JD Next Exam 2026/2027 – Practice
Questions & Rationales (1-200)
Topic 1: Offer, Acceptance, & Consideration
Question 1
A local store advertises, "We will pay $100 to the first person who
correctly solves our puzzle by Friday." Maria solves the puzzle and
submits it on Thursday. When is a binding contract formed?
A. When the advertisement was posted
B. When Maria began solving the puzzle
C. When Maria submitted the correct solution
D. When the store pays the money
*Correct Answer: C. When Maria submitted the correct
solution. *
Rationale: This is a unilateral contract. The offer invites acceptance
by performance, not by a return promise. The contract is formed
when the offeree completes the requested act—submitting the
correct solution .
Question 2
In a FIRAC case brief, which section identifies the specific legal
question the court must resolve?
,A. Facts
B. Issue
C. Rule
D. Application
*Correct Answer: B. Issue. *
Rationale: The "Issue" section states the precise legal question the
court is deciding. It frames what is in dispute and must be answered
by the court's ruling .
Question 3
A developer's contract to design a website fails to state a
completion date. A court may imply a reasonable time for
completion. This is an example of:
A. An express condition
B. A constructive condition
C. A condition precedent
D. A condition subsequent
*Correct Answer: B. A constructive condition. *
Rationale: A constructive condition is a duty that is implied by law
to ensure fairness and justice. Where a contract is silent, the court
may imply that performance must occur within a reasonable time .
Question 4
In Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, the court enforced an
,exclusive agency agreement even though Wood made no express
promise to promote her designs. What legal principle did the
court apply?
A. The parol evidence rule
B. The pre-existing duty rule
C. An implied promise
D. The statute of frauds
*Correct Answer: C. An implied promise. *
Rationale: The court implied a promise by Wood to use reasonable
efforts to market Lady Duff-Gordon's designs. This made the
contract enforceable and illustrates that courts may imply
obligations to make a contract fair and workable .
Question 5
The objective theory of contracts states that:
A. A party's internal, secret intent controls.
B. A contract is only formed when both parties actually agree.
C. A contract is judged by the outward expressions of the parties,
not their hidden intentions.
D. Contracts must always be in writing.
*Correct Answer: C. A contract is judged by the outward
expressions of the parties, not their hidden intentions. *
Rationale: The objective theory evaluates whether a contract was
formed based on what a reasonable person would understand from
the parties' words and actions, not their subjective, unexpressed
thoughts .
, Question 6
A tenured professor is promised a raise as a thank you for five
years of exceptional service. The promise is made in the
professor's sixth year. Is this promise enforceable?
A. Yes, because the service was valuable.
B. It is not enforceable because the service is past consideration.
C. Yes, because the promise was made in writing.
D. No, because a raise must be based on future performance.
*Correct Answer: B. It is not enforceable because the service is
past consideration. *
Rationale: Past consideration (services already performed) is not
valid consideration because it was not bargained for in exchange
for the promise. The raise promise lacks consideration .
Question 7
What is the general rule regarding the adequacy of consideration?
A. Courts always review the fairness of the bargain.
B. Courts will not inquire into the adequacy of consideration
unless fraud or duress is involved.
C. Consideration must be roughly equal in value.
D. Inadequacy of consideration always makes a contract
unenforceable.
*Correct Answer: B. Courts will not inquire into the adequacy
of consideration unless fraud or duress is involved. *
Questions & Rationales (1-200)
Topic 1: Offer, Acceptance, & Consideration
Question 1
A local store advertises, "We will pay $100 to the first person who
correctly solves our puzzle by Friday." Maria solves the puzzle and
submits it on Thursday. When is a binding contract formed?
A. When the advertisement was posted
B. When Maria began solving the puzzle
C. When Maria submitted the correct solution
D. When the store pays the money
*Correct Answer: C. When Maria submitted the correct
solution. *
Rationale: This is a unilateral contract. The offer invites acceptance
by performance, not by a return promise. The contract is formed
when the offeree completes the requested act—submitting the
correct solution .
Question 2
In a FIRAC case brief, which section identifies the specific legal
question the court must resolve?
,A. Facts
B. Issue
C. Rule
D. Application
*Correct Answer: B. Issue. *
Rationale: The "Issue" section states the precise legal question the
court is deciding. It frames what is in dispute and must be answered
by the court's ruling .
Question 3
A developer's contract to design a website fails to state a
completion date. A court may imply a reasonable time for
completion. This is an example of:
A. An express condition
B. A constructive condition
C. A condition precedent
D. A condition subsequent
*Correct Answer: B. A constructive condition. *
Rationale: A constructive condition is a duty that is implied by law
to ensure fairness and justice. Where a contract is silent, the court
may imply that performance must occur within a reasonable time .
Question 4
In Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, the court enforced an
,exclusive agency agreement even though Wood made no express
promise to promote her designs. What legal principle did the
court apply?
A. The parol evidence rule
B. The pre-existing duty rule
C. An implied promise
D. The statute of frauds
*Correct Answer: C. An implied promise. *
Rationale: The court implied a promise by Wood to use reasonable
efforts to market Lady Duff-Gordon's designs. This made the
contract enforceable and illustrates that courts may imply
obligations to make a contract fair and workable .
Question 5
The objective theory of contracts states that:
A. A party's internal, secret intent controls.
B. A contract is only formed when both parties actually agree.
C. A contract is judged by the outward expressions of the parties,
not their hidden intentions.
D. Contracts must always be in writing.
*Correct Answer: C. A contract is judged by the outward
expressions of the parties, not their hidden intentions. *
Rationale: The objective theory evaluates whether a contract was
formed based on what a reasonable person would understand from
the parties' words and actions, not their subjective, unexpressed
thoughts .
, Question 6
A tenured professor is promised a raise as a thank you for five
years of exceptional service. The promise is made in the
professor's sixth year. Is this promise enforceable?
A. Yes, because the service was valuable.
B. It is not enforceable because the service is past consideration.
C. Yes, because the promise was made in writing.
D. No, because a raise must be based on future performance.
*Correct Answer: B. It is not enforceable because the service is
past consideration. *
Rationale: Past consideration (services already performed) is not
valid consideration because it was not bargained for in exchange
for the promise. The raise promise lacks consideration .
Question 7
What is the general rule regarding the adequacy of consideration?
A. Courts always review the fairness of the bargain.
B. Courts will not inquire into the adequacy of consideration
unless fraud or duress is involved.
C. Consideration must be roughly equal in value.
D. Inadequacy of consideration always makes a contract
unenforceable.
*Correct Answer: B. Courts will not inquire into the adequacy
of consideration unless fraud or duress is involved. *
