PAIN MANAGEMENT FINAL PAPER EXAMPREP
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VIEW AHEAD STUDY SHEET
◉ Addiction. Answer: a behavioral pattern of substance use
characterized by a compulsion to take the substance (drug or alcohol)
primarily to experience its psychic effects.
◉ Agonist. Answer: a substance that when combined with the
receptor produces the drug effect or desired effect
◉ Antagonist. Answer: a substance that blocks or reverses the effects
of the agonist by occupying the receptor site without producing the
drug effect.
◉ Balanced analgesia. Answer: using more than one form of
analgesia concurrently to obtain more pain relief with fewer side
effects.
◉ Breakthrough Pain. Answer: a sudden and temporary increase in
pain occurring in a patient being managed with opioid analgesia.
◉ Endorphins and Enkephalins:. Answer: morphinelike substances
produced by the body. Primarily found in the central nervous system,
they have the potential to reduce pain.
,◉ Nociception. Answer: activation of sensory transduction in nerves
by thermal, mechanical, or chemical energy impinging on specialized
nerve endings; the nerves involved convey information about tissue
damage to the central nervous system
◉ Nociceptor:. Answer: a receptor preferentially sensitive to a
noxious stimulus.
◉ Non-nociceptor:. Answer: nerve fiber that usually does not transmit
pain.
◉ Opioid:. Answer: a morphinelike compound that produces bodily
effects including pain relief, sedation, constipation, and respiratory
depression.
◉ Pain. Answer: an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
resulting from actual or potential tissue damage.
◉ Pain Threshold:. Answer: the point at which a stimulus is perceived
as painful.
◉ Pain Tolerance. Answer: the maximum intensity or duration of pain
that a person is able to endure.
◉ Placebo Effect:. Answer: analgesia that results from the expectation
that a substance will work, not from the actual substance itself.
, ◉ Prostaglandins. Answer: chemical substances that increase the
sensitivity of pain receptors by enhancing the pain provoking effect of
bradykinin.
◉ Referred Pain. Answer: pain perceived as coming from an area
different from that in which the pathology is occurring.
◉ Sensitization. Answer: : a heightened response seen after exposure
to a noxious stimulus. Response to the same stimulus is to feel more
pain.
◉ Tolerance. Answer: occurs when a person who has been taking
opioids becomes less sensitive to their analgesic properties (and
usually side effects); characterized by the need for increasing doses to
maintain the same level of pain relief.
◉ Hyperalgesia. Answer: Increased sensation of pain in response to a
Normally painful stimulus.
◉ Allodynia. Answer: Sensation of pain from a stimulus that normally
does not produce pain (e.g., light touch).
◉ Dysesthesia. Answer: An unpleasant abnormal sensation that can
be either spontaneous or evoked.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VIEW AHEAD STUDY SHEET
◉ Addiction. Answer: a behavioral pattern of substance use
characterized by a compulsion to take the substance (drug or alcohol)
primarily to experience its psychic effects.
◉ Agonist. Answer: a substance that when combined with the
receptor produces the drug effect or desired effect
◉ Antagonist. Answer: a substance that blocks or reverses the effects
of the agonist by occupying the receptor site without producing the
drug effect.
◉ Balanced analgesia. Answer: using more than one form of
analgesia concurrently to obtain more pain relief with fewer side
effects.
◉ Breakthrough Pain. Answer: a sudden and temporary increase in
pain occurring in a patient being managed with opioid analgesia.
◉ Endorphins and Enkephalins:. Answer: morphinelike substances
produced by the body. Primarily found in the central nervous system,
they have the potential to reduce pain.
,◉ Nociception. Answer: activation of sensory transduction in nerves
by thermal, mechanical, or chemical energy impinging on specialized
nerve endings; the nerves involved convey information about tissue
damage to the central nervous system
◉ Nociceptor:. Answer: a receptor preferentially sensitive to a
noxious stimulus.
◉ Non-nociceptor:. Answer: nerve fiber that usually does not transmit
pain.
◉ Opioid:. Answer: a morphinelike compound that produces bodily
effects including pain relief, sedation, constipation, and respiratory
depression.
◉ Pain. Answer: an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
resulting from actual or potential tissue damage.
◉ Pain Threshold:. Answer: the point at which a stimulus is perceived
as painful.
◉ Pain Tolerance. Answer: the maximum intensity or duration of pain
that a person is able to endure.
◉ Placebo Effect:. Answer: analgesia that results from the expectation
that a substance will work, not from the actual substance itself.
, ◉ Prostaglandins. Answer: chemical substances that increase the
sensitivity of pain receptors by enhancing the pain provoking effect of
bradykinin.
◉ Referred Pain. Answer: pain perceived as coming from an area
different from that in which the pathology is occurring.
◉ Sensitization. Answer: : a heightened response seen after exposure
to a noxious stimulus. Response to the same stimulus is to feel more
pain.
◉ Tolerance. Answer: occurs when a person who has been taking
opioids becomes less sensitive to their analgesic properties (and
usually side effects); characterized by the need for increasing doses to
maintain the same level of pain relief.
◉ Hyperalgesia. Answer: Increased sensation of pain in response to a
Normally painful stimulus.
◉ Allodynia. Answer: Sensation of pain from a stimulus that normally
does not produce pain (e.g., light touch).
◉ Dysesthesia. Answer: An unpleasant abnormal sensation that can
be either spontaneous or evoked.
