PSY 627 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
TEST PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Blackout.
Answer: Total amnesia for events that occur during intoxication,
common for people with AUD but also occurs in about 25% of social
drinkers
●● Fatalities of acute alcohol.
Answer: In 50% of the population, a blood concentration of .45% is
lethal - leads to coma or death.
●● Wernike-Korsakoff Syndrome.
Answer: Is characterized by confusion and disorientation, tremors, poor
coordination and ataxia - affects memory and that there is a movement
component. Test will ask what type of memory. *Anterograde (inability
to form new memories)*. Not temporary. Not little impairment
●● Behavioral tolerance.
Answer: behavioral thing someone is used to doing, holding a drink and
sipping it. Replace alcoholic drinks with non-alcohol to account for
behavioral tolerance
,●● Which neurotransmitter does alcohol increase and how.
Answer: Increases GABA. "alcohol also modulates GABA function,
both directly via GABA-a receptors and indirectly by stimulating GABA
release
●● Binge drinking.
Answer: Defined as having 5 drinks in a row for men, 4 in a row for
women
●● Steps of detoxification.
Answer: Typically replace alcohol with very low dose of another
substance, benzodiazepines. Librium or Valium to prevent alcohol
withdrawal, seizures, and DTs
●● Narcotic Analgesics: opioid drugs are narcotic analgesics.
Answer: Benefits
They reduce pain without producing unconsciousness, produce a sense
of relaxation and sleep.
The best painkillers known, also produce sense of euphoria.
●● When used medically, how are opiates administered?.
Answer: Medically: Morphine is given orally, by intravenous injection
(IV), or by epidural and intrathecal routes of administration
, ●● Heroin is converted into what?..
Answer: Heroin was made by adding 2 acetyl groups to morphine,
making it more lipid soluble. When consumed, brain converts it to
morphine
●● Pathways for transmission of pain..
Answer: Ascending pain pathway: sensory neurons activated by noxious
stimuli enter the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Dorsal horn neurons
travel up the spinal cord on the contralateral side and ultimately reach
various nuclei in the thalamus. Early pain neurons end first in the
primary somatosensory cortex, before the information is transferred to
the secondary somatosensory cortex, where pain recognition occurs
●● How does pain wear off.
Answer: Early pain: Immediate. You stub your toe, you feel it right then
and there. Because it's carried by myelinated neurons (FAST signals).
Late pain: Eventually, that immediate sensation of pain wears off. Late
pain signals are carried by unmyelinated neurons (slower) and late pain
has a strong emotional component
●● Korsakoff Syndrome..
Answer: is characterized by potentially irreversible memory loss,
anterograde amnesia (inability to form new memories), decreased
spontaneity, confabulation (creating false memories), hallucinations, and
personality changes. It is permanent damage to thalamic nuclei and brain
regions involved with memory subsequent to lack of thiamine
TEST PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● Blackout.
Answer: Total amnesia for events that occur during intoxication,
common for people with AUD but also occurs in about 25% of social
drinkers
●● Fatalities of acute alcohol.
Answer: In 50% of the population, a blood concentration of .45% is
lethal - leads to coma or death.
●● Wernike-Korsakoff Syndrome.
Answer: Is characterized by confusion and disorientation, tremors, poor
coordination and ataxia - affects memory and that there is a movement
component. Test will ask what type of memory. *Anterograde (inability
to form new memories)*. Not temporary. Not little impairment
●● Behavioral tolerance.
Answer: behavioral thing someone is used to doing, holding a drink and
sipping it. Replace alcoholic drinks with non-alcohol to account for
behavioral tolerance
,●● Which neurotransmitter does alcohol increase and how.
Answer: Increases GABA. "alcohol also modulates GABA function,
both directly via GABA-a receptors and indirectly by stimulating GABA
release
●● Binge drinking.
Answer: Defined as having 5 drinks in a row for men, 4 in a row for
women
●● Steps of detoxification.
Answer: Typically replace alcohol with very low dose of another
substance, benzodiazepines. Librium or Valium to prevent alcohol
withdrawal, seizures, and DTs
●● Narcotic Analgesics: opioid drugs are narcotic analgesics.
Answer: Benefits
They reduce pain without producing unconsciousness, produce a sense
of relaxation and sleep.
The best painkillers known, also produce sense of euphoria.
●● When used medically, how are opiates administered?.
Answer: Medically: Morphine is given orally, by intravenous injection
(IV), or by epidural and intrathecal routes of administration
, ●● Heroin is converted into what?..
Answer: Heroin was made by adding 2 acetyl groups to morphine,
making it more lipid soluble. When consumed, brain converts it to
morphine
●● Pathways for transmission of pain..
Answer: Ascending pain pathway: sensory neurons activated by noxious
stimuli enter the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Dorsal horn neurons
travel up the spinal cord on the contralateral side and ultimately reach
various nuclei in the thalamus. Early pain neurons end first in the
primary somatosensory cortex, before the information is transferred to
the secondary somatosensory cortex, where pain recognition occurs
●● How does pain wear off.
Answer: Early pain: Immediate. You stub your toe, you feel it right then
and there. Because it's carried by myelinated neurons (FAST signals).
Late pain: Eventually, that immediate sensation of pain wears off. Late
pain signals are carried by unmyelinated neurons (slower) and late pain
has a strong emotional component
●● Korsakoff Syndrome..
Answer: is characterized by potentially irreversible memory loss,
anterograde amnesia (inability to form new memories), decreased
spontaneity, confabulation (creating false memories), hallucinations, and
personality changes. It is permanent damage to thalamic nuclei and brain
regions involved with memory subsequent to lack of thiamine
