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,Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
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Hockenberry: Wong’s Nursing Care of Infants and Children, 12thEd ition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE !
1. What is the major cause of death for children in the United States?
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a. Heart disease !
b. Childhood cancer !
c. Injuries
d. Congenital anomalies !
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Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence. The le
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ading cause of death for those younger than 1 year is congenital anomalies, and childhood cancers and heart
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disease cause a significantly lower percentage of deaths in children older than 1 yearof age.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding ! !
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TOP: Nursing Process: PlanningMSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion
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and Maintenance
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2. Parents of a hospitalized toddler ask the nurse, ―What is meant by family-
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centered care?‖ The nurseshould respond with which statement?
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a. Family-centeredcarereducestheeffectofculturaldiversityonthefamily.
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b. Family-centeredcareencouragesfamilydependenceonthehealthcaresystem. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
c. Family-centeredcarerecognizesthatthefamilyistheconstantinachild‘slife.
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d. Family-centeredcareavoidsexpectingfamiliestobepartofthedecision- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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makingprocess. !
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The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-
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centered care recognizes the family as the constant in the child‘s life. The family should be enabled and em
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powered to work with the health care system and is expected to be part of the decision-
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makingprocess. The nurse should also support the family‘s cultural diversity, not reduce its effect.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying ! !
TOP: Nursing Process: ImplementationMSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion
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and Maintenance
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3. Evidence-based practice (EBP), a decision-making model, is best described as which? ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
a. Usinginformationintextbookstoguidecare ! ! ! ! ! !
b. Combiningknowledgewithclinicalexperienceandintuition ! ! ! ! ! !
c. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
UsingaprofessionalcodeofethicsasameAns✅fordecisionmaking
d. Gatheringallevidencethatappliestothechild‘shealthandfamilysituation ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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B helps focus on measurable outcomes; the use of demonstrated, effective interventions; and questionin
EBP ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
g the best approach. EBP involves decision making based on the integration of the bestresearch evidence co
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mbined with clinical expertise and patient values.
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,Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering ! !
TOP: Nursing Process: PlanningMSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Care Environment
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4. The nurse is talking to a group of parents of school-age children at an after-
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school program aboutchildhood health problems. Which statement should the nurse include in the tea
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ching?
a. Childhoodobesityisthemostcommonnutritionalproblemamongchildren. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
b. Immunizationratesarethesameamongchildrenofdifferentracesandethnicity. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
c. Dentalcariesisnotaproblemcommonlyseeninchildrensincetheintroductionoffluorin
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ated water. !
d. Mentalhealthproblemsaretypicallynotseeninschool- ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
age children but may bediagnosed in adolescents.
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When teaching parents of school-! ! ! !
age children about childhood health problems, the nurse should include information about childhood obesit
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y because it is the most common problem among children and is associated with type 2 diabetes. Teaching p
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arents about ways to prevent obesity is important toinclude. Immunization rates differ depending on the chil
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d‘s race and ethnicity; dental caries continuesto be a common chronic disease in childhood; and mental healt
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h problems are seen in children as young as school age, not just in adolescents.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
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TOP: Integrated Process: Teaching/LearningMSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion
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and Maintenance
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5. The nurse is planning care for a hospitalized preschool-
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aged child. Which should the nurse plan toensure atraumatic care?
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a. Limitexplanationofproceduresbecausethechildispreschoolaged. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
b. Askthatallfamilymembersleavetheroomwhenperformingprocedures.
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c. Allow the child to choose the type of juice to drink with the administration of oralmedica
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tions.
d. Explain that EMLA cream cannot be used for the morning lab draw because thereis not
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time for it to be effective. ! ! ! ! !
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The overriding goal in providing atraumatic care is first, do no harm. Allowing the child, a choice ofjuice t
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o drink when taking oral medications provides the child with a sense of control. The preschoolchild shoul
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d be prepared before procedures, so limiting explanations of procedures would increase anxiety. The fam
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ily should be allowed to stay with the child during procedures, minimizing stress.
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Lidocaine/prilocaine (EMLA) cream is a topical local anesthetic. The nurse should plan to use theprescribed cre ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
am in time for morning laboratory draws to minimize pain.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying ! !
TOP: Nursing Process: PlanningMSC: Client Needs: Health Promotion ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
and Maintenance !
6. Which situation denotes a nontherapeutic nurse–patient–family relationship?
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a. The nurse is planning to read a favorite fairytale to a patient.
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b. Duringshiftreport,thenurseiscriticizingparentsfornotvisitingtheirchild. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
c. Thenurseisdiscussingwithafellownursetheemotionaldrawtoacertainpatient.
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d. The nurse is working with a familyto find ways to decrease thefamily‘sdependenceonh
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ealth care providers. ! !
, Wong's Nursing Care of Infants and Children 12th Edition by Hockenberry Test Bank
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B
Criticizing parents for not visiting in shift report is nontherapeutic and shows an under involvement with th
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e parents. Reading a fairy tale is a therapeutic and age-
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appropriate action. Discussing feelingsof an emotional draw with a fellow nurse is therapeutic and shows a
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willingness to understand feelings. Working with parents to decrease dependence on health care providers
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is therapeutic and helps to empower the family.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing ! !
TOP: Integrated Process: CaringMSC: Client Needs: Psychosocial Inte ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
grity
7. The nurse is aware that which age-
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group is at risk for childhood injury because of the cognitivecharacteristic of magical and egocentric
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thinking?
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a. Preschool
b. Youngschoolage ! !
c. Middleschoolage ! !
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d. Adolescent
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A
Preschool children have the cognitive characteristic of magical and egocentric thinking, meaning they are u
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nable to comprehend danger to self or others. Young and middle school-
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aged children have trAns✅itional cognitive processes, and they may attempt dangerous acts without detailed
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lanning but recognize danger to themselves or others. Adolescents have formal operational cognitive proces
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ses andare preoccupied with abstract thinking.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding ! !
TOP: Nursing Process: AssessmentMSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective
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Care Environment
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8. The school nurse is assessing children for risk factors related to childhood injuries. Which child hasthe m
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ost risk factors related to childhood injury?
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a. Female,multiplesiblings,stablehomelife ! ! ! ! !
b. Male,highactivitylevel,stressfulhomelife ! ! ! ! ! !
c. Male,eventempered,historyofpreviousinjuries ! ! ! ! ! !
d. Female,reactsnegativelytonewsituations,noseriouspreviousinjuries ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
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B
Boys have a preponderance for injuries over girls because of a difference in behavioral characteristics, a hig
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h activity temperament is associated with risk-
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taking behaviors, and stress predisposes children toincreased risk taking and self-
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destructive behaviors. Therefore, a male child with a high activity level and living in a stressful environment
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has the highest number of risk factors. A girl with several siblingsand a stable home life is low risk. A boy wit
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h previous injuries has two risk factors, but an even temperis not a risk factor for injuries. A girl who reacts ne
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gatively to new situations but has no previous serious illnesses has only one risk factor.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyzing ! !
TOP: Nursing Process: AssessmentMSC: Client Needs: Safe and Effective ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
Care Environment
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9. An adolescent patient wants to make decisions about treatment options, along with his parents. Whichmor
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al value is the nurse displaying when supporting the adolescent to make decisions?
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a. Justice