, voltage gat- excitable!
ed Na channels are less stable. Making them *which means tetany occurs
more likely to open up allowing them to depo-
larize more easily. This makes neurons more:
17. PTH increases plasma calcium, therefore, pt's higher levels of calcium
with hyperparathyroidism will have:
18. The decreased neuromuscular excitability in elevation of threshold potential of ex-
hypercalcemia is caused by: citable cells.
19. Chronic alcoholism is a major risk factor for Hypomagnesemia
which electrolyte imbalance?
20. Acetylcholine causes muscles to: contract.
21.
2 4/16/2026
, Answer Guide NSG 3850 - Exam 1
NSG 3850 - Exam 1
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d351mu
Mg in extracellular fluid usually depresses re- contract
lease of acetylcholine. Therefore if too few Mg *this is due to neuromuscular excitabil-
ions are present, muscles will: ity
22. Too much Mg, causes acetylcholine to rarely depression
be released causing muscular:
23. Phosphate is an important component of ATP. weak
Since ATP is a major source of energy, if we
have low phosphate we are more likely to be:
24. Pt's with hyperphosphatemia and kidney dx phosphate
are likely to have to ______________ salts in soft
tissues of the body. Leading to aching, stiff-
ness in joints, itching, and conjunctivitis.
25. What electrolytes are in the ECF and ICF? ECF = K+ and Mg
ICF = Na+, Cl, Bicarb
26. What are the components of blood? RBCs (carry O2)
platelets (clotting)
leukocytes (WBCs) (infection)
27. What does the blood transport? Oxygen (PO2) and carbon dioxide
(CO2)
28. What are the compensatory mechanisms in Increase oxygen to tissues
anemia? + increased resp and HR
3 4/16/2026
