RST 230 REVIEW TIPS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
SURE A+
✔✔epilepsy - ✔✔-A chronic medical condition caused by temporary changes in the
electrical functioning of the brain (caused by a chemical imbalance)
-Symptoms: cause seizures which affects awareness, movement, or sensation
✔✔generalized seizures - ✔✔both hemispheres are affected
✔✔grand mal - ✔✔complete loss of consciousness
✔✔petit mal seizures - ✔✔called "brief absences" where a person stares into space and
doesn't respond
✔✔partial seizures - ✔✔one hemisphere is affected
✔✔treatment during a grand mal seizure - ✔✔-Ease person to floor
-Turn person on side to help breath
-Clear area around person of anything hard or sharp to prevent injury
-Put something flat like a folded jacket under head
-Remove eyeglasses
-Loosen ties around neck that might restrict breathing
-Call 911
DO NOT
Hold person down to try to stop his or her movements
Put anything in a person's mouth to injure teeth and the jaw.
Call 911 if:
-Person has never had a seizure
-Person has difficulty breathing or walking after seizure
-Lasts longer than 5 minutes
-If one follows after the first
, ✔✔stroke - ✔✔Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply.
#3 cause of death in the US
✔✔ischemic cascade - ✔✔portion of the brain that receives less than 20% of the normal
blood flow
✔✔transient ischemic attacks - ✔✔-Brief episodes of circulatory deficiency to the
cerebrum
-Tiny strokes where brain does not get enough oxygen through blood
-Like a stroke but goes away after a few seconds to a few minutes
-Mini strokes before big one comes (30 minutes or 8 months - doesn't matter how long)
✔✔uncontrollable stroke risk factors - ✔✔-If you have a stroke, you're most likely going
to have another
-42% of men will have another stroke within 5 years after the first
-20-25% of women will have another stroke within 5years after
-Sex
-Age
-Personal and family history of stroke
-Race: African Americans are most likely to get a stroke
-Can be genetic or environment
✔✔controllable stroke factors - ✔✔-Weight
-Diet
-Smoking
-Drinking
-Systolic: pressure in arteries when heart beats
-Diastolic: pressure in arteries between heartbeats
✔✔ischemic strokes - ✔✔caused by blockage of an artery (80%)
✔✔cerebral thrombosis - ✔✔-Accounts for 50% of all strokes
-Blood clot forms in an artery
-Usually seen in older people
-High cholesterol
✔✔cerebral embolism - ✔✔blood clot travels to the brain, buildup of fatty plaque
✔✔hemorrhagic stroke - ✔✔caused by bleeding in the brain (20%)
✔✔central hemorrhage - ✔✔-A blood vessel in the brain bursts and bleed (aneurysm)
-When an artery bleeds, the brain does not receive oxygen and nutrients
-Pressure builds up in surrounding tissues, and causes irritation and swelling
SURE A+
✔✔epilepsy - ✔✔-A chronic medical condition caused by temporary changes in the
electrical functioning of the brain (caused by a chemical imbalance)
-Symptoms: cause seizures which affects awareness, movement, or sensation
✔✔generalized seizures - ✔✔both hemispheres are affected
✔✔grand mal - ✔✔complete loss of consciousness
✔✔petit mal seizures - ✔✔called "brief absences" where a person stares into space and
doesn't respond
✔✔partial seizures - ✔✔one hemisphere is affected
✔✔treatment during a grand mal seizure - ✔✔-Ease person to floor
-Turn person on side to help breath
-Clear area around person of anything hard or sharp to prevent injury
-Put something flat like a folded jacket under head
-Remove eyeglasses
-Loosen ties around neck that might restrict breathing
-Call 911
DO NOT
Hold person down to try to stop his or her movements
Put anything in a person's mouth to injure teeth and the jaw.
Call 911 if:
-Person has never had a seizure
-Person has difficulty breathing or walking after seizure
-Lasts longer than 5 minutes
-If one follows after the first
, ✔✔stroke - ✔✔Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply.
#3 cause of death in the US
✔✔ischemic cascade - ✔✔portion of the brain that receives less than 20% of the normal
blood flow
✔✔transient ischemic attacks - ✔✔-Brief episodes of circulatory deficiency to the
cerebrum
-Tiny strokes where brain does not get enough oxygen through blood
-Like a stroke but goes away after a few seconds to a few minutes
-Mini strokes before big one comes (30 minutes or 8 months - doesn't matter how long)
✔✔uncontrollable stroke risk factors - ✔✔-If you have a stroke, you're most likely going
to have another
-42% of men will have another stroke within 5 years after the first
-20-25% of women will have another stroke within 5years after
-Sex
-Age
-Personal and family history of stroke
-Race: African Americans are most likely to get a stroke
-Can be genetic or environment
✔✔controllable stroke factors - ✔✔-Weight
-Diet
-Smoking
-Drinking
-Systolic: pressure in arteries when heart beats
-Diastolic: pressure in arteries between heartbeats
✔✔ischemic strokes - ✔✔caused by blockage of an artery (80%)
✔✔cerebral thrombosis - ✔✔-Accounts for 50% of all strokes
-Blood clot forms in an artery
-Usually seen in older people
-High cholesterol
✔✔cerebral embolism - ✔✔blood clot travels to the brain, buildup of fatty plaque
✔✔hemorrhagic stroke - ✔✔caused by bleeding in the brain (20%)
✔✔central hemorrhage - ✔✔-A blood vessel in the brain bursts and bleed (aneurysm)
-When an artery bleeds, the brain does not receive oxygen and nutrients
-Pressure builds up in surrounding tissues, and causes irritation and swelling
