ADN Final Exam Version 3 Remediation Retake Exam 2026/2027
Update |Galen College
1. A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who is taking digoxin. Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely to prevent toxicity?
A. Serum sodium level
B. Serum calcium level
C. Serum potassium level
D. Serum chloride level
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. The nurse must monitor
potassium levels because digoxin and potassium compete for the same binding sites on the
sodium-potassium ATPase pump.
2. Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypoglycemia in a client with
Type 1 Diabetes?
A. Extreme thirst and polyuria
B. Kussmaul respirations and fruity breath
C. Diaphoresis and irritability
D. Abdominal pain and vomiting
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypoglycemia triggers the sympathetic nervous system, leading to diaphoresis
(sweating), tremors, and irritability. Thirst and fruity breath are signs of hyperglycemia or
DKA.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. Which IV fluid is the only
one compatible with blood products?
A. Lactated Ringers
B. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
C. Dextrose 5% in Water
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) is the only solution used with blood
products to prevent hemolysis of red blood cells.
4. When caring for a client with Clostridium difficile (C. diff), which action by the
nurse is mandatory?
A. Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer after contact
B. Wearing an N95 respirator mask
C. Washing hands with soap and water
D. Placing the client in a negative pressure room
Answer: C
Rationale: C. diff spores are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers. Handwashing with soap
and water is required to physically remove the spores from the hands.
5. A client is diagnosed with Tuberculosis (TB). Which type of precautions should
the nurse implement?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Airborne precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Answer: C
Rationale: TB is transmitted via small droplets that remain suspended in the air, requiring
airborne precautions, including a private room with negative pressure and N95 masks.
, 6. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). What
is the most common metabolic complication?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: C
Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose, making hyperglycemia a common
complication that requires frequent fingerstick monitoring.
7. Which laboratory test is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of Warfarin?
A. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
B. Platelet count
C. Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR)
D. Bleeding time
Answer: C
Rationale: PT/INR is used to monitor Warfarin therapy. aPTT is used for Heparin therapy.
8. A client has been prescribed Lithium Carbonate for Bipolar Disorder. What is
the therapeutic serum level range?
A. 0.1 to 0.5 mEq/L
B. 1.5 to 2.0 mEq/L
C. 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L
D. 2.5 to 3.0 mEq/L
Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic range for lithium is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L. Levels above 1.5 mEq/L
are considered toxic.
Update |Galen College
1. A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who is taking digoxin. Which
laboratory value should the nurse monitor most closely to prevent toxicity?
A. Serum sodium level
B. Serum calcium level
C. Serum potassium level
D. Serum chloride level
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypokalemia increases the risk of digoxin toxicity. The nurse must monitor
potassium levels because digoxin and potassium compete for the same binding sites on the
sodium-potassium ATPase pump.
2. Which assessment finding is most indicative of hypoglycemia in a client with
Type 1 Diabetes?
A. Extreme thirst and polyuria
B. Kussmaul respirations and fruity breath
C. Diaphoresis and irritability
D. Abdominal pain and vomiting
Answer: C
Rationale: Hypoglycemia triggers the sympathetic nervous system, leading to diaphoresis
(sweating), tremors, and irritability. Thirst and fruity breath are signs of hyperglycemia or
DKA.
,3. A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. Which IV fluid is the only
one compatible with blood products?
A. Lactated Ringers
B. 0.45% Sodium Chloride
C. Dextrose 5% in Water
D. 0.9% Sodium Chloride
Answer: D
Rationale: 0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline) is the only solution used with blood
products to prevent hemolysis of red blood cells.
4. When caring for a client with Clostridium difficile (C. diff), which action by the
nurse is mandatory?
A. Using alcohol-based hand sanitizer after contact
B. Wearing an N95 respirator mask
C. Washing hands with soap and water
D. Placing the client in a negative pressure room
Answer: C
Rationale: C. diff spores are resistant to alcohol-based sanitizers. Handwashing with soap
and water is required to physically remove the spores from the hands.
5. A client is diagnosed with Tuberculosis (TB). Which type of precautions should
the nurse implement?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Airborne precautions
D. Standard precautions only
Answer: C
Rationale: TB is transmitted via small droplets that remain suspended in the air, requiring
airborne precautions, including a private room with negative pressure and N95 masks.
, 6. A nurse is monitoring a client receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). What
is the most common metabolic complication?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyponatremia
C. Hyperglycemia
D. Hyperkalemia
Answer: C
Rationale: TPN contains high concentrations of glucose, making hyperglycemia a common
complication that requires frequent fingerstick monitoring.
7. Which laboratory test is used to monitor the therapeutic effect of Warfarin?
A. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
B. Platelet count
C. Prothrombin Time and International Normalized Ratio (PT/INR)
D. Bleeding time
Answer: C
Rationale: PT/INR is used to monitor Warfarin therapy. aPTT is used for Heparin therapy.
8. A client has been prescribed Lithium Carbonate for Bipolar Disorder. What is
the therapeutic serum level range?
A. 0.1 to 0.5 mEq/L
B. 1.5 to 2.0 mEq/L
C. 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L
D. 2.5 to 3.0 mEq/L
Answer: C
Rationale: The therapeutic range for lithium is 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L. Levels above 1.5 mEq/L
are considered toxic.
