Nightingale College BSN 225 Exam 1 (pdf) | 2026/2027 | Health
Promotion Q&A | Nursing
1. Which level of prevention is a nurse practicing when administering a
seasonal influenza vaccine to an adult patient?
A) Tertiary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Quaternary Prevention
D) Primary Prevention
Correct Answer: Primary Prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and protection
against specific health problems before they occur. Immunizations are a
classic example, as they aim to prevent disease from developing in the first
place. Secondary prevention involves early detection, while tertiary focuses
on rehabilitation.
2. According to the Health Belief Model, which factor is most likely to
influence a patient's decision to quit smoking?
A) The availability of nicotine patches
B) The nurse's insistence on smoking cessation
C) The perception of personal susceptibility to lung cancer
D) The patient's insurance coverage for cessation programs
Correct Answer: The perception of personal susceptibility to lung cancer
Rationale: The Health Belief Model posits that an individual's perception of
susceptibility and the severity of a disease significantly influences their
health behaviors. If a patient believes they are personally at risk for lung
cancer, they are more likely to take action to quit smoking.
,3. A nurse is conducting a blood pressure screening at a local community
center. This activity represents which level of prevention?
A) Rehabilitation
B) Primary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Secondary Prevention
Correct Answer: Secondary Prevention
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection of disease,
prompt intervention, and health maintenance for those already experiencing
health problems. Screenings like blood pressure checks are designed to
identify health issues early, allowing for timely treatment.
4. In Pender's Health Promotion Model, which of the following is considered a
'behavior-specific cognition'?
A) Perceived benefits of action
B) Age and race
C) Genetic predisposition
D) Prior related behavior
Correct Answer: Perceived benefits of action
Rationale: In Pender's model, behavior-specific cognitions are modifiable
factors that influence health-promoting behaviors. Perceived benefits,
barriers, and self-efficacy are key examples. Age, race, and genetics are
considered modifying factors, not behavior-specific cognitions.
,5. Which of the following describes the 'Precontemplation' stage of the
Transtheoretical Model of Change?
A) The individual is planning to take action within the next month.
B) The individual is weighing the pros and cons of changing.
C) The individual has no intention of changing behavior in the near future.
D) The individual has consistently practiced the new behavior for six months.
Correct Answer: The individual has no intention of changing behavior in the
near future.
Rationale: The Precontemplation stage is characterized by a lack of intention
to change behavior in the foreseeable future. Individuals in this stage may be
unaware or underaware of the problem. Planning to act describes the
Preparation stage.
6. Which action is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
in a healthcare setting?
A) Wearing gloves at all times
B) Performing frequent hand hygiene
C) Using a mask for all patient contact
D) Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Correct Answer: Performing frequent hand hygiene
Rationale: Hand hygiene is widely recognized as the primary intervention for
preventing healthcare-associated infections. It removes transient
microorganisms easily picked up during patient care and protects both the
nurse and the patient from cross-contamination.
, 7. When identifying a patient before administering medication, which two
identifiers are most commonly used?
A) Room number and name
B) Diagnosis and date of birth
C) Social security number and weight
D) Full name and date of birth
Correct Answer: Full name and date of birth
Rationale: Using at least two patient identifiers is a Joint Commission safety
standard. The full name and date of birth are standard identifiers that are
unique to the individual. Room numbers should never be used because
patients frequently move between rooms.
8. A nurse is assessing a patient's radial pulse and finds it is irregular. What
should the nurse's next action be?
A) Wait 5 minutes and recheck the radial pulse
B) Notify the physician immediately
C) Document the pulse as absent
D) Measure the apical pulse for one full minute
Correct Answer: Measure the apical pulse for one full minute
Rationale: An irregular peripheral pulse warrants a more accurate
assessment using the apical site. Assessing the apical pulse for a full minute
allows the nurse to listen directly to the heart and count every beat,
providing a baseline for the heart rate and helping identify specific rhythm
abnormalities.
9. What is the primary purpose of the 'Nursing Process' in clinical practice?
Promotion Q&A | Nursing
1. Which level of prevention is a nurse practicing when administering a
seasonal influenza vaccine to an adult patient?
