FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 2026
EDITION COMPLETE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
COMPREHENSIVE NCLEX-RN STUDY
GUIDE
chronic pain - CORRECT ANSWER-pain that may be limited, intermittent, or
persistent but that lasts beyond the normal healing period
physiological measures that indicate pain - CORRECT ANSWER-increased
blood pressure and pulse
meaning of healing - CORRECT ANSWER-mending and getting better from
disease
6 classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-supply energy: carbs, proteins,
lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
carbs - CORRECT ANSWER--sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
-most abundant and least expensive
,-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
protein - CORRECT ANSWER--required for formation of all body structures
-based on amino acid composition
-animal proteins are complete, plant proteins are incomplete
-RDA for adults is 0.8g/kg
fats - CORRECT ANSWER--insoluble in water and blood
-composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- 95% of lipids in diet are triglycerides
-most animal fats are saturated
-most vegetable fats are unsaturated
-digestion occurs largely in small intestine
-most concentrated source of energy in diet
-RDA not established, 20-35% total calorie intake
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER--organic compounds needed by the body in
small amounts
-most are active in form of coenzymes
-classified as water soluble or fat soluble
-absorbed through intestinal wall (small intestine) directly into
bloodstream
-needed for metablolism
, minerals - CORRECT ANSWER--inorganic elements found in all body fluids
and tissues
-some function to provide structure in the body, others help regulate body
processes
-contained in ash that remains after digestion
-macrominerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium
-microminerals include iron, zinc, manganese, and iodine
water - CORRECT ANSWER--accounts for between 50% and 60% of adults
total weight
-2/3 of body water is contained within the cells (ICF)
-the remainder of body water is extracellular fluid, body fluids
-acts as solvent, aids digestion
pronation - CORRECT ANSWER-face down; laying on your stomach
supination - CORRECT ANSWER-face up; laying on your back (spine)
inversion - CORRECT ANSWER-turning foot inward
eversion - CORRECT ANSWER-turning foot outward
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - CORRECT ANSWER-CNS;
going to your brain
EDITION COMPLETE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WITH DETAILED RATIONALES
COMPREHENSIVE NCLEX-RN STUDY
GUIDE
chronic pain - CORRECT ANSWER-pain that may be limited, intermittent, or
persistent but that lasts beyond the normal healing period
physiological measures that indicate pain - CORRECT ANSWER-increased
blood pressure and pulse
meaning of healing - CORRECT ANSWER-mending and getting better from
disease
6 classes of nutrients - CORRECT ANSWER-supply energy: carbs, proteins,
lipids
regulate body processes: vitamins, minerals, water
carbs - CORRECT ANSWER--sugars and starches
-organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
-lactose is an animal source
-most abundant and least expensive
,-classified as simple or complex sugars
-converted to glucose for transport through blood
-50-100g needed daily to prevent ketosis
protein - CORRECT ANSWER--required for formation of all body structures
-based on amino acid composition
-animal proteins are complete, plant proteins are incomplete
-RDA for adults is 0.8g/kg
fats - CORRECT ANSWER--insoluble in water and blood
-composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- 95% of lipids in diet are triglycerides
-most animal fats are saturated
-most vegetable fats are unsaturated
-digestion occurs largely in small intestine
-most concentrated source of energy in diet
-RDA not established, 20-35% total calorie intake
Vitamins - CORRECT ANSWER--organic compounds needed by the body in
small amounts
-most are active in form of coenzymes
-classified as water soluble or fat soluble
-absorbed through intestinal wall (small intestine) directly into
bloodstream
-needed for metablolism
, minerals - CORRECT ANSWER--inorganic elements found in all body fluids
and tissues
-some function to provide structure in the body, others help regulate body
processes
-contained in ash that remains after digestion
-macrominerals include calcium, phosphorus, magnesium
-microminerals include iron, zinc, manganese, and iodine
water - CORRECT ANSWER--accounts for between 50% and 60% of adults
total weight
-2/3 of body water is contained within the cells (ICF)
-the remainder of body water is extracellular fluid, body fluids
-acts as solvent, aids digestion
pronation - CORRECT ANSWER-face down; laying on your stomach
supination - CORRECT ANSWER-face up; laying on your back (spine)
inversion - CORRECT ANSWER-turning foot inward
eversion - CORRECT ANSWER-turning foot outward
afferent nervous system conveys info to the - CORRECT ANSWER-CNS;
going to your brain
