AQA GCSE COMBINED SCIENCE: TRILOGY
8464/B/2F BIOLOGY PAPER 2F PAPER
& MARK SCHEME FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ What is the name of the substance when the enzyme's active site has turned
the substrate into two products?.
Answer: Enzyme product complex
◍ Food Security.
Answer: Factors affecting:- Increasing population-New pests and
pathogens-Weather change-War
◍ Reflex actions.
Answer: Help t protect us from danger-Stimulus is detected by a
receptor-Electrical impulses travel along the sensory neuron-At a synapse a
chemical is released-The impulse travels along the relay neuron-It goes
along the motor neuron to an effector
◍ How are fish adapted for gas exchange?.
Answer: -Each gill is made up of lots of gill filaments which create a large
surface area for the exchange of gases-Gill filaments are covered in lamellae
which increase the surface even more-The lamellae have lots of blood
capillaries to speed up diffusion-The lamellae have a thin surface layer of
cells to minimise the diffusion distance-Blood flows through the lamellae
one way and water flows over in the opposite direction which maintains a
higher concentration gradient between the blood and the water-The
concentration of oxygen in the water is always higher than that in the blood
, to maximise the amount of oxygen diffusion from the water into the blood
◍ What do carbohydrases break down?.
Answer: Carbohydrates into simple sugars
◍ What do arteries do?.
Answer: -They carry blood under high amounts of pressure-Their walls are
strong, elastic and thick-They have the smallest lumens-They contain thick
layers of muscle to make them strong and elastic fibres to allow them to
stretch and spring back
◍ Myopia.
Answer: Short sightedness. The eyeball is too long so the light is focused in
front of the retina so can't focus on distant objects. Fixed by a concave lens
◍ Homeostasis.
Answer: The regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to
maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal and
external changes
◍ efficiency =.
Answer: gain in biomass / total biomass intake
◍ Where are proteases found?.
Answer: They're made in the stomach (called pepsin here) and the pancreas
and found in the small intestine
◍ Menstrual Cycle.
Answer: 1. FSH released by pituitary gland2. FSH travels in the blood to
ovaries where it causes an egg to mature3. FSH triggers oestrogen
production4. Oestrogen causes uterine lining to thicken5. Oestrogen inhibits
FSH6. Pituitary gland releases LH7. LH triggers ovulation8. Ovary
produces progesterone9. Progesterone inhibits LH and FSH10. Progesterone
keeps lining thick
◍ How does amylase break down starch?.
Answer: 1) The starch substrate fits into the active site of the amylase to
, form a complimentary shape2) The bonds in the substrate are broken to
form two smaller substrates
◍ Fungi reproduction.
Answer: Releases spores in air or water is asexually or can be sexually.
◍ Abiotic factors.
Answer: Non living e.g light, temp, water, wind and oxygen
◍ What is osmosis?.
Answer: Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a
partially permeable cell membrane from an area of high water concentration
to an area of low water concentration
◍ Food chain.
Answer: Starts with a producer
◍ Hyperopia.
Answer: Long sightedness. Can't focus on nearby objects. The eyeball is too
short or the lens is less elastic and the light is focused behind the retina.
Fixed by a convex lens
◍ Iris.
Answer: Coloured part. Controls pupil size
◍ Chemical defences of plants.
Answer: 1) Antibacterial chemicals - these kill bacteria and are found in
mint plants and witch hazels2) Poisons helped to deter herbivores from
eating them e.g. tobacco plants, foxgloves and deadly nightshade
◍ Extinction.
Answer: Happens as a result of - a catastrophic event- environmental
changes- new diseases or predator- a more successful species
◍ Examples of active transport.
Answer: Plants = Root hairs absorb minerals and water. Each branch of a
root will be covered in tiny hairs, therefore increasing the surface area for
the absorption of minerals and water. The concentration of minerals is
, usually higher in the root hair cells than in the soil around them, therefore
they can't use diffusion for this process.Animals = Glucose is taken in from
the gut and from kidney tubules.
◍ Body temp too high.
Answer: Sweat released takes energyCapillaries dialate vasodilation
◍ Giberelims.
Answer: Starts the germination of seeds. Make plants flower and produce
larger fruits
◍ Gametes.
Answer: Sex cells, sperm and egg. Chromosomes are single not paired. They
are made by meiosis
◍ Cornea.
Answer: Focuses light rays
◍ Darwin.
Answer: Studied fossils and geology to discover evolution by natural
selection (the more adapted animals are more likely to survive). 1859 origin
of the species..People didn't agree because of strong religious beliefs, not
enough evidence and no knowledge of genetics
◍ Adult cell cloning.
Answer: 1. Take a body cell and remove the nucleus2. Take an egg cell and
remove the nucleus3. Put the body cell nucleus in the egg cell3. Give the
cell an electric shock so it splits4. Insert the embryo that forms into a womb
◍ Human genome.
Answer: It is the entire genetic material that makes a human. Understanding
it will allow us to search for certain genes linked to disease, understand
inheritance and trace migration patterns.
