FINAL EXAMINATION PAPER tb tb
tbWGU D094 tb
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
tb tb DATE: _____________ tb
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 tb tb tb tb TIME: _____________ tb
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
tb tb tb
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
tb
1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
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[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsystem") -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >Avail
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
influences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most influence
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
d by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning program that the
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
child is experiencingtb tb
Q2. caregiver:
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[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include paren
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ts, teachers, grandparents, and others
tb tb tb tb
Q3. continuity of care:
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[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
tb tbtb tb tb tb
child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q4. culturally competent:
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[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the individua
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
l's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and cultural sim
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ilarities and differences - tb tb tb
culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
,Q5. culture:
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[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, celebratio
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ns, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and which
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb t
bare reflected in their behavior
tb tb tb tb
Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -social
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q7. epigenetics:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure to ris
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
k factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and toddlers' lear
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ning and sense of well being -
tb tb tb tb tb tb
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, usually
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child care" or even "
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
day care" tb
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
tbtb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and development pr
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ograms, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care programs -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children through ho
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
me visits, early intervention, and family support programs
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q10. infants:
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[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1. ongo
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored to individu
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
al differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and expectations 6. sta
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ble communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q12. positive turnarounds:
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[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q13. prenatal:
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[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow from h
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
elpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and behaviors
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q14. primary care:
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[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate connectio
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
n (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuck to sleep. T
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
his teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and wishes
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q15. protective factors:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q16. resilience:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb
Q17. responsiveness:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is trying to c
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ommunicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately) the adult act
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
s in response to the child
tb tb tb tb tb
Q18. risk factors:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -poor nutrition -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
tbWGU D094 tb
STUDENT NAME: ________________________________
tb tb DATE: _____________ tb
COURSE: HDFS 420 exam 1 tb tb tb tb TIME: _____________ tb
EXAM CODE: WGU D094-101
tb tb tb
EXAM INSTRUCTIONS:
tb
1. Print your full name and date clearly in the header above.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
2. This exam booklet contains both Test Questions (Part I) and Verified Solutions (Part II).
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
3. Answer all multiple-choice questions clearly. Double-check your work.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
4. Do not break the seal or open this booklet until instructed to do so by the proctor.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q1. bioecological systems theory:
tbtb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: "The lives of important caregivers matter" -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Children's development is *directly* influenced by the people in their everyday life (the "microsystem") -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
But also there are important *indirect* influences- for example: >Parent-
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
teacher relationship >Parents' or teachers' working conditions >Neighborhood resources and safety >Avail
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ability of health services >Policies to protect the welfare of babies -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Influences can change over TIME the ecology-- the personal and physical environment --
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
influences the nature of the relationships that the child experiences. these relationships are most influence
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
d by the immediate settings: namely, family, community, and the early care and learning program that the
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
child is experiencingtb tb
Q2. caregiver:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: any adult who takes care of and cares about young children. caregivers include paren
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ts, teachers, grandparents, and others
tb tb tb tb
Q3. continuity of care:
tbtb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: involves uninterrupted, continuous adult-
tb tbtb tb tb tb
child and peer relationships. a teacher(s) moves to a new room with a group of children as they age.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q4. culturally competent:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: implies that the caregivers understand and attend to the total context of the individua
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
l's situation, including awareness of immigration status, stress factors, other social factors, and cultural sim
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ilarities and differences - tb tb tb
culturally competent teacher learns and is respectful of children's and families' cultures.
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
,Q5. culture:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: the values and beliefs about what is important in life, including traditions, celebratio
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ns, languages, and styles of interacting with others. -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
includes: abstract values, beliefs, and perceptions of the world that lie behind people's behavior, and which
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb t
bare reflected in their behavior
tb tb tb tb
Q6. domains: -physical, perceptual, motor -language and literacy -cognitive -emotional -social
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: physical, perceptual, motor: -perception-action -balance -locomotion -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
manipulation language and literacy: -receptive language -expressive language -pragmatics -prosodoy -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
literacy development cognitive: -perceptual -active -approaches to learning -concepts emotional: -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
attachment -emotional expression and understanding -regulation -identity development social: -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
peer interactions -prosocial development -conflicts -challenging behavior
tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q7. epigenetics:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: the study of environmental influences on gene expression that occur without a DNA
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
change -experiences affects whether some genes will be activated
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q8. quality infant and toddler care and learning programs:
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: quality programs that support parent can reduce infants' and toddlers' exposure to ris
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
k factors and build resiliency and positive relationships. quality programs support infants' and toddlers' lear
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ning and sense of well being -
tb tb tb tb tb tb
infant and toddler care and learning programs offer varying hours of care for infants and toddlers, usually
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
during the day while parents are at work. these programs are often referred to as just "child care" or even "
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
day care" tb
Q9. infant and toddler professional:
tbtb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: broad range of specialist who teach or administer child learning and development pr
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ograms, which include center infant and toddler programs and family (home) child care programs -
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
also referred to as professionals who support families in the care of education of their children through ho
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
me visits, early intervention, and family support programs
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q10. infants:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: a baby from birth to approximately 12 months of age
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
, Q11. irreducible needs: -define -list 7 needs
tbtb tb tb tb tb tb
[Verified Solution]: needs of children that are absolutely necessary for them to survive and thrive 1. ongo
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ing nurturing relationships 2. physical protection, safety, and regulation 3. experiences tailored to individu
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
al differences 4. developmentally appropriate experiences 5. limit setting, structure, and expectations 6. sta
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ble communities and cultural continuity 7. adults to protect the future
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q12. positive turnarounds:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: the resilience of a person to recover from challenging life experiences
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q13. prenatal:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: development occurs prior to birth. from prenatal period to age 3, babies grow from h
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
elpless dependency to children with a rich collection of relationships, skills, attitudes, and behaviors
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q14. primary care:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: each infant or toddler is assigned a teacher who establishes an affectionate connectio
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
n (attachment relationship) with the child. This teacher tries to be the one to rock, feed, an tuck to sleep. T
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
his teacher establishes a connections with the family to respect the family's culture and wishes
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q15. protective factors:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: factors that shield and protect the child
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb
Q16. resilience:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: ability to thrive despite risk factors
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb
Q17. responsiveness:
tbtb
[Verified Solution]: refers to both how well the adult understands what the infant or toddler is trying to c
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
ommunicate (the child's cues) and how effectively (promptly, contingently, and appropriately) the adult act
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
s in response to the child
tb tb tb tb tb
Q18. risk factors:
tbtb tb
[Verified Solution]: Actions or behaviors that represent a potential health threat ex: -poor nutrition -
tb tbtb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
low birth weight, health, injury -living in poverty -lack of quality of child care
tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb tb
