STRAIGHTERLINE PSY120 FINAL EXAM
ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ free recall.
Answer: testing condition in which a person is asked to remember info
without explicit retrieval cues
⩥ cued recall.
Answer: testing condition in which people are given an explicit retrieval
cue to help them remember
⩥ encoding-retrieval match.
Answer: using a cue that matches the retrieval cues given for the
encoded memory (ex. wagon bank, instead of piggy bank) -- memory =
context dependent
⩥ transfer-appropriate processing.
Answer: idea that the likelihood of correct retrieval is increased if a
person uses the same kind of mental processes during testing that he or
she used during encoding (ex. tugboat picture vs what rhymes with
"tug")
,⩥ schema.
Answer: an organized knowledge structure in LTM (ex. college students
sleep late, listen to loud music)
(add details to a larger generic framework)
⩥ How can schema-based remembering lead to false memories?.
Answer: add details to a larger generic framework
-added "angry" to word list because it fit the theme
-thought you had cereal 2 weeks ago bc that was routine
⩥ What do Elizabeth Loftus experiments demonstrate about schema-
based remembering.
Answer: -different word choice impacts memory
-word gives person schema for the event
-the more people repeat these memories, the more certain they become,
even if distorted
⩥ misinformation effect.
Answer: wording of questions can guide well-intentioned people in one
direction or the other
,⩥ Think about the Robert Cotton case. Understand how and why
eyewitness testimony memories can get distorted, yet people can remain
so confident they are accurate. What happens when people are presented
with a lineup and asked if they see the suspect in the lineup? (hint: they
compare all the people in the lineup to their memory and try to find the
person that BEST matches their memory out of everyone in the line. But
what if the real criminal isn't there?). After somebody picks somebody
out of a lineup, is it easy for the face of the person they "picked" to now
appear in their memory instead of the real perpetrator? Is it particularly
easy for people to become confident in this new memory if they receive
feedback that indicates they probably picked "right"? How should eye
witness recognition probably be done? Think about who should conduct
the witness interviews, whether witnesses should see lineups or a series
of ind.
Answer: -when people are given a lineup, they think they have to pick
someone from it, even if the suspect isn't there
-once the victim picks the person, they begin to re-picture the innocent,
picked suspect in their memory
-when they get feedback that they're "right" it further affirms their
decision
-eye witness recognition should be done with non-leading questions,
immediately after crime, and unbiasedly
-better to give witness series of pictures presented one by one
⩥ implicit explicit memory.
Answer: remembering that occurs without conscious awareness or
willful intent
, ⩥ explicit memory.
Answer: conscious, willful remembering
⩥ retroactive interference.
Answer: recently learned material interferes with ability to remember
some older material ("home address")
⩥ proactive interference.
Answer: older material interferes with ability to remember similar, more
recently learned material (ex. English > Portuguese)
⩥ repression.
Answer: argued by Freud as a defense mechanism that people use
(unknowingly) to push threatening thoughts, memories, and feelings out
of conscious awareness
⩥ theories of why we "forget"..
Answer: -forgetting is "cue dependent"
-memories fade with passage of time in accordance with "law of use" -->
decay
⩥ decay.
ACTUAL SCRIPT 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ free recall.
Answer: testing condition in which a person is asked to remember info
without explicit retrieval cues
⩥ cued recall.
Answer: testing condition in which people are given an explicit retrieval
cue to help them remember
⩥ encoding-retrieval match.
Answer: using a cue that matches the retrieval cues given for the
encoded memory (ex. wagon bank, instead of piggy bank) -- memory =
context dependent
⩥ transfer-appropriate processing.
Answer: idea that the likelihood of correct retrieval is increased if a
person uses the same kind of mental processes during testing that he or
she used during encoding (ex. tugboat picture vs what rhymes with
"tug")
,⩥ schema.
Answer: an organized knowledge structure in LTM (ex. college students
sleep late, listen to loud music)
(add details to a larger generic framework)
⩥ How can schema-based remembering lead to false memories?.
Answer: add details to a larger generic framework
-added "angry" to word list because it fit the theme
-thought you had cereal 2 weeks ago bc that was routine
⩥ What do Elizabeth Loftus experiments demonstrate about schema-
based remembering.
Answer: -different word choice impacts memory
-word gives person schema for the event
-the more people repeat these memories, the more certain they become,
even if distorted
⩥ misinformation effect.
Answer: wording of questions can guide well-intentioned people in one
direction or the other
,⩥ Think about the Robert Cotton case. Understand how and why
eyewitness testimony memories can get distorted, yet people can remain
so confident they are accurate. What happens when people are presented
with a lineup and asked if they see the suspect in the lineup? (hint: they
compare all the people in the lineup to their memory and try to find the
person that BEST matches their memory out of everyone in the line. But
what if the real criminal isn't there?). After somebody picks somebody
out of a lineup, is it easy for the face of the person they "picked" to now
appear in their memory instead of the real perpetrator? Is it particularly
easy for people to become confident in this new memory if they receive
feedback that indicates they probably picked "right"? How should eye
witness recognition probably be done? Think about who should conduct
the witness interviews, whether witnesses should see lineups or a series
of ind.
Answer: -when people are given a lineup, they think they have to pick
someone from it, even if the suspect isn't there
-once the victim picks the person, they begin to re-picture the innocent,
picked suspect in their memory
-when they get feedback that they're "right" it further affirms their
decision
-eye witness recognition should be done with non-leading questions,
immediately after crime, and unbiasedly
-better to give witness series of pictures presented one by one
⩥ implicit explicit memory.
Answer: remembering that occurs without conscious awareness or
willful intent
, ⩥ explicit memory.
Answer: conscious, willful remembering
⩥ retroactive interference.
Answer: recently learned material interferes with ability to remember
some older material ("home address")
⩥ proactive interference.
Answer: older material interferes with ability to remember similar, more
recently learned material (ex. English > Portuguese)
⩥ repression.
Answer: argued by Freud as a defense mechanism that people use
(unknowingly) to push threatening thoughts, memories, and feelings out
of conscious awareness
⩥ theories of why we "forget"..
Answer: -forgetting is "cue dependent"
-memories fade with passage of time in accordance with "law of use" -->
decay
⩥ decay.
