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1. Which factor primarily affects drug absorption in pharmacokinetics?
a. Protein binding
b. Route of administration
c. Renal function
d. Drug half-life
Correct Answer: b. Route of administration
2. Which protein is most commonly involved in drug distribution?
a. Hemoglobin
b. Albumin
c. Fibrinogen
d. Globulin
Correct Answer: b. Albumin
3. Where does most drug metabolism occur, and what can metabolism
affect?
a. Kidneys; absorption
b. Lungs; distribution
c. Liver; toxicity
d. Stomach; excretion
Correct Answer: c. Liver; toxicity
4. Which organ primarily excretes water-soluble medications?
a. Liver
b. Lungs
, c. Kidneys
d. Pancreas
Correct Answer: c. Kidneys
5. What does the liver do to many lipid-soluble medications to facilitate
excretion?
a. Converts them into water-soluble metabolites
b. Converts them into proteins
c. Prevents them from entering cells
d. Converts them into electrolytes
Correct Answer: a. Converts them into water-soluble metabolites
6. Which route of administration provides the highest bioavailability?
a. Oral
b. Subcutaneous
c. Intramuscular
d. Intravenous
Correct Answer: d. Intravenous
7. Why can lipid-soluble drugs readily enter cells?
a. They bind directly to sodium
b. They pass through lipid cell membranes
c. They are eliminated by the kidneys
d. They cannot cross cell membranes
Correct Answer: b. They pass through lipid cell membranes
8. What does pharmacodynamics describe?
a. What the body does to the drug
b. How the kidneys excrete the drug
c. What the drug does to the body
d. How the drug is absorbed
Correct Answer: c. What the drug does to the body
, 9. What is the half-life of a medication?
a. Time required for a medication to reach peak concentration
b. Time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated or reduced
c. Time required for the drug to be completely eliminated
d. Time required for the drug to begin working
Correct Answer: b. Time required for 50% of the drug to be eliminated
or reduced
10.Approximately how many half-lives are generally required for most of a
medication to be eliminated from the body?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 5
d. 10
Correct Answer: c. 5
11.Which route of administration is most associated with the first-pass
effect?
a. Intravenous
b. Oral
c. Intramuscular
d. Subcutaneous
Correct Answer: b. Oral
12.Which organ is primarily responsible for first-pass metabolism?
a. Kidney
b. Heart
c. Liver
d. Lung
Correct Answer: c. Liver
13.What is meant by steady state?
a. Complete elimination of a medication