A) Tertiary Prevention
B) Secondary Prevention
C) Quaternary Prevention
D) Primary Prevention
Correct Answer: Primary Prevention
Rationale: Primary prevention focuses on health promotion and protection
against specific health problems before they occur. Immunizations are a
classic example, as they aim to prevent disease from developing in the first
place. Secondary prevention involves early detection, while tertiary focuses
on rehabilitation.
2. According to the Health Belief Model, which factor is most likely to
influence a patient's decision to quit smoking?
A) The availability of nicotine patches
B) The nurse's insistence on smoking cessation
C) The perception of personal susceptibility to lung cancer
D) The patient's insurance coverage for cessation programs
Correct Answer: The perception of personal susceptibility to lung cancer
Rationale: The Health Belief Model posits that an individual's perception of
susceptibility and the severity of a disease significantly influences their
health behaviors. If a patient believes they are personally at risk for lung
cancer, they are more likely to take action to quit smoking.
,3. A nurse is conducting a blood pressure screening at a local community
center. This activity represents which level of prevention?
A) Rehabilitation
B) Primary Prevention
C) Tertiary Prevention
D) Secondary Prevention
Correct Answer: Secondary Prevention
Rationale: Secondary prevention focuses on early detection of disease,
prompt intervention, and health maintenance for those already experiencing
health problems. Screenings like blood pressure checks are designed to
identify health issues early, allowing for timely treatment.
4. In Pender's Health Promotion Model, which of the following is considered a
'behavior-specific cognition'?
A) Perceived benefits of action
B) Age and race
C) Genetic predisposition
D) Prior related behavior
Correct Answer: Perceived benefits of action
Rationale: In Pender's model, behavior-specific cognitions are modifiable
factors that influence health-promoting behaviors. Perceived benefits,
barriers, and self-efficacy are key examples. Age, race, and genetics are
considered modifying factors, not behavior-specific cognitions.
,5. Which of the following describes the 'Precontemplation' stage of the
Transtheoretical Model of Change?
A) The individual is planning to take action within the next month.
B) The individual is weighing the pros and cons of changing.
C) The individual has no intention of changing behavior in the near future.
D) The individual has consistently practiced the new behavior for six months.
Correct Answer: The individual has no intention of changing behavior in the
near future.
Rationale: The Precontemplation stage is characterized by a lack of intention
to change behavior in the foreseeable future. Individuals in this stage may be
unaware or underaware of the problem. Planning to act describes the
Preparation stage.
6. Which action is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection
in a healthcare setting?
A) Wearing gloves at all times
B) Performing frequent hand hygiene
C) Using a mask for all patient contact
D) Administering prophylactic antibiotics
Correct Answer: Performing frequent hand hygiene
Rationale: Hand hygiene is widely recognized as the primary intervention for
preventing healthcare-associated infections. It removes transient
microorganisms easily picked up during patient care and protects both the
nurse and the patient from cross-contamination.
, 7. When identifying a patient before administering medication, which two
identifiers are most commonly used?
A) Room number and name
B) Diagnosis and date of birth
C) Social security number and weight
D) Full name and date of birth
Correct Answer: Full name and date of birth
Rationale: Using at least two patient identifiers is a Joint Commission safety
standard. The full name and date of birth are standard identifiers that are
unique to the individual. Room numbers should never be used because
patients frequently move between rooms.
8. A nurse is assessing a patient's radial pulse and finds it is irregular. What
should the nurse's next action be?
A) Wait 5 minutes and recheck the radial pulse
B) Notify the physician immediately
C) Document the pulse as absent
D) Measure the apical pulse for one full minute
Correct Answer: Measure the apical pulse for one full minute
Rationale: An irregular peripheral pulse warrants a more accurate
assessment using the apical site. Assessing the apical pulse for a full minute
allows the nurse to listen directly to the heart and count every beat,
providing a baseline for the heart rate and helping identify specific rhythm
abnormalities.
9. What is the primary purpose of the 'Nursing Process' in clinical practice?
