UCLA LINGUISTICS INTRODUCTION
CERTIFICATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥derivational morphemes. Answer: - bound morphemes that change
word's meanings and the part of speech
- less productive than inflectional morphemes
- examples: -able, re-, -ly, -ish, pre-
⩥word trees. Answer: represent the order in which affixes attach to
words
⩥difference between un-lockable vs unlock-able. Answer: un-lockable =
incapable of being locked
unlock-able = capable of being unlocked
⩥prefix. Answer: affixes that attach before the root
⩥Suffix. Answer: affixes that attach after the root
⩥infix. Answer: affix that attaches inside the root
,⩥circumfix. Answer: affixes that surround the root both initially and
finally
⩥infixation. Answer: putting a morpheme within a root
- ex. expletive infixation (un-freaking-believeable)
⩥allomorphy. Answer: a single morpheme has different pronunciations
⩥allomorphs of -s or -es. Answer: [z] follows voiced sounds
[s] follows voiceless sounds
[iz] follow sibilants (hissing quality; sibilants: s, z, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ)
⩥inflection. Answer: inflectional morphemes typically occur after
derivational moprhemes in a word
- commit + ment + s (RIGHT)
- commit + s + ment (WRONG)
⩥case marking. Answer: words must appear in particular forms
depending on what grammatical functions they fulfill
ex. I love them vs They love me (If its me doing the loving then I say
"I," but its i'm the one being loved, then I say "me")
, ⩥reduplication. Answer: - forming new words by duplicating part of all
of an existing word
- in English, we use Constrastive Focus Reduplication
⩥Constrastive Focus Reduplication. Answer: - puts focus on the most
prototypical, stereotypical example of something
- Ex. Do you like him or do you like-like him
⩥singlish's use of reduplication. Answer: noun reduplication: adds
closeness, endearment (ex. Where is your boy-boy? (Boyfriend, son))
adjectival reduplication: intensification of meaning of the adjective (ex.
Don't always sweet-sweet things)
verb reduplication: once = to do something a little bit (She cry-cry);
twice= to do something continuously (She cry-cry-cry)
⩥be deletion. Answer: 'is' and 'are' are deleted in AAVE where SAE does
contractions
ex. He's nice vs He nice
⩥geographic variation example. Answer: - American English vs British
English
- bathroom vs loo
⩥variation based on race or ethnicity example. Answer: - AAVE vs SAE
CERTIFICATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
⩥derivational morphemes. Answer: - bound morphemes that change
word's meanings and the part of speech
- less productive than inflectional morphemes
- examples: -able, re-, -ly, -ish, pre-
⩥word trees. Answer: represent the order in which affixes attach to
words
⩥difference between un-lockable vs unlock-able. Answer: un-lockable =
incapable of being locked
unlock-able = capable of being unlocked
⩥prefix. Answer: affixes that attach before the root
⩥Suffix. Answer: affixes that attach after the root
⩥infix. Answer: affix that attaches inside the root
,⩥circumfix. Answer: affixes that surround the root both initially and
finally
⩥infixation. Answer: putting a morpheme within a root
- ex. expletive infixation (un-freaking-believeable)
⩥allomorphy. Answer: a single morpheme has different pronunciations
⩥allomorphs of -s or -es. Answer: [z] follows voiced sounds
[s] follows voiceless sounds
[iz] follow sibilants (hissing quality; sibilants: s, z, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ)
⩥inflection. Answer: inflectional morphemes typically occur after
derivational moprhemes in a word
- commit + ment + s (RIGHT)
- commit + s + ment (WRONG)
⩥case marking. Answer: words must appear in particular forms
depending on what grammatical functions they fulfill
ex. I love them vs They love me (If its me doing the loving then I say
"I," but its i'm the one being loved, then I say "me")
, ⩥reduplication. Answer: - forming new words by duplicating part of all
of an existing word
- in English, we use Constrastive Focus Reduplication
⩥Constrastive Focus Reduplication. Answer: - puts focus on the most
prototypical, stereotypical example of something
- Ex. Do you like him or do you like-like him
⩥singlish's use of reduplication. Answer: noun reduplication: adds
closeness, endearment (ex. Where is your boy-boy? (Boyfriend, son))
adjectival reduplication: intensification of meaning of the adjective (ex.
Don't always sweet-sweet things)
verb reduplication: once = to do something a little bit (She cry-cry);
twice= to do something continuously (She cry-cry-cry)
⩥be deletion. Answer: 'is' and 'are' are deleted in AAVE where SAE does
contractions
ex. He's nice vs He nice
⩥geographic variation example. Answer: - American English vs British
English
- bathroom vs loo
⩥variation based on race or ethnicity example. Answer: - AAVE vs SAE
