LGS 200 CORRECT FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Citation - ✔✔A written order requiring a person to appear in court instead of being
arrested.
✔✔Summons - ✔✔A court order directing a person to appear in court.
✔✔Capias - ✔✔A writ directing law enforcement to arrest a person who failed to
appear.
✔✔Bail - ✔✔Money or conditions set to ensure a defendant returns to court.
✔✔Excessive bail - ✔✔Bail higher than reasonably necessary, forbidden by the Eighth
Amendment.
✔✔Pretrial release - ✔✔Allowing a defendant to remain free pending trial under
conditions.
✔✔Pretrial detention - ✔✔Holding a defendant in custody until trial.
✔✔Pretrial motions - ✔✔Requests for court rulings before trial (e.g., suppress
evidence).
✔✔Motion to suppress - ✔✔Asks court to exclude illegally obtained evidence.
✔✔Motion to dismiss - ✔✔Seeks to terminate the case before trial.
✔✔Motion for continuance - ✔✔Requests delay of trial.
✔✔Motion for change of venue - ✔✔Requests moving the trial to another location due
to bias.
,✔✔Pretrial discovery - ✔✔Exchange of evidence between prosecution and defense.
✔✔Deposition - ✔✔Sworn out-of-court testimony for later use in trial.
✔✔Jencks Act - ✔✔Requires prosecution to give defense witnesses' prior statements
after they testify.
✔✔Opening statements - ✔✔Each side outlines what evidence will show.
✔✔Closing argument - ✔✔Summaries urging the jury toward a verdict.
✔✔Bench trial - ✔✔Trial before a judge instead of a jury.
✔✔Jury trial - ✔✔Trial where guilt is determined by a jury.
✔✔Voir dire - ✔✔Jury selection questioning.
✔✔Venire - ✔✔The pool of prospective jurors.
✔✔Peremptory challenges - ✔✔Removal of a juror without stating a reason.
✔✔Challenges for cause - ✔✔Removal of a juror due to demonstrated bias.
✔✔Jury instructions - ✔✔Directions given by the judge explaining the law to the jury.
✔✔Deadlocked jury - ✔✔A jury that cannot reach a unanimous verdict (hung jury).
✔✔Allen charge - ✔✔Judge's instruction urging a deadlocked jury to try again.
✔✔Sequestration - ✔✔Isolating jurors to prevent outside influence.
✔✔Leading questions - ✔✔Questions suggesting the answer, generally barred on direct
examination.
✔✔Right of confrontation - ✔✔Defendant's right to face and question witnesses.
✔✔Right of cross-examination - ✔✔Right to challenge prosecution witnesses'
testimony.
✔✔Directed verdict / Judgment of acquittal - ✔✔Judge's ruling that evidence is
insufficient to convict.
, ✔✔Foreperson - ✔✔Jury member who leads deliberations and announces the verdict.
✔✔Plea bargain / Plea bargaining - ✔✔Negotiated agreement where defendant pleads
guilty for concessions.
✔✔Plea of guilty - ✔✔Admission of guilt in court.
✔✔Plea of not guilty - ✔✔Denial of charges requiring the case to proceed.
✔✔No contest plea - ✔✔Defendant does not contest charges but does not admit guilt.
✔✔Allocution - ✔✔Defendant's formal statement acknowledging guilt before sentencing.
✔✔Sentencing hearing - ✔✔Court session where punishment is imposed.
✔✔Pronouncement of sentence - ✔✔Judge formally states the punishment in open
court.
✔✔Presentence investigation - ✔✔Report detailing defendant's background for
sentencing.
✔✔Sentencing guidelines - ✔✔Rules recommending sentencing ranges to reduce
disparities.
✔✔Mandatory sentencing - ✔✔Laws requiring fixed minimum punishment for certain
crimes.
✔✔Definite sentencing - ✔✔A fixed, exact term of imprisonment.
✔✔Determinate sentencing - ✔✔Judge imposes a set term with limited early release.
✔✔Indeterminate sentencing - ✔✔Sentence expressed as a range (e.g., 5-15 years).
✔✔Indefinite sentencing - ✔✔Allows parole authorities to determine release within
limits.
✔✔Suspended sentence - ✔✔Sentence delayed or not imposed if defendant follows
conditions.
✔✔Habitual offenders - ✔✔Repeat offenders subject to enhanced penalties.
✔✔Three strikes and you're out - ✔✔Laws requiring long sentences after a third serious
felony.
ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Citation - ✔✔A written order requiring a person to appear in court instead of being
arrested.
✔✔Summons - ✔✔A court order directing a person to appear in court.
✔✔Capias - ✔✔A writ directing law enforcement to arrest a person who failed to
appear.
✔✔Bail - ✔✔Money or conditions set to ensure a defendant returns to court.
✔✔Excessive bail - ✔✔Bail higher than reasonably necessary, forbidden by the Eighth
Amendment.
✔✔Pretrial release - ✔✔Allowing a defendant to remain free pending trial under
conditions.
✔✔Pretrial detention - ✔✔Holding a defendant in custody until trial.
✔✔Pretrial motions - ✔✔Requests for court rulings before trial (e.g., suppress
evidence).
✔✔Motion to suppress - ✔✔Asks court to exclude illegally obtained evidence.
✔✔Motion to dismiss - ✔✔Seeks to terminate the case before trial.
✔✔Motion for continuance - ✔✔Requests delay of trial.
✔✔Motion for change of venue - ✔✔Requests moving the trial to another location due
to bias.
,✔✔Pretrial discovery - ✔✔Exchange of evidence between prosecution and defense.
✔✔Deposition - ✔✔Sworn out-of-court testimony for later use in trial.
✔✔Jencks Act - ✔✔Requires prosecution to give defense witnesses' prior statements
after they testify.
✔✔Opening statements - ✔✔Each side outlines what evidence will show.
✔✔Closing argument - ✔✔Summaries urging the jury toward a verdict.
✔✔Bench trial - ✔✔Trial before a judge instead of a jury.
✔✔Jury trial - ✔✔Trial where guilt is determined by a jury.
✔✔Voir dire - ✔✔Jury selection questioning.
✔✔Venire - ✔✔The pool of prospective jurors.
✔✔Peremptory challenges - ✔✔Removal of a juror without stating a reason.
✔✔Challenges for cause - ✔✔Removal of a juror due to demonstrated bias.
✔✔Jury instructions - ✔✔Directions given by the judge explaining the law to the jury.
✔✔Deadlocked jury - ✔✔A jury that cannot reach a unanimous verdict (hung jury).
✔✔Allen charge - ✔✔Judge's instruction urging a deadlocked jury to try again.
✔✔Sequestration - ✔✔Isolating jurors to prevent outside influence.
✔✔Leading questions - ✔✔Questions suggesting the answer, generally barred on direct
examination.
✔✔Right of confrontation - ✔✔Defendant's right to face and question witnesses.
✔✔Right of cross-examination - ✔✔Right to challenge prosecution witnesses'
testimony.
✔✔Directed verdict / Judgment of acquittal - ✔✔Judge's ruling that evidence is
insufficient to convict.
, ✔✔Foreperson - ✔✔Jury member who leads deliberations and announces the verdict.
✔✔Plea bargain / Plea bargaining - ✔✔Negotiated agreement where defendant pleads
guilty for concessions.
✔✔Plea of guilty - ✔✔Admission of guilt in court.
✔✔Plea of not guilty - ✔✔Denial of charges requiring the case to proceed.
✔✔No contest plea - ✔✔Defendant does not contest charges but does not admit guilt.
✔✔Allocution - ✔✔Defendant's formal statement acknowledging guilt before sentencing.
✔✔Sentencing hearing - ✔✔Court session where punishment is imposed.
✔✔Pronouncement of sentence - ✔✔Judge formally states the punishment in open
court.
✔✔Presentence investigation - ✔✔Report detailing defendant's background for
sentencing.
✔✔Sentencing guidelines - ✔✔Rules recommending sentencing ranges to reduce
disparities.
✔✔Mandatory sentencing - ✔✔Laws requiring fixed minimum punishment for certain
crimes.
✔✔Definite sentencing - ✔✔A fixed, exact term of imprisonment.
✔✔Determinate sentencing - ✔✔Judge imposes a set term with limited early release.
✔✔Indeterminate sentencing - ✔✔Sentence expressed as a range (e.g., 5-15 years).
✔✔Indefinite sentencing - ✔✔Allows parole authorities to determine release within
limits.
✔✔Suspended sentence - ✔✔Sentence delayed or not imposed if defendant follows
conditions.
✔✔Habitual offenders - ✔✔Repeat offenders subject to enhanced penalties.
✔✔Three strikes and you're out - ✔✔Laws requiring long sentences after a third serious
felony.
