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LPN EXIT Newest Exam Preparation With Complete
Questions And Correct Answers With Rationales Already
Graded A+ Brand New Version!!
1. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has an
arterial blood gas (ABG) with the following values: pH 7.32, PaCO2 58
mm Hg, HCO3 30 mEq/L. The nurse interprets these results as which of
the following?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated
D) Respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated
Answer: C) Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated. The elevated
PaCO2 indicates respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is elevated above
normal, signifying metabolic compensation, but the pH remains below
7.35, indicating that compensation is partial. The kidneys are
attempting to retain bicarbonate to buffer the excess acid.
2. A nurse is providing tracheostomy care. Which action is most
important to prevent complications?
A) Changing the inner cannula every shift
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B) Applying hydrogen peroxide to clean the stoma site
C) Suctioning the airway before removing the old dressing
D) Ensuring the obturator is immediately accessible at the bedside
Answer: D) Ensuring the obturator is immediately accessible at the
bedside. The obturator is used to reinsert a dislodged tracheostomy
tube. Its immediate availability is critical for airway maintenance.
Hydrogen peroxide is not recommended for stoma care due to tissue
irritation. Suctioning is performed after securing a new tube, not before.
3. A postoperative client has a prescription for morphine sulfate 2 mg
IV push PRN for severe pain. The available vial contains 10 mg/mL. How
many milliliters will the nurse administer?
A) 0.2 mL
B) 0.5 mL
C) 1 mL
D) 2 mL
Answer: A) 0.2 mL. Using the formula Desired over Available: 2 mg / 10
mg/mL = 0.2 mL. This is a standard calculation; careful verification is
necessary because the volume is small and the medication is a high-
alert drug.
4. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has been
prescribed furosemide. Which assessment finding indicates that the
medication is having the desired effect?
A) Increased jugular venous distention
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B) Weight loss of 2 pounds in 24 hours
C) Presence of pitting edema in the lower extremities
D) Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg
Answer: B) Weight loss of 2 pounds in 24 hours. Furosemide is a loop
diuretic that promotes fluid excretion. A weight loss of 1 to 2 pounds
daily is a positive indicator of reduced fluid volume. Jugular venous
distention and edema are signs of fluid overload.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a
nasogastric tube. Which action is essential prior to initiating the
feeding?
A) Flush the tube with 10 mL of sterile water after checking residual
B) Verify placement by aspirating gastric contents and measuring pH
C) Warm the formula to room temperature in a microwave
D) Place the client in a high Fowler's position and confirm tube
placement with an x-ray
Answer: D) Place the client in a high Fowler's position and confirm tube
placement with an x-ray. The most reliable method for initial
confirmation is radiographic confirmation. For ongoing feedings, pH
testing is used. The pH of gastric aspirate should be 5 or less.
Microwaving formula can cause uneven heating. High Fowler's position
reduces aspiration risk.
6. The nurse is assessing a client who is one day post-hip arthroplasty.
The client suddenly reports sharp chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse's
priority action is to:
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A) Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
B) Encourage the client to deep breathe and cough
C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately
D) Prepare the client for a chest x-ray
Answer: A) Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. The priority
is to address the hypoxia associated with a possible pulmonary
embolism. After initiating oxygen, the nurse should notify the provider.
Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) are the priority.
7. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 45
mg/dL and is unconscious. Which intervention should the nurse
implement first?
A) Administer glucagon 1 mg subcutaneously
B) Provide orange juice via a straw
C) Administer 50% dextrose IV push
D) Recheck the blood glucose level
Answer: C) Administer 50% dextrose IV push. For an unconscious client
with severe hypoglycemia, intravenous dextrose is the treatment of
choice for rapid correction of glucose levels. Glucagon is an alternative if
IV access is not available. Oral intake is contraindicated in an
unconscious client.
8. The nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which observation requires immediate intervention?
A) The urine is cloudy with a strong odor
LPN EXIT Newest Exam Preparation With Complete
Questions And Correct Answers With Rationales Already
Graded A+ Brand New Version!!
1. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has an
arterial blood gas (ABG) with the following values: pH 7.32, PaCO2 58
mm Hg, HCO3 30 mEq/L. The nurse interprets these results as which of
the following?
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Metabolic alkalosis
C) Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated
D) Respiratory alkalosis, uncompensated
Answer: C) Respiratory acidosis, partially compensated. The elevated
PaCO2 indicates respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is elevated above
normal, signifying metabolic compensation, but the pH remains below
7.35, indicating that compensation is partial. The kidneys are
attempting to retain bicarbonate to buffer the excess acid.
2. A nurse is providing tracheostomy care. Which action is most
important to prevent complications?
A) Changing the inner cannula every shift
,2|Page
B) Applying hydrogen peroxide to clean the stoma site
C) Suctioning the airway before removing the old dressing
D) Ensuring the obturator is immediately accessible at the bedside
Answer: D) Ensuring the obturator is immediately accessible at the
bedside. The obturator is used to reinsert a dislodged tracheostomy
tube. Its immediate availability is critical for airway maintenance.
Hydrogen peroxide is not recommended for stoma care due to tissue
irritation. Suctioning is performed after securing a new tube, not before.
3. A postoperative client has a prescription for morphine sulfate 2 mg
IV push PRN for severe pain. The available vial contains 10 mg/mL. How
many milliliters will the nurse administer?
A) 0.2 mL
B) 0.5 mL
C) 1 mL
D) 2 mL
Answer: A) 0.2 mL. Using the formula Desired over Available: 2 mg / 10
mg/mL = 0.2 mL. This is a standard calculation; careful verification is
necessary because the volume is small and the medication is a high-
alert drug.
4. The nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has been
prescribed furosemide. Which assessment finding indicates that the
medication is having the desired effect?
A) Increased jugular venous distention
,3|Page
B) Weight loss of 2 pounds in 24 hours
C) Presence of pitting edema in the lower extremities
D) Blood pressure of 150/90 mm Hg
Answer: B) Weight loss of 2 pounds in 24 hours. Furosemide is a loop
diuretic that promotes fluid excretion. A weight loss of 1 to 2 pounds
daily is a positive indicator of reduced fluid volume. Jugular venous
distention and edema are signs of fluid overload.
5. A nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding via a
nasogastric tube. Which action is essential prior to initiating the
feeding?
A) Flush the tube with 10 mL of sterile water after checking residual
B) Verify placement by aspirating gastric contents and measuring pH
C) Warm the formula to room temperature in a microwave
D) Place the client in a high Fowler's position and confirm tube
placement with an x-ray
Answer: D) Place the client in a high Fowler's position and confirm tube
placement with an x-ray. The most reliable method for initial
confirmation is radiographic confirmation. For ongoing feedings, pH
testing is used. The pH of gastric aspirate should be 5 or less.
Microwaving formula can cause uneven heating. High Fowler's position
reduces aspiration risk.
6. The nurse is assessing a client who is one day post-hip arthroplasty.
The client suddenly reports sharp chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse's
priority action is to:
, 4|Page
A) Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min
B) Encourage the client to deep breathe and cough
C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately
D) Prepare the client for a chest x-ray
Answer: A) Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 2 L/min. The priority
is to address the hypoxia associated with a possible pulmonary
embolism. After initiating oxygen, the nurse should notify the provider.
Airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs) are the priority.
7. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 45
mg/dL and is unconscious. Which intervention should the nurse
implement first?
A) Administer glucagon 1 mg subcutaneously
B) Provide orange juice via a straw
C) Administer 50% dextrose IV push
D) Recheck the blood glucose level
Answer: C) Administer 50% dextrose IV push. For an unconscious client
with severe hypoglycemia, intravenous dextrose is the treatment of
choice for rapid correction of glucose levels. Glucagon is an alternative if
IV access is not available. Oral intake is contraindicated in an
unconscious client.
8. The nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter.
Which observation requires immediate intervention?
A) The urine is cloudy with a strong odor
