RESPIRATORY & CARDIAC PHARMACOLOGY ATI
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about a client who has severe
allergy-related asthma and a new prescription for omalizumab. Which of the
following pieces of information should the charge nurse include to describe the
medication's mechanism of action?
A.
It reduces the number of immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules on mast cells.
B.
It stabilizes the cellular membrane of mast cells.
C.
It decreases the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators.
D.
It relaxes the smooth muscles by blocking adenosine receptors correct answer A.
It reduces the number of immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules on mast cells.
The charge nurse should include in the teaching that the mechanism of action of
omalizumab reduces the number of IgE molecules on mast cells. This limits the
ability of allergens to trigger immune mediators that cause bronchospasm
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has been taking feverfew.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates a therapeutic effect of
the supplement?
A.
"I am having fewer migraine headaches since I started taking feverfew."
B.
,"My memory seems to be getting better since I started taking feverfew."
C.
"I have fewer infections when I take feverfew."
D.
"I have not had another urinary tract infection since starting feverfew." correct
answer A.
"I am having fewer migraine headaches since I started taking feverfew."
Feverfew is an herb that is used for the prophylaxis of migraine headaches. It can
reduce the frequency of migraines and decrease the severity of accompanying
manifestations such as nausea and photophobia.
A nurse in an outpatient facility is assessing a client who is prescribed furosemide
40 mg daily. The client reports taking extra doses to promote weight loss. Which
of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is
dehydrated?
A.
Urine specific gravity 1.035
B.
Distended neck veins
C.
BUN 18 mg/dL
D.
Bounding radial pulses correct answer A.
Urine specific gravity 1.035
,Oliguria, an increased urine concentration, and an increased urine specific gravity
greater than 1.030 are expected findings in clients who are dehydrated.
A nurse is administering adenosine via IV bolus for a client who has developed
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. For which of the following findings should the
nurse assess the client during the administration of adenosine?
A.
Seizures
B.
Cinchonism
C.
Dyspnea
D.
Transient pallor of the face correct answer C.
Dyspnea
Dyspnea can occur during the administration of adenosine due to
bronchoconstriction. Since adenosine has a short half-life of about 10 seconds,
this effect should be short-lived.
A nurse is administering oral hydroxyzine to a client. Which of the following
adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to expect?
A.
Diarrhea
B.
Anxiety
, C.
Nausea and vomiting
D.
Dry mouth correct answer D.
Dry mouth
Hydroxyzine has anticholinergic properties. Dry mouth is a common adverse
effect of this medication. The nurse should instruct the client to take sips of water
or suck hard candies to minimize this effect.
A nurse is administering subcutaneous epinephrine for a client who is
experiencing anaphylaxis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A.
Hypotension
B.
Hyperthermia
C.
Hypoglycemia
D.
Tachycardia correct answer D.
Tachycardia
Adverse effects of epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist, can include tachycardia
and dysrhythmias due to cardiac stimulation.
QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS
A charge nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about a client who has severe
allergy-related asthma and a new prescription for omalizumab. Which of the
following pieces of information should the charge nurse include to describe the
medication's mechanism of action?
A.
It reduces the number of immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules on mast cells.
B.
It stabilizes the cellular membrane of mast cells.
C.
It decreases the synthesis and release of inflammatory mediators.
D.
It relaxes the smooth muscles by blocking adenosine receptors correct answer A.
It reduces the number of immunoglobulin E (IgE) molecules on mast cells.
The charge nurse should include in the teaching that the mechanism of action of
omalizumab reduces the number of IgE molecules on mast cells. This limits the
ability of allergens to trigger immune mediators that cause bronchospasm
A nurse in a provider's office is assessing a client who has been taking feverfew.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates a therapeutic effect of
the supplement?
A.
"I am having fewer migraine headaches since I started taking feverfew."
B.
,"My memory seems to be getting better since I started taking feverfew."
C.
"I have fewer infections when I take feverfew."
D.
"I have not had another urinary tract infection since starting feverfew." correct
answer A.
"I am having fewer migraine headaches since I started taking feverfew."
Feverfew is an herb that is used for the prophylaxis of migraine headaches. It can
reduce the frequency of migraines and decrease the severity of accompanying
manifestations such as nausea and photophobia.
A nurse in an outpatient facility is assessing a client who is prescribed furosemide
40 mg daily. The client reports taking extra doses to promote weight loss. Which
of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is
dehydrated?
A.
Urine specific gravity 1.035
B.
Distended neck veins
C.
BUN 18 mg/dL
D.
Bounding radial pulses correct answer A.
Urine specific gravity 1.035
,Oliguria, an increased urine concentration, and an increased urine specific gravity
greater than 1.030 are expected findings in clients who are dehydrated.
A nurse is administering adenosine via IV bolus for a client who has developed
paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. For which of the following findings should the
nurse assess the client during the administration of adenosine?
A.
Seizures
B.
Cinchonism
C.
Dyspnea
D.
Transient pallor of the face correct answer C.
Dyspnea
Dyspnea can occur during the administration of adenosine due to
bronchoconstriction. Since adenosine has a short half-life of about 10 seconds,
this effect should be short-lived.
A nurse is administering oral hydroxyzine to a client. Which of the following
adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to expect?
A.
Diarrhea
B.
Anxiety
, C.
Nausea and vomiting
D.
Dry mouth correct answer D.
Dry mouth
Hydroxyzine has anticholinergic properties. Dry mouth is a common adverse
effect of this medication. The nurse should instruct the client to take sips of water
or suck hard candies to minimize this effect.
A nurse is administering subcutaneous epinephrine for a client who is
experiencing anaphylaxis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the
following adverse effects?
A.
Hypotension
B.
Hyperthermia
C.
Hypoglycemia
D.
Tachycardia correct answer D.
Tachycardia
Adverse effects of epinephrine, an adrenergic agonist, can include tachycardia
and dysrhythmias due to cardiac stimulation.
