OHIO GXMO UPDATED TIPS QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔High Contrast - ✔✔A radiographic image with more black and white and fewer
shades of gray; also called short-scale contrast
✔✔HIPAA - ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
✔✔Image Critique - ✔✔A process by which you determine whether each radiographic
projection is correctly identified and marked, has acceptable diagnostic quality, and
meets minimum requirements.
✔✔Image Inversion - ✔✔A post processing technique where the bone appears black
and tissue appears white.
✔✔Image Receptor - ✔✔The device that transforms the x-ray beam into a visible
image; radiographic film or a phosphorescent screen
✔✔Incident Radiation - ✔✔The radiation beam prior to hitting the patient
✔✔Indirect conversion - ✔✔The x-ray energy is converted into light by means of a
scintillator, then converted into an electrical signal by means of a photodiode
✔✔Indirect effect - ✔✔When the x-ray photon causes water to break down forming free
radicals which damages DNA
✔✔Intesifying screens - ✔✔sensitive phosphor that converts x-rays exposure time and
reduce patient dose
✔✔Inverse Square law - ✔✔Law that states that the intensity of radiation at a location is
inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the source of radiation.
✔✔Inverse square law formula - ✔✔I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
, ✔✔Ion - ✔✔atom with too many or too few electrons; an electrically charged particle
✔✔Ion pair - ✔✔Two oppositely charged particles
✔✔ionization - ✔✔removal of an orbital electron from an atom
✔✔ionization chamber - ✔✔Instrument that detects and measures the radiation intensity
in areas outside of protective barriers
✔✔ionizing radiation - ✔✔radiation capable of ionization; produces positively and
negatively charged particles when passing through the body
✔✔isotropic - ✔✔equal intensity in all directions; have the same properties in all
directions
✔✔Kilovolt Peak (kVp) - ✔✔Measure of the maximum electrical potential across an x-
ray tube; x-ray quality; penetrating ability of x-rays
✔✔Late somatic effects - ✔✔Unpredictable radiation effects that occur long after
exposure which include cataractogenesis, carcinogenesis, life span shortening and
leukemia
✔✔Latent Image - ✔✔the unobservable image stored in the silver halide emulsion of
film; it is made visible by processing
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔denoting a position farther from the median plane or midline of the body
or a structure; pertaining to a side
✔✔Lead apparel - ✔✔Clothing such as aprons, gloves, glasses, and thyroid shields
which contains lead or equivalent material, to be worn as protection from ionizing
radiation
✔✔Line focus principle - ✔✔Used to reduce the effective area of the focal spot by
controlling by the size of the actual focal spot and the anode target angle
✔✔long-scale contrast - ✔✔a radiographic image with more shades of gray; also called
low contrast
✔✔low contrast - ✔✔a radiographic image with more shades of gray; also called long-
scale contrast
✔✔magnification - ✔✔condition in which the images on the radiograph are larger than
the object they represent
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔High Contrast - ✔✔A radiographic image with more black and white and fewer
shades of gray; also called short-scale contrast
✔✔HIPAA - ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
✔✔Image Critique - ✔✔A process by which you determine whether each radiographic
projection is correctly identified and marked, has acceptable diagnostic quality, and
meets minimum requirements.
✔✔Image Inversion - ✔✔A post processing technique where the bone appears black
and tissue appears white.
✔✔Image Receptor - ✔✔The device that transforms the x-ray beam into a visible
image; radiographic film or a phosphorescent screen
✔✔Incident Radiation - ✔✔The radiation beam prior to hitting the patient
✔✔Indirect conversion - ✔✔The x-ray energy is converted into light by means of a
scintillator, then converted into an electrical signal by means of a photodiode
✔✔Indirect effect - ✔✔When the x-ray photon causes water to break down forming free
radicals which damages DNA
✔✔Intesifying screens - ✔✔sensitive phosphor that converts x-rays exposure time and
reduce patient dose
✔✔Inverse Square law - ✔✔Law that states that the intensity of radiation at a location is
inversely proportional to the square of its distance from the source of radiation.
✔✔Inverse square law formula - ✔✔I1/I2 = D2^2/D1^2
, ✔✔Ion - ✔✔atom with too many or too few electrons; an electrically charged particle
✔✔Ion pair - ✔✔Two oppositely charged particles
✔✔ionization - ✔✔removal of an orbital electron from an atom
✔✔ionization chamber - ✔✔Instrument that detects and measures the radiation intensity
in areas outside of protective barriers
✔✔ionizing radiation - ✔✔radiation capable of ionization; produces positively and
negatively charged particles when passing through the body
✔✔isotropic - ✔✔equal intensity in all directions; have the same properties in all
directions
✔✔Kilovolt Peak (kVp) - ✔✔Measure of the maximum electrical potential across an x-
ray tube; x-ray quality; penetrating ability of x-rays
✔✔Late somatic effects - ✔✔Unpredictable radiation effects that occur long after
exposure which include cataractogenesis, carcinogenesis, life span shortening and
leukemia
✔✔Latent Image - ✔✔the unobservable image stored in the silver halide emulsion of
film; it is made visible by processing
✔✔Lateral - ✔✔denoting a position farther from the median plane or midline of the body
or a structure; pertaining to a side
✔✔Lead apparel - ✔✔Clothing such as aprons, gloves, glasses, and thyroid shields
which contains lead or equivalent material, to be worn as protection from ionizing
radiation
✔✔Line focus principle - ✔✔Used to reduce the effective area of the focal spot by
controlling by the size of the actual focal spot and the anode target angle
✔✔long-scale contrast - ✔✔a radiographic image with more shades of gray; also called
low contrast
✔✔low contrast - ✔✔a radiographic image with more shades of gray; also called long-
scale contrast
✔✔magnification - ✔✔condition in which the images on the radiograph are larger than
the object they represent
