CNT Exam UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Role of immune system - CORRECT ANSWER Differentiate self from non self
Natural barriers include? - CORRECT ANSWER Intact skin, mucous membranes of the nose,
throat, urethra and rectum, stomach acid and a healthy respiratory mucosa
Other factors in the immune response that protect the body from invasion and infection are the
activity of? - CORRECT ANSWER Epithelial skin layer, mucus membranes and cleaning
effects of tears, urine and vaginal secretions
Microbes can enter the body through - CORRECT ANSWER Breaks in the skin or an orifice
(mouth, nose, urethra, etc)
What are potential sources of infectious disease in an acupuncture setting? - CORRECT ANSWER
Skin of practitioners and patients hands, blood, saliva, swear, nasal and other bodily secretions,
dust, clothing and hair
Autogenous - CORRECT ANSWER Infections created when pathogens already present in the
person are moved into the body or to another location within the body where they are pathogens
Example of autogenous - CORRECT ANSWER Impetigo where normal skin bacteria enter
into subcutaneous areas through a break of the skin and set up a pustule
Cross infections - CORRECT ANSWER Pathogens accrued from another person or by the
environment
Most serious cross infections include? - CORRECT ANSWER HBV, HIV, MRSA
What are the 5 types of hepatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER a, b, c, d, e
What two Hepatitis viruses are transmitted fecal-orally - CORRECT ANSWER A and E
,What hepatitis are transmitted by blood or sexual contact? - CORRECT ANSWER B, C, D
What hepatitis vaccine should health practitioners get? - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatitis B
As a health care worker are you legally required to get the HBV vaccine? - CORRECT ANSWER
No
Hepatitis A is common infection in conditions of? - CORRECT ANSWER Poor sanitation and
over crowding
HAV is transmitted through? - CORRECT ANSWER Fecal contaminated food and water and
contaminated blood on hands
HAV may spread through? - CORRECT ANSWER Sexual contact
Incubation period for HAV is? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 to 50 days
Average incubation period for HAV - CORRECT ANSWER 28 days
Are HAV infections a sudden or gradual onset of S&S? - CORRECT ANSWER Sudden
How long do HAV S&S last? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 2 months
S&S of HAV include - CORRECT ANSWER abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, fatigue,
nausea, dark urine and jaundice
How many people have prolonged or replacing course of illness lasting as long as 6 to 9 months for
HAV? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 percent
Can people who had HAV be reinfected? - CORRECT ANSWER No
, Is there a vaccine for HAV and is it routinely recommended by the CDC for health care workers? -
CORRECT ANSWER Yes and no
How long can HAV live outside the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Months
How is the HAV killed? - CORRECT ANSWER By heating to >185 degrees for 1 minute
HBV is mainly spread by - CORRECT ANSWER blood, blood products AND semen.
Can HBV cause a lifelong infection? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes
Ongoing transmission of HBV is found among people who are - CORRECT ANSWER
unvaccinated with behavioral risks
How long can HBV survive outside the body? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 days
Can HBV be treated? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes, but the risk of chronic hepatitis is
significant
People at risk for HBV include? - CORRECT ANSWER Crowded or unsanitary conditions,
have multiple sex partners, men who have homosexual contact, live in the same house as someone
with chronic HBV, have sex someone infected, have hemophilia, patient or work in home for disabled,
injection drug users
Is HBV spread through spring utensils, casual contact, contained water/food or breastfeeding? -
CORRECT ANSWER No
when was the HBV vaccine made? - CORRECT ANSWER 1981
How long is the incubation period for HBV? - CORRECT ANSWER 45-160 days
CORRECT ANSWERS
Role of immune system - CORRECT ANSWER Differentiate self from non self
Natural barriers include? - CORRECT ANSWER Intact skin, mucous membranes of the nose,
throat, urethra and rectum, stomach acid and a healthy respiratory mucosa
Other factors in the immune response that protect the body from invasion and infection are the
activity of? - CORRECT ANSWER Epithelial skin layer, mucus membranes and cleaning
effects of tears, urine and vaginal secretions
Microbes can enter the body through - CORRECT ANSWER Breaks in the skin or an orifice
(mouth, nose, urethra, etc)
What are potential sources of infectious disease in an acupuncture setting? - CORRECT ANSWER
Skin of practitioners and patients hands, blood, saliva, swear, nasal and other bodily secretions,
dust, clothing and hair
Autogenous - CORRECT ANSWER Infections created when pathogens already present in the
person are moved into the body or to another location within the body where they are pathogens
Example of autogenous - CORRECT ANSWER Impetigo where normal skin bacteria enter
into subcutaneous areas through a break of the skin and set up a pustule
Cross infections - CORRECT ANSWER Pathogens accrued from another person or by the
environment
Most serious cross infections include? - CORRECT ANSWER HBV, HIV, MRSA
What are the 5 types of hepatitis? - CORRECT ANSWER a, b, c, d, e
What two Hepatitis viruses are transmitted fecal-orally - CORRECT ANSWER A and E
,What hepatitis are transmitted by blood or sexual contact? - CORRECT ANSWER B, C, D
What hepatitis vaccine should health practitioners get? - CORRECT ANSWER Hepatitis B
As a health care worker are you legally required to get the HBV vaccine? - CORRECT ANSWER
No
Hepatitis A is common infection in conditions of? - CORRECT ANSWER Poor sanitation and
over crowding
HAV is transmitted through? - CORRECT ANSWER Fecal contaminated food and water and
contaminated blood on hands
HAV may spread through? - CORRECT ANSWER Sexual contact
Incubation period for HAV is? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 to 50 days
Average incubation period for HAV - CORRECT ANSWER 28 days
Are HAV infections a sudden or gradual onset of S&S? - CORRECT ANSWER Sudden
How long do HAV S&S last? - CORRECT ANSWER less than 2 months
S&S of HAV include - CORRECT ANSWER abdominal discomfort, loss of appetite, fatigue,
nausea, dark urine and jaundice
How many people have prolonged or replacing course of illness lasting as long as 6 to 9 months for
HAV? - CORRECT ANSWER 15 percent
Can people who had HAV be reinfected? - CORRECT ANSWER No
, Is there a vaccine for HAV and is it routinely recommended by the CDC for health care workers? -
CORRECT ANSWER Yes and no
How long can HAV live outside the body? - CORRECT ANSWER Months
How is the HAV killed? - CORRECT ANSWER By heating to >185 degrees for 1 minute
HBV is mainly spread by - CORRECT ANSWER blood, blood products AND semen.
Can HBV cause a lifelong infection? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes
Ongoing transmission of HBV is found among people who are - CORRECT ANSWER
unvaccinated with behavioral risks
How long can HBV survive outside the body? - CORRECT ANSWER 7 days
Can HBV be treated? - CORRECT ANSWER Yes, but the risk of chronic hepatitis is
significant
People at risk for HBV include? - CORRECT ANSWER Crowded or unsanitary conditions,
have multiple sex partners, men who have homosexual contact, live in the same house as someone
with chronic HBV, have sex someone infected, have hemophilia, patient or work in home for disabled,
injection drug users
Is HBV spread through spring utensils, casual contact, contained water/food or breastfeeding? -
CORRECT ANSWER No
when was the HBV vaccine made? - CORRECT ANSWER 1981
How long is the incubation period for HBV? - CORRECT ANSWER 45-160 days
