MEDSURG II ENDOCRINE ACTUAL FINALS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Diabetes type I results from - ✔✔a destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas as a
result of autoimmune or infectious process
✔✔With type I diabetics which treatment plan is most apprpriate - ✔✔insulin pump
✔✔Type I insuling therapy is how long? - ✔✔lifelong
✔✔Manifestations of type I DM - ✔✔polyuria, polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia
(increased hunger), fatigue and weight loss
✔✔Diagnosis of DM I includes - ✔✔A1C, fasting blood sugar, two hour postprandial
(after meals) glucose tolerance test, rondom blood sugar
✔✔Hemoglobin A1C value is a - ✔✔long term, time averaged glucose levels
✔✔Fasting blood glucose must be fasting for - ✔✔8 hours
✔✔Treatment for DM I - ✔✔insulin, nutrition management, glycemic control
✔✔When in the hospital We want a DM I patient to be under - ✔✔120
✔✔Why is it important to have a good blood sugar in the hospital - ✔✔optimal healing
✔✔Should pts document only bad blood sugars? - ✔✔no, good too
✔✔Patients with DM are advised to check their sugars at least - ✔✔ACHS
✔✔When would we want pts too check their sugars more often - ✔✔new illnesses,
stress, infection
, ✔✔How do we sustain sugars longer (what snack is best to eat for diabetics after sugar)
- ✔✔protein
✔✔Diabetic ketoacidosis - ✔✔the rapid breakdown of fat store, releasing fatty acids
from adipose tissue.
✔✔DKA causes - ✔✔acidosis
✔✔DKA leads to - ✔✔gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, resulting in severe
hyperglycemia, hyperosmolaluty and osmotic diuresis
✔✔Clinical manifestations of DKA - ✔✔hypotensive, tachy, kussmayl RR, fruity breath
✔✔DKA is also referred to as - ✔✔metabolic acidosis
✔✔Anion gap is useful in determining - ✔✔the cause of metabolic acidosis
✔✔Metabolic acidosis is diagnosed by - ✔✔anion gap
✔✔Anion gap normal range - ✔✔8-16. Anything higher is metabolic acidosis
✔✔Hypoglycemia is considered - ✔✔less than 65
✔✔Clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia - ✔✔anxiety, diaphoresis, palpitations,
hunger, numbness around lips, shakiness, irritable, or change in LOC, slurred speech
✔✔Hypoglycemia can lead to - ✔✔seizures, coma, death
✔✔Hypoglycemia tx - ✔✔D50 (50% dextrose solution), 1mg IM glucagon
✔✔When giving insulin we should - ✔✔rotate sites
✔✔Angle of administration - ✔✔45-90 degrees
✔✔A1C levels for diabetic pts should be - ✔✔less than 7%
✔✔A1C levels for prediabetic pts is categorized - ✔✔5.7-6.4%
✔✔A realistic goal for A1C is - ✔✔pts A1c will go down by 1% in 3 months
✔✔Type 2 DM risk factors - ✔✔genetics and lifestyle
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Diabetes type I results from - ✔✔a destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas as a
result of autoimmune or infectious process
✔✔With type I diabetics which treatment plan is most apprpriate - ✔✔insulin pump
✔✔Type I insuling therapy is how long? - ✔✔lifelong
✔✔Manifestations of type I DM - ✔✔polyuria, polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia
(increased hunger), fatigue and weight loss
✔✔Diagnosis of DM I includes - ✔✔A1C, fasting blood sugar, two hour postprandial
(after meals) glucose tolerance test, rondom blood sugar
✔✔Hemoglobin A1C value is a - ✔✔long term, time averaged glucose levels
✔✔Fasting blood glucose must be fasting for - ✔✔8 hours
✔✔Treatment for DM I - ✔✔insulin, nutrition management, glycemic control
✔✔When in the hospital We want a DM I patient to be under - ✔✔120
✔✔Why is it important to have a good blood sugar in the hospital - ✔✔optimal healing
✔✔Should pts document only bad blood sugars? - ✔✔no, good too
✔✔Patients with DM are advised to check their sugars at least - ✔✔ACHS
✔✔When would we want pts too check their sugars more often - ✔✔new illnesses,
stress, infection
, ✔✔How do we sustain sugars longer (what snack is best to eat for diabetics after sugar)
- ✔✔protein
✔✔Diabetic ketoacidosis - ✔✔the rapid breakdown of fat store, releasing fatty acids
from adipose tissue.
✔✔DKA causes - ✔✔acidosis
✔✔DKA leads to - ✔✔gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis, resulting in severe
hyperglycemia, hyperosmolaluty and osmotic diuresis
✔✔Clinical manifestations of DKA - ✔✔hypotensive, tachy, kussmayl RR, fruity breath
✔✔DKA is also referred to as - ✔✔metabolic acidosis
✔✔Anion gap is useful in determining - ✔✔the cause of metabolic acidosis
✔✔Metabolic acidosis is diagnosed by - ✔✔anion gap
✔✔Anion gap normal range - ✔✔8-16. Anything higher is metabolic acidosis
✔✔Hypoglycemia is considered - ✔✔less than 65
✔✔Clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia - ✔✔anxiety, diaphoresis, palpitations,
hunger, numbness around lips, shakiness, irritable, or change in LOC, slurred speech
✔✔Hypoglycemia can lead to - ✔✔seizures, coma, death
✔✔Hypoglycemia tx - ✔✔D50 (50% dextrose solution), 1mg IM glucagon
✔✔When giving insulin we should - ✔✔rotate sites
✔✔Angle of administration - ✔✔45-90 degrees
✔✔A1C levels for diabetic pts should be - ✔✔less than 7%
✔✔A1C levels for prediabetic pts is categorized - ✔✔5.7-6.4%
✔✔A realistic goal for A1C is - ✔✔pts A1c will go down by 1% in 3 months
✔✔Type 2 DM risk factors - ✔✔genetics and lifestyle
