PSYC 2301 EXAM 2 ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Cognitive psychology.
Answer: the branch of psychology focused on explaining how and
why we think the way we do
◉ Concepts.
Answer: categories of information in our minds that can be abstract
(like justice) or concrete (like birds)
◉ Prototype.
Answer: the best example or representation of a concept, influenced
by experience and observation
◉ Schema.
Answer: a mental construct that helps organize information
◉ Schemata.
Answer: plural form of schema
,◉ Role schema.
Answer: a collection of beliefs about how individuals in certain roles
will behave
◉ Event schema.
Answer: also called a cognitive script — a collection of automatic
behaviors associated with specific events, like using an elevator
◉ Language.
Answer: a verbal communication system using words to convey
information
◉ Lexicon.
Answer: the vocabulary or words of a language
◉ Grammar.
Answer: the set of rules applied to a language
◉ Language development (B.F. Skinner).
Answer: language is learned through operant conditioning and
reinforcement
◉ Language development (Noam Chomsky).
,Answer: humans have an innate biological ability to learn language,
even without reinforcement
◉ Language development (observational learning).
Answer: we can learn language by observing others, such as
watching TV shows in another language
◉ Linguistic determinism.
Answer: the idea that language influences how we think and
perceive the world
◉ Problem solving process.
Answer: Step 1: identify the problem, Step 2: use a problem-solving
strategy
◉ Trial and error.
Answer: trying multiple potential solutions until one works
◉ Algorithm.
Answer: following a step-by-step procedure to reach a solution
◉ Heuristic problem solving.
, Answer: using mental shortcuts such as working backwards,
breaking tasks into smaller steps, or brainstorming
◉ Mental set.
Answer: a tendency to approach problems in the same way that has
worked before
◉ Functional fixedness.
Answer: a type of mental set in which a person cannot perceive new
uses for an object other than its original function
◉ Anchoring bias.
Answer: relying too heavily on the first piece of information
received, which affects later judgments (example: car price)
◉ Availability heuristic.
Answer: overestimating the importance of information that comes
easily to mind (example: death by terrorism)
◉ Bandwagon effect.
Answer: adopting beliefs or behaviors simply because many others
do (example: cryptocurrency trends)
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS GRADED A+
◉ Cognitive psychology.
Answer: the branch of psychology focused on explaining how and
why we think the way we do
◉ Concepts.
Answer: categories of information in our minds that can be abstract
(like justice) or concrete (like birds)
◉ Prototype.
Answer: the best example or representation of a concept, influenced
by experience and observation
◉ Schema.
Answer: a mental construct that helps organize information
◉ Schemata.
Answer: plural form of schema
,◉ Role schema.
Answer: a collection of beliefs about how individuals in certain roles
will behave
◉ Event schema.
Answer: also called a cognitive script — a collection of automatic
behaviors associated with specific events, like using an elevator
◉ Language.
Answer: a verbal communication system using words to convey
information
◉ Lexicon.
Answer: the vocabulary or words of a language
◉ Grammar.
Answer: the set of rules applied to a language
◉ Language development (B.F. Skinner).
Answer: language is learned through operant conditioning and
reinforcement
◉ Language development (Noam Chomsky).
,Answer: humans have an innate biological ability to learn language,
even without reinforcement
◉ Language development (observational learning).
Answer: we can learn language by observing others, such as
watching TV shows in another language
◉ Linguistic determinism.
Answer: the idea that language influences how we think and
perceive the world
◉ Problem solving process.
Answer: Step 1: identify the problem, Step 2: use a problem-solving
strategy
◉ Trial and error.
Answer: trying multiple potential solutions until one works
◉ Algorithm.
Answer: following a step-by-step procedure to reach a solution
◉ Heuristic problem solving.
, Answer: using mental shortcuts such as working backwards,
breaking tasks into smaller steps, or brainstorming
◉ Mental set.
Answer: a tendency to approach problems in the same way that has
worked before
◉ Functional fixedness.
Answer: a type of mental set in which a person cannot perceive new
uses for an object other than its original function
◉ Anchoring bias.
Answer: relying too heavily on the first piece of information
received, which affects later judgments (example: car price)
◉ Availability heuristic.
Answer: overestimating the importance of information that comes
easily to mind (example: death by terrorism)
◉ Bandwagon effect.
Answer: adopting beliefs or behaviors simply because many others
do (example: cryptocurrency trends)
