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WGU C208 study guide | 2026 Update

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WGU C208 study guide | 2026 Update

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C208

Module 1

Leadership- process by which one person influences the thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors of others

Organizational change- act of making an organization something different from what it is currently

Change Management- process of managing change in an organization. Leaders understand the scope of
change, to make a persuasive case for it, and to help employees adjust to the new working conditions

Creativity- generation of new ideas by individuals and teams

Innovation- process of converting new ideas into products, business practices, and strategies that create
value

Organizational Culture- set of attitudes, beliefs, traditions, values, and customs individuals within an
organization have in common

Cultural Norms- the expected way to complete tasks

Organization Behavior- behavior of people within an organization

Social entrepreneurship- process of developing innovative solutions for society’s most pressing social
problems

Environmental Forces for Change-

 Socioeconomic- demographic, globalization, economic uncertainty
 Cultural- Changes in societal behavior, social pressure (movement to clean energy), changes in
values in employees/society
 Technological- rapid growth in computing power, life sciences, internet, big data/analytics
 Political- greater economic/regulatory oversight by government, taxes, increased use of legal
system (courts), greater sensitivity to questions of inequality, economic justice, sustainability

Bridges Transitional Model-

1. Ending, losing, and letting go- resistance, fear, sadness, anger, denial , shock
2. The neutral zone- frustration, confusion, overwhelmed, loss of morale/productivity, resentment
3. New beginning- frustration, disappointment, disenchantment, loss of comfort

The Change Curve Model-

 Stage one- Immobilization- denial, shock, relief
 Stage two- Minimization, depression- fear, anger, disruption, bargaining, resistance
 Stage three- Acceptance of reality, letting go, testing, search for meaning- acceptance,
adaptation, experimentation, discovery, exploration
 Stage four- internalization- integration

Cultural Web Model- an organizational culture model that reviews 6 cultural elements: stories,
rituals/routines, symbols, organizational structures, control systems, power structure

, Organizational Cultural Assessment Model- A model that categorizes an organization as having one of 4
types: Clan, adhocracy, market, or hierarchy

First, Second, Third Order change model

 First Order Change- conformative, doing things “better” as it relates to being more efficient and
effective
 Second Order Change- reformative, Knowing the “why” behind what we are doing. Critically
assessing the first order type of change
 Third Order Change- transformative, epistemic learning/change- shift of operative way of
knowing and thinking that frames people’s perception of, and interactions with, the world. This
view of transformative learning is a dramatic shift of consciousness

Sustainability- use of ecosystems and their resources in a manner that satisfies current needs without
compromising the needs/options of future generations

Sustainable Management- management that generates profits for owners, protects environment, and
improves lives of people it interacts

Bridges' Transitional A change process model with three stages: Ending, Losing, and Letting Go;
Model The Neutral Zone; and New Beginning.

A change process model that explores how individuals manage personal
Change Curve Model
change.

Change management The process of managing change in an organization.

Creativity The generation of new ideas by individuals and teams.

An organizational culture model that reviews six cultural elements: stories,
Cultural Web Model rituals and routines, symbols, organizational structure, control systems, and
power structure.

Cultural norms A culture's expectation of its members' behavior in any given situation.

First, Second, and Third A change process model that explores different orders of change: First
Order Change Model (conformative), Second (reformative), and Third (transformative).

The process by which an organization generates new ideas and converts
Innovation them into new products, business practices, and strategies that create
value.

The process by which one person influences the thoughts, attitudes, and
Leadership
behaviors of others.

Organizational Cultural A model that categorizes an organization as having one of four types of
Assessment Model culture: Clan, Adhocracy, Market, or Hierarchy.

Organizational behavior The study of how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations and

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