NUR 301 FINAL EXAM 2026/2027 – COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
What are the four nursing aims? - ANS ✔✔1. Promote health
2. Prevent illness
3. Restore health
4. Facilitate coping with disability or death
How do nurses prevent illness? - ANS ✔✔nurses prevent illness primarily by teaching and by personal
example
How do nurses promote health? - ANS ✔✔nurses promote health by identifying, analyzing, and
maximizing each patient's own individual strengths as components of prevention illness, restoring
health, and facilitating coping with disability or death.
How do nurses restore health? - ANS ✔✔nurses restore health by performing assessments that detect
an illness, referring questions and abnormal findings to other health care providers as appropriate,
providing direct care of the person who is ill, collaborating with other healthcare providers,
planning/teaching
How do nurses facilitate coping with disability or death? - ANS ✔✔facilitate patient and family coping
with altered function, life crisis, and death, maximizing the person's strengths and potentials, through
teaching and through referral to community support systems
What are the seven criteria of the nursing profession? - ANS ✔✔1. Well defined body of specific and
unique knowledge
2. Strong service orientation
3. Recognized authority by a professional group
4. Code of Ethics
5. Professional organizations that sets standards
6. Ongoing research
7. Autonomy and self-regulation
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: well defined body of specific and unique
knowledge? - ANS ✔✔specialized skills and application of knowledge based on an education that has
both theoretical and clinical practice components.
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: strong service orientation? - ANS ✔✔person-
centered process that maximizes potential in all human dimensinos
,Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: recognized authority by a professional group? -
ANS ✔✔scholarly with academic qualifications, research, and publications specific to the profession that
are widely accepted and respected
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: professional organizations that sets standards?
- ANS ✔✔guided by standards set by professional organizations and an established code of ethics
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: ongoing research? - ANS ✔✔our nursing
interventions are focused on EBP, which is practice based on research and NOT intuition
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: autonomy and self regulation? - ANS
✔✔focuses on human responses to actual or potential health problems and is increasingly focused on
wellness, an area of caring that encompasses nursing's unique knowledge and abilities
What makes a BSN different from an ADN? - ANS ✔✔BSNs encompass traditional knowledge, scientific
knowledge, and authoritative knowledge
Both have clinical components, but ADN's don't incorporate nursing research, community research, and
management
BSN allows for advanced education - ADNs do not.
What exam do registered nurses take to obtain their license? What oversight body manages this exam? -
ANS ✔✔NCLEX
overseen by NCSBN
Do diploma, ADN, and BSN new graduates take the same licensing exam? - ANS ✔✔ADN and BSN take
the same licensing exam
Diploma do not but are encouraged too
What were the 19th and 20th century barriers resulting in slow progress toward nursing developing as a
profession? - ANS ✔✔Hospitals saw nursing students as an economic advantage in having their own
schools, and most hospital schools were organized to provided more easily controlled and less expensive
staff for the hospitals.
This resulted in a lack of clear guidelines separating nursing service and nursing education.
Baptist Tabernacle Infirmary Training School for Christian Nurses was founded in what year? - ANS
✔✔1902
Mercer University was founded under the leadership of Jesse Mercer, prominent Baptist from Georgia, in
what year? - ANS ✔✔1833
What was the first "modern school of nursing"? When was it founded and by whom? - ANS ✔✔
Who, although not trained as a nurse, served as a nurse during the American Civil War, founded the
American Red Cross, and was know as the "Angel of the Battlefield"? - ANS ✔✔Clara Barton
, Who was the first African American nurse to graduate from a formal school of nursing in 1879 and
advocated to eliminate discrimination in the nursing field? - ANS ✔✔Mary Eliza Mahoney
Which influential nursing figure founded the Henry Street Settlement house, which still operates as a
non-profit social organization offering health and wellness services in New York's lower east side? - ANS
✔✔Lillian Wald
What influential nursing leader founded the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925 which formalized? - ANS
✔✔Mary Breckinridge
What prominent nurse wrote a book entitled Materia Medica for Nurses about drugs and solutions, was
assistant superintendent of the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, and devoted most of her life to
advancing the right of women to vote? - ANS ✔✔Lavinia Lloyd Dock
What barriers (p. 7 in Taylor et al., 2015 & Dr. Gunby's lecture) slowed nursing's development into a
profession in the early 20th century? - ANS ✔✔The lack of educational standards, the male dominance
in health care, and the pervading Victorian belief that women were subordinate to men combined to
contribute to several decades of slow progress toward professionalism in nursing.
What are the four common concepts in nursing theory?
(Nursing metaparadigm) - ANS ✔✔The person/patient
the environment
health
nursing (nursing practice)
Which of the four common concepts in nursing theories is most important? - ANS ✔✔THE PATIENT
What are the three sources of nursing knowledge? - ANS ✔✔traditional knowledge
authoritative knowledge
scientific knowledge
This is a source of nursing knowledge where the nursing practice is passed down from generation to
generation.
"We have always done it this way." - ANS ✔✔Traditional knowledge
Give an example of traditional nursing knowledge. - ANS ✔✔Changing bedlinen because it doesn't have
research to back up why we do it, we just do.
This is a source of nursing knowledge where the nursing knowledge comes from an expert and is
accepted as truth based on the person's perceived expertise.
