IVY TECH APHY 101 Midterm Exam REVIEW
2026/2027 MOST RECENT QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
• Bone cells form concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called . CORRECT
ANSWER: central canals
• A body has been sectioned in such a way that there is one whole lung per section
and the urinary bladder has been split in half. What type of section is this? .
CORRECT ANSWER: sagittal
• Which type of tissue lines the follicles of the thyroid glands? . CORRECT
ANSWER: simple cuboidal epithelium
• The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place in the . CORRECT
ANSWER: cytoplasm
• Which action is the main function of the digestive system? . CORRECT
ANSWER: absorption of nutrients
• A cell is surrounded by an extremely thin, flexible membrane. Why is the
membrane selectively permeable? . CORRECT ANSWER: It allows some
substances to pass through and excludes others based on size, polarity, and other
factors.
• What type of tissue is adipose tissue? . CORRECT ANSWER: connective tissue
• The human integumentary system includes . CORRECT ANSWER: skin, nails,
hair follicles, and sweat glands
,• DNA and RNA differ in that . CORRECT ANSWER: DNA holds genetic
information and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein.
• Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires . CORRECT
ANSWER: negative feedback mechanism
• Transcription and translation differ in that . CORRECT ANSWER: transcription
produces RNA and translation produces protein.
• Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a . CORRECT ANSWER: network
of interconnected membranes
• The major blood vessels that supply the skin are in the . CORRECT ANSWER:
dermis
• Matter is composed of elements, which are composed of __________. .
CORRECT ANSWER: atoms
• For which of the following organelles are the structure and function correctly
described? . CORRECT ANSWER: Endoplasmic reticulum—a network of
interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals that packages protein
molecules for secretion
• Which of the following are cellular fragments? . CORRECT ANSWER: blood
platelets
,• Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body
are balanced and heat and pressure __________. . CORRECT ANSWER: remain
within certain limited ranges
• An isotonic solution . CORRECT ANSWER: has the same osmotic pressure as
the cells in the solution
• Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions is correct? .
CORRECT ANSWER: Circulation—the movement of substances in body fluids
• Which of the following characteristics is used to name tissue types? . CORRECT
ANSWER: organization of cells
• The isotope most likely to be used to study the thyroid gland is . CORRECT
ANSWER: iodine-131
• The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many of the urinary
passageways is . CORRECT ANSWER: transitional
• ATP is important to cellular processes because it . CORRECT ANSWER:
provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken.
• In phagocytosis . CORRECT ANSWER: a cell membrane engulfs solid particles.
• Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because . CORRECT
ANSWER: physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
• A burn affecting only the epidermis is a . CORRECT ANSWER: superficial
partial-thickness burn
, • In treating a burn patient, the "rule of nines" is used to estimate the . CORRECT
ANSWER: surface area of the burn.
• Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n) . CORRECT ANSWER:
tissue
• A complete atom is electrically neutral because . CORRECT ANSWER: the
number of electrons equals the number of protons.
• Involuntary muscle tissues are . CORRECT ANSWER: smooth muscle tissue
and cardiac muscle tissue
• Bone cells and muscle cells differ in structure and function because . CORRECT
ANSWER: each expresses a different subset of genes.
• If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the
concentration inside, . CORRECT ANSWER: water will leave the cell by osmosis
• Exposure to ultraviolet radiation greatly increases the risk of developing .
CORRECT ANSWER: skin cancer
• Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA? . CORRECT
ANSWER: thymine
• The pH scale measures the . CORRECT ANSWER: concentration of hydrogen
ions
2026/2027 MOST RECENT QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
• Bone cells form concentric circles around longitudinal tubes called . CORRECT
ANSWER: central canals
• A body has been sectioned in such a way that there is one whole lung per section
and the urinary bladder has been split in half. What type of section is this? .
CORRECT ANSWER: sagittal
• Which type of tissue lines the follicles of the thyroid glands? . CORRECT
ANSWER: simple cuboidal epithelium
• The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place in the . CORRECT
ANSWER: cytoplasm
• Which action is the main function of the digestive system? . CORRECT
ANSWER: absorption of nutrients
• A cell is surrounded by an extremely thin, flexible membrane. Why is the
membrane selectively permeable? . CORRECT ANSWER: It allows some
substances to pass through and excludes others based on size, polarity, and other
factors.
• What type of tissue is adipose tissue? . CORRECT ANSWER: connective tissue
• The human integumentary system includes . CORRECT ANSWER: skin, nails,
hair follicles, and sweat glands
,• DNA and RNA differ in that . CORRECT ANSWER: DNA holds genetic
information and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein.
• Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires . CORRECT
ANSWER: negative feedback mechanism
• Transcription and translation differ in that . CORRECT ANSWER: transcription
produces RNA and translation produces protein.
• Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a . CORRECT ANSWER: network
of interconnected membranes
• The major blood vessels that supply the skin are in the . CORRECT ANSWER:
dermis
• Matter is composed of elements, which are composed of __________. .
CORRECT ANSWER: atoms
• For which of the following organelles are the structure and function correctly
described? . CORRECT ANSWER: Endoplasmic reticulum—a network of
interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals that packages protein
molecules for secretion
• Which of the following are cellular fragments? . CORRECT ANSWER: blood
platelets
,• Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body
are balanced and heat and pressure __________. . CORRECT ANSWER: remain
within certain limited ranges
• An isotonic solution . CORRECT ANSWER: has the same osmotic pressure as
the cells in the solution
• Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions is correct? .
CORRECT ANSWER: Circulation—the movement of substances in body fluids
• Which of the following characteristics is used to name tissue types? . CORRECT
ANSWER: organization of cells
• The isotope most likely to be used to study the thyroid gland is . CORRECT
ANSWER: iodine-131
• The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many of the urinary
passageways is . CORRECT ANSWER: transitional
• ATP is important to cellular processes because it . CORRECT ANSWER:
provides energy for cellular work when the terminal, high-energy bond is broken.
• In phagocytosis . CORRECT ANSWER: a cell membrane engulfs solid particles.
• Anatomy and physiology are difficult to separate because . CORRECT
ANSWER: physiological functions depend on anatomical structures.
• A burn affecting only the epidermis is a . CORRECT ANSWER: superficial
partial-thickness burn
, • In treating a burn patient, the "rule of nines" is used to estimate the . CORRECT
ANSWER: surface area of the burn.
• Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n) . CORRECT ANSWER:
tissue
• A complete atom is electrically neutral because . CORRECT ANSWER: the
number of electrons equals the number of protons.
• Involuntary muscle tissues are . CORRECT ANSWER: smooth muscle tissue
and cardiac muscle tissue
• Bone cells and muscle cells differ in structure and function because . CORRECT
ANSWER: each expresses a different subset of genes.
• If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the
concentration inside, . CORRECT ANSWER: water will leave the cell by osmosis
• Exposure to ultraviolet radiation greatly increases the risk of developing .
CORRECT ANSWER: skin cancer
• Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA? . CORRECT
ANSWER: thymine
• The pH scale measures the . CORRECT ANSWER: concentration of hydrogen
ions
