NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
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1. Hypercarbia Increased carbon dioxide level in the blood-
stream.
2. Hypoxemia deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
3. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Assessment Ask pt about respiratory hx including: smoking
History Questions history, drug use, travel, and area of residence.
Document the smoking history in pack-years.
(No of cigarettes smoked per day x no of years
smoked = no of pack-years)
4. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Childhood • Asthma
Illnesses
• Pneumonia
• Communicable diseases
• Hay fever
• Allergies
• Eczema
• Frequent colds
• Croup
• Cystic fibrosis
5. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Adult Illness- • Pneumonia
es
• Sinusitis
• Tuberculosis
[2026] Page 1 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
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• HIV and AIDS
• Lung disease such as emphysema and sar-
coidosis
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Heart disease
• Influenza, pneumococcal (Pneumovax), and
BCG vaccinations
6. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Additional • Surgeries of the upper or lower respiratory
Histories system
• Injuries to the upper or lower respiratory sys-
tem
• Hospitalizations
• Date of last chest x-ray, pulmonary function
test, tuberculin test, or other diagnostic tests
and results
• Recent weight loss
• Night sweats
• Sleep disturbances
• Lung disease and condition of family mem-
[2026] Page 2 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
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bers
• Geographic areas of recent travel
• Occupation and leisure activities
7. Allergen an environmental or exogenous antigen that
provokes a hypersensitivity response
8. Environmental exposure Agents in the environment that increase the
chance of getting a disease. Ex: temperature or
allergens
9. Which assessment findings are most
important for the nurse to determine
when assessing a client with dyspnea?
Select all that apply.
A. Onset of or when the client first no-
ticed dyspnea
B. Results of most recent pulmonary
function test
C. Conditions that relieve the dyspnea
sensation
D. Whether or not dyspnea interferes
with ADLs
E. Inspection of the external nose and its
symmetry
[2026] Page 3 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60cccn
F. Whether stridor is present with dysp-
nea
10. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification No significant restrictions in normal activ-
With Performance of ADLs: Class I ity. Employable. Dyspnea occurs only on
more-than-normal or strenuous exertion.
11. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Independent in essential ADLs but restricted
With Performance of ADLs: Class II in some other activities. Dyspneic on climbing
stairs or on walking on an incline but not on
level walking. Employable only for sedentary
job or under special circumstances.
12. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Dyspnea commonly occurs during usual activ-
With Performance of ADLs: Class III ities such as showering or dressing, but the
patient can manage without assistance from
others. Not dyspneic at rest; can walk for more
than a city block at own pace but cannot keep
up with others of own age. May stop to catch
breath partway up a flight of stairs. Is not likely
to be employed.
13. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Dyspnea produces dependence on help in
With Performance of ADLs: Class IV some essential ADLs such as dressing and
bathing. Not usually dyspneic at rest. Dyspneic
on minimal exertion; must pause on climbing
one flight, walking more than 100 yards, or
dressing. Often restricted to home if lives alone.
Has minimal or no activities outside of home.
14. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Entirely restricted to home and often limited to
With Performance of ADLs: Class V bed or chair. Dyspneic at rest. Dependent on
help for most needs.
[2026] Page 4 of 36
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60cccn
1. Hypercarbia Increased carbon dioxide level in the blood-
stream.
2. Hypoxemia deficient amount of oxygen in the blood
3. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Assessment Ask pt about respiratory hx including: smoking
History Questions history, drug use, travel, and area of residence.
Document the smoking history in pack-years.
(No of cigarettes smoked per day x no of years
smoked = no of pack-years)
4. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Childhood • Asthma
Illnesses
• Pneumonia
• Communicable diseases
• Hay fever
• Allergies
• Eczema
• Frequent colds
• Croup
• Cystic fibrosis
5. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Adult Illness- • Pneumonia
es
• Sinusitis
• Tuberculosis
[2026] Page 1 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60cccn
• HIV and AIDS
• Lung disease such as emphysema and sar-
coidosis
• Diabetes
• Hypertension
• Heart disease
• Influenza, pneumococcal (Pneumovax), and
BCG vaccinations
6. Gas Exchange Risk Factors: Additional • Surgeries of the upper or lower respiratory
Histories system
• Injuries to the upper or lower respiratory sys-
tem
• Hospitalizations
• Date of last chest x-ray, pulmonary function
test, tuberculin test, or other diagnostic tests
and results
• Recent weight loss
• Night sweats
• Sleep disturbances
• Lung disease and condition of family mem-
[2026] Page 2 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60cccn
bers
• Geographic areas of recent travel
• Occupation and leisure activities
7. Allergen an environmental or exogenous antigen that
provokes a hypersensitivity response
8. Environmental exposure Agents in the environment that increase the
chance of getting a disease. Ex: temperature or
allergens
9. Which assessment findings are most
important for the nurse to determine
when assessing a client with dyspnea?
Select all that apply.
A. Onset of or when the client first no-
ticed dyspnea
B. Results of most recent pulmonary
function test
C. Conditions that relieve the dyspnea
sensation
D. Whether or not dyspnea interferes
with ADLs
E. Inspection of the external nose and its
symmetry
[2026] Page 3 of 36
, NSG 170 - Gas Exchange
Latest NSG 170 - Gas Exchange (Answer Guide)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_60cccn
F. Whether stridor is present with dysp-
nea
10. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification No significant restrictions in normal activ-
With Performance of ADLs: Class I ity. Employable. Dyspnea occurs only on
more-than-normal or strenuous exertion.
11. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Independent in essential ADLs but restricted
With Performance of ADLs: Class II in some other activities. Dyspneic on climbing
stairs or on walking on an incline but not on
level walking. Employable only for sedentary
job or under special circumstances.
12. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Dyspnea commonly occurs during usual activ-
With Performance of ADLs: Class III ities such as showering or dressing, but the
patient can manage without assistance from
others. Not dyspneic at rest; can walk for more
than a city block at own pace but cannot keep
up with others of own age. May stop to catch
breath partway up a flight of stairs. Is not likely
to be employed.
13. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Dyspnea produces dependence on help in
With Performance of ADLs: Class IV some essential ADLs such as dressing and
bathing. Not usually dyspneic at rest. Dyspneic
on minimal exertion; must pause on climbing
one flight, walking more than 100 yards, or
dressing. Often restricted to home if lives alone.
Has minimal or no activities outside of home.
14. Correlation of Dyspnea Classification Entirely restricted to home and often limited to
With Performance of ADLs: Class V bed or chair. Dyspneic at rest. Dependent on
help for most needs.
[2026] Page 4 of 36
