BIO 264 COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
skeletal/voluntary muscle
"soma" - move your body - ✔✔Somatic Nervous System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
Contains the Spine and Brain: - ✔✔Central Nervous System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
sympathetic division and parasympathetic division as well as enteric division -
✔✔Autonomic System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
Contains the Sensory and motor neurons.
Sends signals back and forth to the Brain - ✔✔Peripheral Nervous System
✔✔transportation of signal away from soma is called _______? - ✔✔Anterograde
transport
✔✔Name the Structure related to the neuron:
*fatty/lipid rich sheath surrounding axon
*causes Na+ clusters at nodes
*increases saltatory conduction (Action potential from node to node) - ✔✔Myelin
✔✔transportation of a signal towards soma is called _______? - ✔✔retrograde
transport
✔✔Define each part of the Neuron:
Soma
Dendrite
, Axon
Axon Terminal
Axon Hillock - ✔✔Soma: Neuron cell body, synthesizes proteins
Dendrite: Branches off soma, binds to neurotransmitters-short
Axon: extension from soma-long-has microtubles inside and myelin outside
Axon Terminal: end of axon-converts electrical signal into chemical signal through
synaptic transmission
Axon Hillock: Where axon connects to soma
✔✔An exposed axon between myelin sheath is called the __________? - ✔✔Node of
Ranvier
✔✔Afferent neurons that transmit information from sensory receptors in the skin or the
internal organs toward the CNS for processing are called? - ✔✔Sensory Neurons
✔✔Efferent neurons that transmit information away from the CNS toward some type of
effector are called? - ✔✔Motor Neurons
✔✔Neurons that are located between motor and sensory pathways and are highly
involved in signal integration are called? - ✔✔Interneurons
✔✔Name this synapse:
-found in heart
-neural membranes linked by connexons (proteins) in gap junctions (where membranes
meet)
-faster conduction time than chemical synapse - ✔✔Electrical Synapse
✔✔Name this Synapse:
neural membranes close but distinct
*most common* - ✔✔Chemical Synapse
✔✔chemicals used in synapse to communicate message are called> -
✔✔Neurotransmitter
✔✔Define each part of the Synapse:
Presynaptic Terminal:
Postsynaptic Terminal:
Synaptic Cleft: - ✔✔Presynaptic Terminal: releases neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft
Postsynaptic Terminal: receives neurotransmitters during synapse
Synaptic Cleft: narrow space between PRE and POST synaptic cleft
✔✔A Neurotransmitter that causes depolarization (caused by opening Na+ and Ca++
channels) - ✔✔Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential (EPSP)
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
skeletal/voluntary muscle
"soma" - move your body - ✔✔Somatic Nervous System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
Contains the Spine and Brain: - ✔✔Central Nervous System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
sympathetic division and parasympathetic division as well as enteric division -
✔✔Autonomic System
✔✔Name this division of the Nervous System:
Contains the Sensory and motor neurons.
Sends signals back and forth to the Brain - ✔✔Peripheral Nervous System
✔✔transportation of signal away from soma is called _______? - ✔✔Anterograde
transport
✔✔Name the Structure related to the neuron:
*fatty/lipid rich sheath surrounding axon
*causes Na+ clusters at nodes
*increases saltatory conduction (Action potential from node to node) - ✔✔Myelin
✔✔transportation of a signal towards soma is called _______? - ✔✔retrograde
transport
✔✔Define each part of the Neuron:
Soma
Dendrite
, Axon
Axon Terminal
Axon Hillock - ✔✔Soma: Neuron cell body, synthesizes proteins
Dendrite: Branches off soma, binds to neurotransmitters-short
Axon: extension from soma-long-has microtubles inside and myelin outside
Axon Terminal: end of axon-converts electrical signal into chemical signal through
synaptic transmission
Axon Hillock: Where axon connects to soma
✔✔An exposed axon between myelin sheath is called the __________? - ✔✔Node of
Ranvier
✔✔Afferent neurons that transmit information from sensory receptors in the skin or the
internal organs toward the CNS for processing are called? - ✔✔Sensory Neurons
✔✔Efferent neurons that transmit information away from the CNS toward some type of
effector are called? - ✔✔Motor Neurons
✔✔Neurons that are located between motor and sensory pathways and are highly
involved in signal integration are called? - ✔✔Interneurons
✔✔Name this synapse:
-found in heart
-neural membranes linked by connexons (proteins) in gap junctions (where membranes
meet)
-faster conduction time than chemical synapse - ✔✔Electrical Synapse
✔✔Name this Synapse:
neural membranes close but distinct
*most common* - ✔✔Chemical Synapse
✔✔chemicals used in synapse to communicate message are called> -
✔✔Neurotransmitter
✔✔Define each part of the Synapse:
Presynaptic Terminal:
Postsynaptic Terminal:
Synaptic Cleft: - ✔✔Presynaptic Terminal: releases neurotransmitters into synaptic cleft
Postsynaptic Terminal: receives neurotransmitters during synapse
Synaptic Cleft: narrow space between PRE and POST synaptic cleft
✔✔A Neurotransmitter that causes depolarization (caused by opening Na+ and Ca++
channels) - ✔✔Excitatory Post Synaptic Potential (EPSP)
