ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCES GALEN
COLLEGE OF NURSING CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◉ S/S of Hypokalemia.
Answer: Alkalosis
Shallow Respirations
Irritability
Confusion/Drowsiness
Weakness/ Fatigue
Arrhythmias/ Irregular Rate/ Tachycardia
Lethargy
Thready Pulse
Decreased Intestinal Motility
N/V
Ileus
◉ Tx of Hypokalemia.
Answer: Give K+
Spironolactone (Aldactone) makes them retain K+
, Eat more K+(Avocados, Bananas, Potatoes, Spinach, Beans, Citrus
Juice, Fish)
◉ Nursing Interventions for Hypokalemia.
Answer: K+ foods: potatoes, avocados, cantaloupes, broccoli
oral K+ supplements (w/ diuretics)
monitor EKG, monitor breath sounds & pulse ox, IV supplements but
NEVER IV push!!
More at risk for Digoxin Toxicity
◉ Causes of Hyperkalemia.
Answer: Kidney Failure
Diet
Uncontrolled Diabetes
K+ Sparing Diuretic
Salt Substitutes
◉ S/S of Hyperkalemia.
Answer: MURDER
*Muscle weakness, abdominal cramps
*Urine (oliguria, anuria)
*Resp distress
COLLEGE OF NURSING CERTIFICATION
EVALUATION 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
◉ S/S of Hypokalemia.
Answer: Alkalosis
Shallow Respirations
Irritability
Confusion/Drowsiness
Weakness/ Fatigue
Arrhythmias/ Irregular Rate/ Tachycardia
Lethargy
Thready Pulse
Decreased Intestinal Motility
N/V
Ileus
◉ Tx of Hypokalemia.
Answer: Give K+
Spironolactone (Aldactone) makes them retain K+
, Eat more K+(Avocados, Bananas, Potatoes, Spinach, Beans, Citrus
Juice, Fish)
◉ Nursing Interventions for Hypokalemia.
Answer: K+ foods: potatoes, avocados, cantaloupes, broccoli
oral K+ supplements (w/ diuretics)
monitor EKG, monitor breath sounds & pulse ox, IV supplements but
NEVER IV push!!
More at risk for Digoxin Toxicity
◉ Causes of Hyperkalemia.
Answer: Kidney Failure
Diet
Uncontrolled Diabetes
K+ Sparing Diuretic
Salt Substitutes
◉ S/S of Hyperkalemia.
Answer: MURDER
*Muscle weakness, abdominal cramps
*Urine (oliguria, anuria)
*Resp distress