PEAT Series 2 Form B PRACTICE EXAM
2026 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS Q&A with
rationales
A patient who has chronic obstructive disease has a respiratory rate of 30
breaths/minute and exhibits prominent use of the upper trapezius and
sternocleidomastoid muscles during inspiration. Which of the following interventions is
MOST appropriate for the patient?
a. incentive spirometry
b. pursed-lip breathing
c. segmental breathing
d. glossopharyngeal breathing - b. pursed lip breathing
Pursed-lip breathing slows the respiratory rate. The patient has a rapid respiratory rate
and overuse of the inspiratory accessory muscles and would, therefore, benefit from
techniques to slow down respiration.
a. Incentive spirometry is commonly performed by postoperative patients to reduce the
incidence of respiratory complications. This patient is not post surgery, and incentive
spirometry does not address the increased respiratory rate.
c. Segmental breathing is used to augment localized lung expansion. Although this
patient has signs and symptoms of respiratory distress, segmental breathing will not
address the elevated respiratory rate.
,d. Glossopharyngeal breathing is used in patients who have high-level tetraplegia to
improve respiratory capacity and increase vital capacity. This patient does not have a
loss of vital capacity, but rather has an increased respiratory rate and overuse of the
accessory inspiratory muscles.
Which of the following options BEST represents a typical respiratory rate for a child who
is 1 year old?
a. 15 bpm
b. 30 bpm
c. 45 bpm
d. 60 bpm - b. 30 bpm
Which of the following assessments is MOST accurate in diagnosing and determining
the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
a. arterial blood gas
b. chest radiograph
c. pulmonary function test
d. maximal exercise test - c. pulmonary function test
Pulmonary function testing, i.e., spirometry, is used to diagnose and monitor the
progression of chronic obstructive lung disease. Pulmonary function testing provides
information regarding the volume of air the lung contains and information on the
different lung capacities. Two forced spirometry measures that can be followed over
time include forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity
(FVC); the ratio of these values decreases as the severity of lung obstruction increases.
a. Blood gas analysis is crucial in the assessment of acid-base balance, ventilation, and
oxygenation. Arterial blood gas analysis is used frequently to monitor the condition of
patients in critical care to modify respiratory interventions. It is not used for diagnosing
or monitoring chronic obstructive lung disease.
b. Although the chest radiograph/x-ray is the predominant test to determine anatomic
abnormalities and pathologic processes within the chest, it is not the best diagnostic
test. The classic findings associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are
typically not seen until the condition is severe. Thus, a chest radiograph is of limited
value in diagnosing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d. Exercise testing is the single most important noninvasive procedure used in the
diagnosis and management of patients who have coronary artery disease. A maximal
exercise test may be used to measure functional capacity and to diagnose coronary
artery disease, not pulmonary disease, although it can be used to provide information
on exercise prescription.
Prior to exercise, a 50-year-old patient has a blood pressure of 135/85 mm Hg and a
heart rate of 70 bpm. After walking at a moderate pace, the patient's blood pressure is
,155/105 mm Hg and the heart rate is 100 bpm. Which of the following conclusions
BEST characterizes the blood pressure response to exercise?
a. Systolic response is normal, diastolic response is normal
b. Systolic response is normal, diastolic response is abnormal
c. Systolic response is abnormal, diastolic response is normal
d. Systolic response is abnormal, diastolic response is abnormal - b. Systolic response
is normal, diastolic response is abnormal
A normal systolic blood pressure response is a linear increase with workload. A normal
diastolic blood pressure response to exercise is an increase or decrease within 10 mm
Hg or no change at all. Given the increase in workload, the 20 mm Hg increase is a
normal response for systolic but abnormal for diastolic pressure.
A patient's skin distal to the mid-calf is darker than the skin proximal to the mid-calf.
which of the following examination techniques would MOST efficentyly screen for the
expected dysfunction?
a. capillarily refill time
b. venous filling time
c. dorsalis pedis pulse
d. sensory filament testing - b. venous filling time
the pt presents with venous insufficency
which of the following ranges for respiratory rate would be NORMAl for an 8-year-old
child?
a. 12 to 20 bpm
b. 18 to 30 bpm
c. 24 to 40 bpm
d. 30 to 60 bpm - b. 18 to 30 bpm
a. 12 to 20 is for an adult
c. normal rnage for a toddler
d. normal range for an infant
which of the following clinical manifestations would MOST likely be associated with right
ventricular failure?
, a. pulmonary edema
b. jugular venous distention
c. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
d. muscular weakness and fatigue - b. jugular venous distention
The other answers are associated with left ventricular failure
which of the following heart sounds heard in a 70-year-old adult MOSt likely indicates
ventricular failure?
a. S1
b. S2
c. S3
d. S4 - c. S3
S1 and S2 are normal heart sounds
S4 is for other cardiacmyopathies and coarctation of the aorta but not with LHF
which of the following scenarios BEST describes the effect of climatic conditions on an
individual who has exercise-induced asthma?
a. Bronchospasm is facilitated by exercise in a humid environment, compared with a dry
environment.
b. Bronchospasm is facilitated by exercise in a warm environment, compared with a
cold environment.
c. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a humid environment, compared with a
dry environment.
d. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a cold environment, compared with a
warm environment. - c. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a humid
environment, compared with a dry environment.
Exercise-induced asthma or bronchospasm is exacerbated in cold and dry
environments and is blunted when exercising in a humid environment.
