OMSA REVIEW FINALS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔Second drug to administer during anaphylactic shock? - ✔✔Corticosteroid like
decadron; control the immune response causing syptoms
✔✔Third drug to administer during anaphylactic shock? - ✔✔Antihistamine like
Benadryl; prevent chemical histamine from being released from cells
✔✔What is the purpose of chemotherapy? - ✔✔Given to kill tumor cells; but often kill
more
✔✔Chemotherapy can Lower blood count, specifically: - ✔✔WBC-fights infection
RBC- caries oxygen
Platelets- help you clot
✔✔What is suggested to have before surgery for patients in chemotherapy? - ✔✔A new
CBC (complete blood count)
✔✔"D" - ✔✔Dextrose
✔✔"5" - ✔✔5% concentration of dextrose in solution
✔✔"W" - ✔✔Water
✔✔"NS" - ✔✔Normal saline (salt water)
✔✔"LR" - ✔✔Lactate ringers; Saline but with more electrolytes like potassium
✔✔Tonicity - ✔✔Particles dessolved in the fluid
✔✔Isntonic - ✔✔Participles in the fluid is just like the human body
, ✔✔What is the preferred solution during surgery? - ✔✔NS or LR
✔✔Why is dextrose not the preferred solution? - ✔✔Metabolized too rapidly, then the
solution is too dilute
✔✔Complications of venipuncture - ✔✔Phlebitis
Extravasation
Intra-arterial injection
Air embolism
Compartment syndrome
✔✔Phlebitis - ✔✔Inflammation inside the vein due to chemical (drugs) or physical
trauma
✔✔Treatment for phlebitis - ✔✔Elevation
Moist heat
NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory)
✔✔NSAIDS - ✔✔non-steroidal anti-inflammatory; Advil, motrin
✔✔Extravasation - ✔✔Fluid goes outside the vein when IV in place
✔✔Symptoms and treatment for extravasation - ✔✔Will see swelling around the site
and the IV bag drip rate will slow down drastically; Stop the IV and remove catheter
✔✔Intra-arterial injection - ✔✔Medication injected into artery instead of vein
✔✔What is the danger of intra-arterial injection? - ✔✔Irritated vessels causing the artery
to spasm blocking blood flow to the limb ending in necrosis of the tissue and possibly
the limb
✔✔Signs to prevent intra-arterial injection - ✔✔Watch for bright red pulsating blood
through the catheter
✔✔Treatment for intravenous-arterial injsection - ✔✔Inject 10 CC of 1% PROCAINE (to
numb arterial wall and reduce spasm)
Pack ice around the arm and transport to the hospital
✔✔Air embolism - ✔✔When air is introduced into the vascular circulation
✔✔Why is an air embolism dangerous? - ✔✔An air bubble can lodge in the pulmonary
artery preventing blood flow from getting to the lungs and pick up vital oxygen. Can be
FATAL
SURE A+
✔✔Second drug to administer during anaphylactic shock? - ✔✔Corticosteroid like
decadron; control the immune response causing syptoms
✔✔Third drug to administer during anaphylactic shock? - ✔✔Antihistamine like
Benadryl; prevent chemical histamine from being released from cells
✔✔What is the purpose of chemotherapy? - ✔✔Given to kill tumor cells; but often kill
more
✔✔Chemotherapy can Lower blood count, specifically: - ✔✔WBC-fights infection
RBC- caries oxygen
Platelets- help you clot
✔✔What is suggested to have before surgery for patients in chemotherapy? - ✔✔A new
CBC (complete blood count)
✔✔"D" - ✔✔Dextrose
✔✔"5" - ✔✔5% concentration of dextrose in solution
✔✔"W" - ✔✔Water
✔✔"NS" - ✔✔Normal saline (salt water)
✔✔"LR" - ✔✔Lactate ringers; Saline but with more electrolytes like potassium
✔✔Tonicity - ✔✔Particles dessolved in the fluid
✔✔Isntonic - ✔✔Participles in the fluid is just like the human body
, ✔✔What is the preferred solution during surgery? - ✔✔NS or LR
✔✔Why is dextrose not the preferred solution? - ✔✔Metabolized too rapidly, then the
solution is too dilute
✔✔Complications of venipuncture - ✔✔Phlebitis
Extravasation
Intra-arterial injection
Air embolism
Compartment syndrome
✔✔Phlebitis - ✔✔Inflammation inside the vein due to chemical (drugs) or physical
trauma
✔✔Treatment for phlebitis - ✔✔Elevation
Moist heat
NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory)
✔✔NSAIDS - ✔✔non-steroidal anti-inflammatory; Advil, motrin
✔✔Extravasation - ✔✔Fluid goes outside the vein when IV in place
✔✔Symptoms and treatment for extravasation - ✔✔Will see swelling around the site
and the IV bag drip rate will slow down drastically; Stop the IV and remove catheter
✔✔Intra-arterial injection - ✔✔Medication injected into artery instead of vein
✔✔What is the danger of intra-arterial injection? - ✔✔Irritated vessels causing the artery
to spasm blocking blood flow to the limb ending in necrosis of the tissue and possibly
the limb
✔✔Signs to prevent intra-arterial injection - ✔✔Watch for bright red pulsating blood
through the catheter
✔✔Treatment for intravenous-arterial injsection - ✔✔Inject 10 CC of 1% PROCAINE (to
numb arterial wall and reduce spasm)
Pack ice around the arm and transport to the hospital
✔✔Air embolism - ✔✔When air is introduced into the vascular circulation
✔✔Why is an air embolism dangerous? - ✔✔An air bubble can lodge in the pulmonary
artery preventing blood flow from getting to the lungs and pick up vital oxygen. Can be
FATAL
