NUR 155 GALEN COLLEGE
Exams 2, 3 & 4 Combined · 2025 Update · 150+
Questions[Date]
with Answers & Rationales · 100%
Correct
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXAM 2 – Pharmacology & Medication Administration
EXAM 3 – Cardiovascular & Respiratory Pharmacology
EXAM 4 – Endocrine, Neurologic & Psychiatric Pharmacology
Conclusion & Study Tips
, EXAM 2 – PHARMACOLOGY & MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a high first-pass effect. Which route of
administration would avoid this effect?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Subcutaneous
D. Intramuscular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration bypasses the first-pass effect by allowing the medication to be absorbed
directly into the bloodstream through the sublingual mucosa .
2. A medication is 95% protein-bound. Which statement about this medication is true?
A. It has a large volume of distribution.
B. It is readily excreted by the kidneys.
C. A small change in protein binding can significantly affect the free drug concentration.
D. It is administered with a high-fat meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With high protein binding, the unbound (free) fraction is small, so any displacement can greatly
increase free drug levels .
3. A nurse is reviewing a medication order that reads "amoxicillin 500 mg PO BID." What does BID
indicate?
A. Once daily
B. Twice daily
C. Three times daily
D. Four times daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BID stands for "bis in die" (twice daily) .
4. A client is prescribed a medication that requires therapeutic drug monitoring. The nurse should draw a
blood sample for a trough level:
A. 30 minutes after the dose is administered
B. 1 hour after the dose is administered
C. Just before the next dose is administered
D. 2 hours after the dose is administered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A trough level is drawn just before the next dose to measure the lowest concentration of the drug in
the blood .
Page 1 of 42
,5. A patient has a drug half-life of 8 hours. How long will it take for the drug to reach a steady state?
A. 24 hours
B. 32 hours
C. 40 hours
D. 48 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Steady state is reached after approximately 4-5 half-lives .
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteric-coated tablet. Which instruction is most important?
A. Chew the tablet for faster absorption
B. Crush the tablet and mix with food
C. Swallow the tablet whole
D. Dissolve the tablet in water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets should be swallowed whole to prevent destruction of the coating .
7. Which of the following describes an adverse effect of a medication?
A. A predictable, dose-related effect
B. An unintended, harmful response
C. A desired therapeutic effect
D. A psychological response
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An adverse effect is an unintended, harmful response to a medication .
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a medication that is excreted renally. Which laboratory
value should be monitored?
A. Serum creatinine
B. Liver enzymes
C. Cardiac enzymes
D. Complete blood count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal function should be monitored for medications excreted by the kidneys .
9. A client is prescribed a medication that is a CYP450 inducer. The nurse should monitor for:
A. Increased drug levels of other medications
B. Decreased drug levels of other medications
C. No change in drug levels
D. Drug toxicity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CYP450 inducers increase the metabolism of other drugs, leading to decreased levels .
Page 2 of 42
, 10. A nurse is administering a scheduled medication to a client who is NPO. Which action is most
appropriate?
A. Administer the medication with a small sip of water
B. Withhold the medication and notify the provider
C. Administer the medication with a full glass of water
D. Crush the medication and mix with food
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPO status requires provider notification and possible dose adjustment .
Page 3 of 42
Exams 2, 3 & 4 Combined · 2025 Update · 150+
Questions[Date]
with Answers & Rationales · 100%
Correct
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXAM 2 – Pharmacology & Medication Administration
EXAM 3 – Cardiovascular & Respiratory Pharmacology
EXAM 4 – Endocrine, Neurologic & Psychiatric Pharmacology
Conclusion & Study Tips
, EXAM 2 – PHARMACOLOGY & MEDICATION ADMINISTRATION
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a medication that has a high first-pass effect. Which route of
administration would avoid this effect?
A. Oral
B. Sublingual
C. Subcutaneous
D. Intramuscular
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sublingual administration bypasses the first-pass effect by allowing the medication to be absorbed
directly into the bloodstream through the sublingual mucosa .
2. A medication is 95% protein-bound. Which statement about this medication is true?
A. It has a large volume of distribution.
B. It is readily excreted by the kidneys.
C. A small change in protein binding can significantly affect the free drug concentration.
D. It is administered with a high-fat meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With high protein binding, the unbound (free) fraction is small, so any displacement can greatly
increase free drug levels .
3. A nurse is reviewing a medication order that reads "amoxicillin 500 mg PO BID." What does BID
indicate?
A. Once daily
B. Twice daily
C. Three times daily
D. Four times daily
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: BID stands for "bis in die" (twice daily) .
4. A client is prescribed a medication that requires therapeutic drug monitoring. The nurse should draw a
blood sample for a trough level:
A. 30 minutes after the dose is administered
B. 1 hour after the dose is administered
C. Just before the next dose is administered
D. 2 hours after the dose is administered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A trough level is drawn just before the next dose to measure the lowest concentration of the drug in
the blood .
Page 1 of 42
,5. A patient has a drug half-life of 8 hours. How long will it take for the drug to reach a steady state?
A. 24 hours
B. 32 hours
C. 40 hours
D. 48 hours
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Steady state is reached after approximately 4-5 half-lives .
6. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteric-coated tablet. Which instruction is most important?
A. Chew the tablet for faster absorption
B. Crush the tablet and mix with food
C. Swallow the tablet whole
D. Dissolve the tablet in water
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Enteric-coated tablets should be swallowed whole to prevent destruction of the coating .
7. Which of the following describes an adverse effect of a medication?
A. A predictable, dose-related effect
B. An unintended, harmful response
C. A desired therapeutic effect
D. A psychological response
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An adverse effect is an unintended, harmful response to a medication .
8. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a medication that is excreted renally. Which laboratory
value should be monitored?
A. Serum creatinine
B. Liver enzymes
C. Cardiac enzymes
D. Complete blood count
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Renal function should be monitored for medications excreted by the kidneys .
9. A client is prescribed a medication that is a CYP450 inducer. The nurse should monitor for:
A. Increased drug levels of other medications
B. Decreased drug levels of other medications
C. No change in drug levels
D. Drug toxicity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CYP450 inducers increase the metabolism of other drugs, leading to decreased levels .
Page 2 of 42
, 10. A nurse is administering a scheduled medication to a client who is NPO. Which action is most
appropriate?
A. Administer the medication with a small sip of water
B. Withhold the medication and notify the provider
C. Administer the medication with a full glass of water
D. Crush the medication and mix with food
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: NPO status requires provider notification and possible dose adjustment .
Page 3 of 42