Ex: senior staff nurse teaches a new graduate nurse a more efficient method of doing a technical
procedure, such as inserting an TV catheter. - ANS ✔✔authoritative knowledge
QUESTIONS & EXAM REVIEW
What are the four nursing aims? - ANS ✔✔1. Promote health
2. Prevent illness
3. Restore health
4. Facilitate coping with disability or death
How do nurses prevent illness? - ANS ✔✔nurses prevent illness primarily by teaching and by personal
example
How do nurses promote health? - ANS ✔✔nurses promote health by identifying, analyzing, and
maximizing each patient's own individual strengths as components of prevention illness, restoring
health, and facilitating coping with disability or death.
How do nurses restore health? - ANS ✔✔nurses restore health by performing assessments that detect
an illness, referring questions and abnormal findings to other health care providers as appropriate,
providing direct care of the person who is ill, collaborating with other healthcare providers,
planning/teaching
How do nurses facilitate coping with disability or death? - ANS ✔✔facilitate patient and family coping
with altered function, life crisis, and death, maximizing the person's strengths and potentials, through
teaching and through referral to community support systems
What are the seven criteria of the nursing profession? - ANS ✔✔1. Well defined body of specific and
unique knowledge
2. Strong service orientation
3. Recognized authority by a professional group
4. Code of Ethics
5. Professional organizations that sets standards
6. Ongoing research
7. Autonomy and self-regulation
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: well defined body of specific and unique
knowledge? - ANS ✔✔specialized skills and application of knowledge based on an education that has
both theoretical and clinical practice components.
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: strong service orientation? - ANS ✔✔person-
centered process that maximizes potential in all human dimensinos
,Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: recognized authority by a professional group? -
ANS ✔✔scholarly with academic qualifications, research, and publications specific to the profession that
are widely accepted and respected
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: professional organizations that sets standards?
- ANS ✔✔guided by standards set by professional organizations and an established code of ethics
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: ongoing research? - ANS ✔✔our nursing
interventions are focused on EBP, which is practice based on research and NOT intuition
Identify examples of how nursing achieves the criteria of: autonomy and self regulation? - ANS
✔✔focuses on human responses to actual or potential health problems and is increasingly focused on
wellness, an area of caring that encompasses nursing's unique knowledge and abilities
What makes a BSN different from an ADN? - ANS ✔✔BSNs encompass traditional knowledge, scientific
knowledge, and authoritative knowledge
Both have clinical components, but ADN's don't incorporate nursing research, community research, and
management
BSN allows for advanced education - ADNs do not.
What exam do registered nurses take to obtain their license? What oversight body manages this exam? -
ANS ✔✔NCLEX
overseen by NCSBN
Do diploma, ADN, and BSN new graduates take the same licensing exam? - ANS ✔✔ADN and BSN take
the same licensing exam
Diploma do not but are encouraged too
What were the 19th and 20th century barriers resulting in slow progress toward nursing developing as a
profession? - ANS ✔✔Hospitals saw nursing students as an economic advantage in having their own
schools, and most hospital schools were organized to provided more easily controlled and less expensive
staff for the hospitals.
This resulted in a lack of clear guidelines separating nursing service and nursing education.
Baptist Tabernacle Infirmary Training School for Christian Nurses was founded in what year? - ANS
✔✔1902
Mercer University was founded under the leadership of Jesse Mercer, prominent Baptist from Georgia, in
what year? - ANS ✔✔1833
What was the first "modern school of nursing"? When was it founded and by whom? - ANS ✔✔
Who, although not trained as a nurse, served as a nurse during the American Civil War, founded the
American Red Cross, and was know as the "Angel of the Battlefield"? - ANS ✔✔Clara Barton
, Who was the first African American nurse to graduate from a formal school of nursing in 1879 and
advocated to eliminate discrimination in the nursing field? - ANS ✔✔Mary Eliza Mahoney
Which influential nursing figure founded the Henry Street Settlement house, which still operates as a
non-profit social organization offering health and wellness services in New York's lower east side? - ANS
✔✔Lillian Wald
What influential nursing leader founded the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925 which formalized? - ANS
✔✔Mary Breckinridge
What prominent nurse wrote a book entitled Materia Medica for Nurses about drugs and solutions, was
assistant superintendent of the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, and devoted most of her life to
advancing the right of women to vote? - ANS ✔✔Lavinia Lloyd Dock
What barriers (p. 7 in Taylor et al., 2015 & Dr. Gunby's lecture) slowed nursing's development into a
profession in the early 20th century? - ANS ✔✔The lack of educational standards, the male dominance
in health care, and the pervading Victorian belief that women were subordinate to men combined to
contribute to several decades of slow progress toward professionalism in nursing.
What are the four common concepts in nursing theory?
(Nursing metaparadigm) - ANS ✔✔The person/patient
the environment
health
nursing (nursing practice)
Which of the four common concepts in nursing theories is most important? - ANS ✔✔THE PATIENT
What are the three sources of nursing knowledge? - ANS ✔✔traditional knowledge
authoritative knowledge
scientific knowledge
This is a source of nursing knowledge where the nursing practice is passed down from generation to
generation.
"We have always done it this way." - ANS ✔✔Traditional knowledge
Give an example of traditional nursing knowledge. - ANS ✔✔Changing bedlinen because it doesn't have
research to back up why we do it, we just do.
This is a source of nursing knowledge where the nursing knowledge comes from an expert and is
accepted as truth based on the person's perceived expertise.
Ex: senior staff nurse teaches a new graduate nurse a more efficient method of doing a technical
procedure, such as inserting an TV catheter. - ANS ✔✔authoritative knowledge