A patient has pain in the mid lower abdominal area and low back that is not of
musculoskeletal origin. Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?
a. enlarged liver
b. inflamed pancreas
c. ruptured gallbladder
d. dissecting aortic aneurysm - d. dissescting aortic aneurysm
2026 WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS Q&A with
rationales
A patient who has chronic obstructive disease has a respiratory rate of 30
breaths/minute and exhibits prominent use of the upper trapezius and
sternocleidomastoid muscles during inspiration. Which of the following interventions is
MOST appropriate for the patient?
a. incentive spirometry
b. pursed-lip breathing
c. segmental breathing
d. glossopharyngeal breathing - b. pursed lip breathing
Pursed-lip breathing slows the respiratory rate. The patient has a rapid respiratory rate
and overuse of the inspiratory accessory muscles and would, therefore, benefit from
techniques to slow down respiration.
a. Incentive spirometry is commonly performed by postoperative patients to reduce the
incidence of respiratory complications. This patient is not post surgery, and incentive
spirometry does not address the increased respiratory rate.
c. Segmental breathing is used to augment localized lung expansion. Although this
patient has signs and symptoms of respiratory distress, segmental breathing will not
address the elevated respiratory rate.
,d. Glossopharyngeal breathing is used in patients who have high-level tetraplegia to
improve respiratory capacity and increase vital capacity. This patient does not have a
loss of vital capacity, but rather has an increased respiratory rate and overuse of the
accessory inspiratory muscles.
Which of the following options BEST represents a typical respiratory rate for a child who
is 1 year old?
a. 15 bpm
b. 30 bpm
c. 45 bpm
d. 60 bpm - b. 30 bpm
Which of the following assessments is MOST accurate in diagnosing and determining
the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
a. arterial blood gas
b. chest radiograph
c. pulmonary function test
d. maximal exercise test - c. pulmonary function test
Pulmonary function testing, i.e., spirometry, is used to diagnose and monitor the
progression of chronic obstructive lung disease. Pulmonary function testing provides
information regarding the volume of air the lung contains and information on the
different lung capacities. Two forced spirometry measures that can be followed over
time include forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity
(FVC); the ratio of these values decreases as the severity of lung obstruction increases.
a. Blood gas analysis is crucial in the assessment of acid-base balance, ventilation, and
oxygenation. Arterial blood gas analysis is used frequently to monitor the condition of
patients in critical care to modify respiratory interventions. It is not used for diagnosing
or monitoring chronic obstructive lung disease.
b. Although the chest radiograph/x-ray is the predominant test to determine anatomic
abnormalities and pathologic processes within the chest, it is not the best diagnostic
test. The classic findings associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are
typically not seen until the condition is severe. Thus, a chest radiograph is of limited
value in diagnosing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
d. Exercise testing is the single most important noninvasive procedure used in the
diagnosis and management of patients who have coronary artery disease. A maximal
exercise test may be used to measure functional capacity and to diagnose coronary
artery disease, not pulmonary disease, although it can be used to provide information
on exercise prescription.
Prior to exercise, a 50-year-old patient has a blood pressure of 135/85 mm Hg and a
heart rate of 70 bpm. After walking at a moderate pace, the patient's blood pressure is
,155/105 mm Hg and the heart rate is 100 bpm. Which of the following conclusions
BEST characterizes the blood pressure response to exercise?
a. Systolic response is normal, diastolic response is normal
b. Systolic response is normal, diastolic response is abnormal
c. Systolic response is abnormal, diastolic response is normal
d. Systolic response is abnormal, diastolic response is abnormal - b. Systolic response
is normal, diastolic response is abnormal
A normal systolic blood pressure response is a linear increase with workload. A normal
diastolic blood pressure response to exercise is an increase or decrease within 10 mm
Hg or no change at all. Given the increase in workload, the 20 mm Hg increase is a
normal response for systolic but abnormal for diastolic pressure.
A patient's skin distal to the mid-calf is darker than the skin proximal to the mid-calf.
which of the following examination techniques would MOST efficentyly screen for the
expected dysfunction?
a. capillarily refill time
b. venous filling time
c. dorsalis pedis pulse
d. sensory filament testing - b. venous filling time
the pt presents with venous insufficency
which of the following ranges for respiratory rate would be NORMAl for an 8-year-old
child?
a. 12 to 20 bpm
b. 18 to 30 bpm
c. 24 to 40 bpm
d. 30 to 60 bpm - b. 18 to 30 bpm
a. 12 to 20 is for an adult
c. normal rnage for a toddler
d. normal range for an infant
which of the following clinical manifestations would MOST likely be associated with right
ventricular failure?
, a. pulmonary edema
b. jugular venous distention
c. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
d. muscular weakness and fatigue - b. jugular venous distention
The other answers are associated with left ventricular failure
which of the following heart sounds heard in a 70-year-old adult MOSt likely indicates
ventricular failure?
a. S1
b. S2
c. S3
d. S4 - c. S3
S1 and S2 are normal heart sounds
S4 is for other cardiacmyopathies and coarctation of the aorta but not with LHF
which of the following scenarios BEST describes the effect of climatic conditions on an
individual who has exercise-induced asthma?
a. Bronchospasm is facilitated by exercise in a humid environment, compared with a dry
environment.
b. Bronchospasm is facilitated by exercise in a warm environment, compared with a
cold environment.
c. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a humid environment, compared with a
dry environment.
d. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a cold environment, compared with a
warm environment. - c. Bronchospasm is blunted when exercising in a humid
environment, compared with a dry environment.
Exercise-induced asthma or bronchospasm is exacerbated in cold and dry
environments and is blunted when exercising in a humid environment.
A patient has pain in the mid lower abdominal area and low back that is not of
musculoskeletal origin. Which of the following diagnoses is MOST likely?
a. enlarged liver
b. inflamed pancreas
c. ruptured gallbladder
d. dissecting aortic aneurysm - d. dissescting aortic aneurysm
