PSYC 2301 EXAM 2 STUDY GUIDE 2026 TESTED
QUESTIONS AND PRACTICE SOLUTION
GRADED A+
◉ Extinction.
Answer: occurs when the link between the conditioned stimulus and
the unconditioned stimulus is removed, decreasing the conditional
response
in contrast, occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the
unconditioned stimulus are decoupled. Only one or the other is
presented at a time. Consequently, the probability of a conditioned
response decreases. Although the conditioned response may
decrease and stop, an individual's memory of the learning remains,
and the behavior can still be elicited.
occurs when behaviors no longer receive a consequence; thus, the
association is extinguished.
◉ Spontaneous recovery.
Answer: occurs after extinction; after a short period of rest, the
conditioned stimulus once again elicits the conditioned response
,occurs after extinction. After a short period of rest, a conditioned
response occurs spontaneously, in response to the conditioned
stimulus. In other words, the conditioned response occurs without
any environmental prompting. It is important to note that the
conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned
stimulus.
◉ savings.
Answer: occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the
unconditioned stimulus are not connected for a period of time, but
are then presented again together
occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned
stimulus are not connected for a period of time, then the conditioned
stimulus is presented once again with the unconditioned stimulus.
The conditioned response reaches levels similar to those at the peak
of the acquisition phase.
◉ stimulus generalization.
Answer: when a similar stimulus to the original conditioned
stimulus evokes a similar response
◉ stimulus discrimination.
Answer: the ability of the subject to learn to react differently to
different stimuli
,◉ high-order conditioning.
Answer: learning that occurs when a strongly conditioned stimulus
is paired with a neutral stimulus, causing the conditioned response
to be transferred to the new stimulus
◉ delay conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus is presented first, and the conditioned stimulus is
presented after, with some overlap
The conditioned stimulus (bell) is presented first, and the
unconditioned stimulus (candy) is presented after, but there is some
overlap. For example, a tone sounds and the subject receives the
candy before the tone stops. The conditioned response (salivation
the sound of the bell) does not occur until the conditioned stimulus
has been in effect for a period of time.
◉ trace conditioning.
Answer: conditioning process where first the unconditioned
stimulus is presented, followed by the conditioned stimulus after a
brief period of time
The conditioned stimulus (bell) is presented first, and the
unconditioned stimulus (candy) is presented after the CS is no
, longer being experienced. For example, the tone will sound and then
stop, leaving a small period of silence before the subject receives the
candy. As with delay conditioning, the conditioned response does
not occur until the conditioned stimulus has been in effect for a
period of time. Delay and trace conditioning work equally well.
◉ temporal conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus is presented following a fixed interval of time
With temporal conditioning, there is no bell. The unconditioned
stimulus (candy) is presented at a fixed time interval. For example,
the subject is given a candy every five minutes. Individuals will begin
to expect the unconditioned stimulus at that interval, showing a
conditioned response (salivating) just before the next presentation.
◉ simultaneous conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus and the conditioned stimulus are presented at the same
time
The conditioned stimulus (bell) and the unconditioned stimulus
(candy) are presented at the same time. Surprisingly, this is an
ineffective form of classical conditioning. It is theorized that the
subject focuses entirely on the US and doesn't notice the CS. It seems
QUESTIONS AND PRACTICE SOLUTION
GRADED A+
◉ Extinction.
Answer: occurs when the link between the conditioned stimulus and
the unconditioned stimulus is removed, decreasing the conditional
response
in contrast, occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the
unconditioned stimulus are decoupled. Only one or the other is
presented at a time. Consequently, the probability of a conditioned
response decreases. Although the conditioned response may
decrease and stop, an individual's memory of the learning remains,
and the behavior can still be elicited.
occurs when behaviors no longer receive a consequence; thus, the
association is extinguished.
◉ Spontaneous recovery.
Answer: occurs after extinction; after a short period of rest, the
conditioned stimulus once again elicits the conditioned response
,occurs after extinction. After a short period of rest, a conditioned
response occurs spontaneously, in response to the conditioned
stimulus. In other words, the conditioned response occurs without
any environmental prompting. It is important to note that the
conditioned stimulus is presented without the unconditioned
stimulus.
◉ savings.
Answer: occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the
unconditioned stimulus are not connected for a period of time, but
are then presented again together
occurs when the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned
stimulus are not connected for a period of time, then the conditioned
stimulus is presented once again with the unconditioned stimulus.
The conditioned response reaches levels similar to those at the peak
of the acquisition phase.
◉ stimulus generalization.
Answer: when a similar stimulus to the original conditioned
stimulus evokes a similar response
◉ stimulus discrimination.
Answer: the ability of the subject to learn to react differently to
different stimuli
,◉ high-order conditioning.
Answer: learning that occurs when a strongly conditioned stimulus
is paired with a neutral stimulus, causing the conditioned response
to be transferred to the new stimulus
◉ delay conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus is presented first, and the conditioned stimulus is
presented after, with some overlap
The conditioned stimulus (bell) is presented first, and the
unconditioned stimulus (candy) is presented after, but there is some
overlap. For example, a tone sounds and the subject receives the
candy before the tone stops. The conditioned response (salivation
the sound of the bell) does not occur until the conditioned stimulus
has been in effect for a period of time.
◉ trace conditioning.
Answer: conditioning process where first the unconditioned
stimulus is presented, followed by the conditioned stimulus after a
brief period of time
The conditioned stimulus (bell) is presented first, and the
unconditioned stimulus (candy) is presented after the CS is no
, longer being experienced. For example, the tone will sound and then
stop, leaving a small period of silence before the subject receives the
candy. As with delay conditioning, the conditioned response does
not occur until the conditioned stimulus has been in effect for a
period of time. Delay and trace conditioning work equally well.
◉ temporal conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus is presented following a fixed interval of time
With temporal conditioning, there is no bell. The unconditioned
stimulus (candy) is presented at a fixed time interval. For example,
the subject is given a candy every five minutes. Individuals will begin
to expect the unconditioned stimulus at that interval, showing a
conditioned response (salivating) just before the next presentation.
◉ simultaneous conditioning.
Answer: type of classical conditioning in which the unconditioned
stimulus and the conditioned stimulus are presented at the same
time
The conditioned stimulus (bell) and the unconditioned stimulus
(candy) are presented at the same time. Surprisingly, this is an
ineffective form of classical conditioning. It is theorized that the
subject focuses entirely on the US and doesn't notice the CS. It seems
