PSYC 2301 ACTUAL PAPER 2026 VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Hospice Care.
Answer: o Acceptance of death in a positive manner
o Focus on improving QOL; not curing illness
o Pain management, emotional support, palliative care
o Personalized setting, unrestricted familial visits
◉ Home Care.
Answer: o Requires regular contact with medical staff
o Increased responsibility for family members
o Psychological benefits for patients - being in their own home
◉ Major Chronic Disorders (4).
Answer: - Heart disease
- Stroke
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Diabetes (type 1 & 2)
NOTE: Heart disease and Stroke AKA cardiovascular disease (CVD)
,◉ Common Characteristics of the 4 Major Chronic Disorders.
Answer: - Involve circulatory and/or metabolic system
- May be co-morbid (existing simultaneously)
- Modifiable risk factors - something that a person can adjust, change
or modify
- Non-communicable - not transmitted from one person to another
NOTE: LINKED TO INDIVIDUAL HEALTH CHOICES
◉ Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).
Answer: - Number 2 cause of death in Canada
- Disease of modernization - lifestyle related (diet/activity level)
- CHD Deaths: 20% in men, 22% in women
- Mostly premature deaths
- Major chronic disease
◉ Atherosclerosis.
Answer: Narrowing of the coronary arteries (due to fat deposits)
◉ What is CHD?.
Answer: - Caused by atherosclerosis
, - Lowers oxygen supply to heart
- Temporary shortages cause angina pectoris
- Severe deprivation causes heart attack (AKA myocardial infarction)
◉ CHD & Inflammation.
Answer: - Mediated by inflammatory process
- Proinflammatory cytosine IL-6 is involved (released when your
body is unhappy)
- IL-6 stimulates a process that causes atherosclerotic plaques
- Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the bloodstream is a strong
predictor of CHD
◉ What is CHD.
Answer: - CRP is produced in the liver and released into the
bloodstream
- Weight gain & low physical activity cause elevated CRP levels
NOTE: Lifestyle is linked to CRP, which is a strong predictor of CHD.
- CHD is a systemic disease; inflammatory process effects the entire
system
◉ Other risk factors of CHD.
Answer: o High BP
o Diabetes
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉ Hospice Care.
Answer: o Acceptance of death in a positive manner
o Focus on improving QOL; not curing illness
o Pain management, emotional support, palliative care
o Personalized setting, unrestricted familial visits
◉ Home Care.
Answer: o Requires regular contact with medical staff
o Increased responsibility for family members
o Psychological benefits for patients - being in their own home
◉ Major Chronic Disorders (4).
Answer: - Heart disease
- Stroke
- Hypertension (high blood pressure)
- Diabetes (type 1 & 2)
NOTE: Heart disease and Stroke AKA cardiovascular disease (CVD)
,◉ Common Characteristics of the 4 Major Chronic Disorders.
Answer: - Involve circulatory and/or metabolic system
- May be co-morbid (existing simultaneously)
- Modifiable risk factors - something that a person can adjust, change
or modify
- Non-communicable - not transmitted from one person to another
NOTE: LINKED TO INDIVIDUAL HEALTH CHOICES
◉ Coronary Heart Disease (CHD).
Answer: - Number 2 cause of death in Canada
- Disease of modernization - lifestyle related (diet/activity level)
- CHD Deaths: 20% in men, 22% in women
- Mostly premature deaths
- Major chronic disease
◉ Atherosclerosis.
Answer: Narrowing of the coronary arteries (due to fat deposits)
◉ What is CHD?.
Answer: - Caused by atherosclerosis
, - Lowers oxygen supply to heart
- Temporary shortages cause angina pectoris
- Severe deprivation causes heart attack (AKA myocardial infarction)
◉ CHD & Inflammation.
Answer: - Mediated by inflammatory process
- Proinflammatory cytosine IL-6 is involved (released when your
body is unhappy)
- IL-6 stimulates a process that causes atherosclerotic plaques
- Levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the bloodstream is a strong
predictor of CHD
◉ What is CHD.
Answer: - CRP is produced in the liver and released into the
bloodstream
- Weight gain & low physical activity cause elevated CRP levels
NOTE: Lifestyle is linked to CRP, which is a strong predictor of CHD.
- CHD is a systemic disease; inflammatory process effects the entire
system
◉ Other risk factors of CHD.
Answer: o High BP
o Diabetes
