NUR 206 – Nutrition Exam with
Accurate Solutions
What are the categories of nutrients? - ANSWER-- macronutrients (carbs, proteins, fats)
- micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
- water
Describe carbohydrates. - ANSWER-- simple and complex
- protein-sparing action
- sources: sugars, syrups, molasses, honey, fruit, milk, bread, cereal, potatoes, rice,
pasta, legumes, crackers, flour products
Describe proteins. - ANSWER-- complete, partially complete, and incomplete
- functions: protein catabolism, nitrogen balance
- sources: meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, seeds, fruits and veggies, bread, cereal,
rice, pasta, milk, cheese, eggs
Describe fats. - ANSWER-- saturated and unsaturated
- sources: beef, lamb, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, chicken, fish, vegetables
What are two surveying methods related to nutrition? - ANSWER-- the 24-hour recall
- the food diary
What are some assessment notes related to risk identification for impaired nutrition? -
ANSWER-- knowledge of and attitude toward current pattern of food intake
- presence of chronic or acute health problems, treatments, or procedures that affect the
GI tract or food intake
- medication, drug, or alcohol use
- socioeconomic factors
What are some things that would indicate dysfunction related to nutrition? - ANSWER--
body mass index higher than 25 kg/m or lower than 20 kg/m
- dietary intake that supplies significantly less than RDAs or DRIs
- recent weight loss without altered diet
- fatigue, muscle wasting, and obesity
During a physical assessment, it was found that a patient has loose-fitting dentures and
a resultant mouth sore. The most appropriate nursing diagnosis to this finding would be:
- ANSWER-Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
, The ChooseMyPlate.gov website is a food guidance system that demonstrates desired
amounts of food groups by means of portions on a plate graphic. All food groups are
included in the graph except: - ANSWER-Carbohydrates
What are the three types of IV fluids? - ANSWER-isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
What are three types of isotonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 0.9% normal saline (0.9%
NaCl)
- lactated ringer's solution (LR)
- 5% dextrose in water (D5W - starts as isotonic and then chengaes to hypotonic when
dextrose is metabolized)
What are two types of hypotonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 0.45% sodium chloride (0.45%
NaCl)
- 5% dextrose in water (D5W)
What are three types of hypertonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 3% sodium chloride (3%
NaCl)
- 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride (D50.45% NaCl)
- 5% dextrose and lactated ringer's (D5LR)
What is osmolarity? - ANSWER-the proportion of dissolved particles in an amount of
fluid and is generally the term used to describe body fluids; as the dissolved particles
become more concentrated, the osmolarity increases
What is osmolality? - ANSWER-the proportion of dissolved particles in a specific weight
of fluid; fluids inside the body; the terms osmolarity and osmolality are often used
interchangeably in clinical practice
What is tonicity? - ANSWER-the concentration of dissolved molecules in a solution
What are the osmolality levels to know? - ANSWER-- normal (270-300)
- hypertonic (over 300)
- hypotonic (less than 300)
- isotonic (300)
Tube placed in the patient's nose to stomach - ANSWER-nasogastric (NG) tube
Correct position for a patient with a feeding tube - ANSWER-head elevated 30-45
degrees
Type of eneteral feeding used with a jejunostomy tube - ANSWER-continuous
This is done before administering an intermittent enteral feeding - ANSWER-aspirate to
check for residual
Accurate Solutions
What are the categories of nutrients? - ANSWER-- macronutrients (carbs, proteins, fats)
- micronutrients (vitamins, minerals)
- water
Describe carbohydrates. - ANSWER-- simple and complex
- protein-sparing action
- sources: sugars, syrups, molasses, honey, fruit, milk, bread, cereal, potatoes, rice,
pasta, legumes, crackers, flour products
Describe proteins. - ANSWER-- complete, partially complete, and incomplete
- functions: protein catabolism, nitrogen balance
- sources: meat, fish, poultry, peanut butter, seeds, fruits and veggies, bread, cereal,
rice, pasta, milk, cheese, eggs
Describe fats. - ANSWER-- saturated and unsaturated
- sources: beef, lamb, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, chicken, fish, vegetables
What are two surveying methods related to nutrition? - ANSWER-- the 24-hour recall
- the food diary
What are some assessment notes related to risk identification for impaired nutrition? -
ANSWER-- knowledge of and attitude toward current pattern of food intake
- presence of chronic or acute health problems, treatments, or procedures that affect the
GI tract or food intake
- medication, drug, or alcohol use
- socioeconomic factors
What are some things that would indicate dysfunction related to nutrition? - ANSWER--
body mass index higher than 25 kg/m or lower than 20 kg/m
- dietary intake that supplies significantly less than RDAs or DRIs
- recent weight loss without altered diet
- fatigue, muscle wasting, and obesity
During a physical assessment, it was found that a patient has loose-fitting dentures and
a resultant mouth sore. The most appropriate nursing diagnosis to this finding would be:
- ANSWER-Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
, The ChooseMyPlate.gov website is a food guidance system that demonstrates desired
amounts of food groups by means of portions on a plate graphic. All food groups are
included in the graph except: - ANSWER-Carbohydrates
What are the three types of IV fluids? - ANSWER-isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
What are three types of isotonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 0.9% normal saline (0.9%
NaCl)
- lactated ringer's solution (LR)
- 5% dextrose in water (D5W - starts as isotonic and then chengaes to hypotonic when
dextrose is metabolized)
What are two types of hypotonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 0.45% sodium chloride (0.45%
NaCl)
- 5% dextrose in water (D5W)
What are three types of hypertonic solutions? - ANSWER-- 3% sodium chloride (3%
NaCl)
- 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride (D50.45% NaCl)
- 5% dextrose and lactated ringer's (D5LR)
What is osmolarity? - ANSWER-the proportion of dissolved particles in an amount of
fluid and is generally the term used to describe body fluids; as the dissolved particles
become more concentrated, the osmolarity increases
What is osmolality? - ANSWER-the proportion of dissolved particles in a specific weight
of fluid; fluids inside the body; the terms osmolarity and osmolality are often used
interchangeably in clinical practice
What is tonicity? - ANSWER-the concentration of dissolved molecules in a solution
What are the osmolality levels to know? - ANSWER-- normal (270-300)
- hypertonic (over 300)
- hypotonic (less than 300)
- isotonic (300)
Tube placed in the patient's nose to stomach - ANSWER-nasogastric (NG) tube
Correct position for a patient with a feeding tube - ANSWER-head elevated 30-45
degrees
Type of eneteral feeding used with a jejunostomy tube - ANSWER-continuous
This is done before administering an intermittent enteral feeding - ANSWER-aspirate to
check for residual