◍ Gonorrhoea.
Answer: Bacterial diseaseSexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by
sexual contact e.g. unprotected sexSymptoms: pain when urinating; thick
8464/B/2F BIOLOGY PAPER 2F PAPER
& MARK SCHEME FINAL TEST 2026
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◍ What is the name of the substance when the enzyme's active site has turned
the substrate into two products?.
Answer: Enzyme product complex
◍ Food Security.
Answer: Factors affecting:- Increasing population-New pests and
pathogens-Weather change-War
◍ Reflex actions.
Answer: Help t protect us from danger-Stimulus is detected by a
receptor-Electrical impulses travel along the sensory neuron-At a synapse a
chemical is released-The impulse travels along the relay neuron-It goes
along the motor neuron to an effector
◍ How are fish adapted for gas exchange?.
Answer: -Each gill is made up of lots of gill filaments which create a large
surface area for the exchange of gases-Gill filaments are covered in lamellae
which increase the surface even more-The lamellae have lots of blood
capillaries to speed up diffusion-The lamellae have a thin surface layer of
cells to minimise the diffusion distance-Blood flows through the lamellae
one way and water flows over in the opposite direction which maintains a
higher concentration gradient between the blood and the water-The
concentration of oxygen in the water is always higher than that in the blood
, to maximise the amount of oxygen diffusion from the water into the blood
◍ What do carbohydrases break down?.
Answer: Carbohydrates into simple sugars
◍ What do arteries do?.
Answer: -They carry blood under high amounts of pressure-Their walls are
strong, elastic and thick-They have the smallest lumens-They contain thick
layers of muscle to make them strong and elastic fibres to allow them to
stretch and spring back
◍ Myopia.
Answer: Short sightedness. The eyeball is too long so the light is focused in
front of the retina so can't focus on distant objects. Fixed by a concave lens
◍ Homeostasis.
Answer: The regulation of the internal conditions of a cell or organism to
maintain optimum conditions for function in response to internal and
external changes
◍ efficiency =.
Answer: gain in biomass / total biomass intake
◍ Where are proteases found?.
Answer: They're made in the stomach (called pepsin here) and the pancreas
and found in the small intestine
◍ Menstrual Cycle.
Answer: 1. FSH released by pituitary gland2. FSH travels in the blood to
ovaries where it causes an egg to mature3. FSH triggers oestrogen
production4. Oestrogen causes uterine lining to thicken5. Oestrogen inhibits
FSH6. Pituitary gland releases LH7. LH triggers ovulation8. Ovary
produces progesterone9. Progesterone inhibits LH and FSH10. Progesterone
keeps lining thick
◍ How does amylase break down starch?.
Answer: 1) The starch substrate fits into the active site of the amylase to
, form a complimentary shape2) The bonds in the substrate are broken to
form two smaller substrates
◍ Fungi reproduction.
Answer: Releases spores in air or water is asexually or can be sexually.
◍ Abiotic factors.
Answer: Non living e.g light, temp, water, wind and oxygen
◍ What is osmosis?.
Answer: Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a
partially permeable cell membrane from an area of high water concentration
to an area of low water concentration
◍ Food chain.
Answer: Starts with a producer
◍ Hyperopia.
Answer: Long sightedness. Can't focus on nearby objects. The eyeball is too
short or the lens is less elastic and the light is focused behind the retina.
Fixed by a convex lens
◍ Iris.
Answer: Coloured part. Controls pupil size
◍ Chemical defences of plants.
Answer: 1) Antibacterial chemicals - these kill bacteria and are found in
mint plants and witch hazels2) Poisons helped to deter herbivores from
eating them e.g. tobacco plants, foxgloves and deadly nightshade
◍ Extinction.
Answer: Happens as a result of - a catastrophic event- environmental
changes- new diseases or predator- a more successful species
◍ Examples of active transport.
Answer: Plants = Root hairs absorb minerals and water. Each branch of a
root will be covered in tiny hairs, therefore increasing the surface area for
the absorption of minerals and water. The concentration of minerals is
, usually higher in the root hair cells than in the soil around them, therefore
they can't use diffusion for this process.Animals = Glucose is taken in from
the gut and from kidney tubules.
◍ Body temp too high.
Answer: Sweat released takes energyCapillaries dialate vasodilation
◍ Giberelims.
Answer: Starts the germination of seeds. Make plants flower and produce
larger fruits
◍ Gametes.
Answer: Sex cells, sperm and egg. Chromosomes are single not paired. They
are made by meiosis
◍ Cornea.
Answer: Focuses light rays
◍ Darwin.
Answer: Studied fossils and geology to discover evolution by natural
selection (the more adapted animals are more likely to survive). 1859 origin
of the species..People didn't agree because of strong religious beliefs, not
enough evidence and no knowledge of genetics
◍ Adult cell cloning.
Answer: 1. Take a body cell and remove the nucleus2. Take an egg cell and
remove the nucleus3. Put the body cell nucleus in the egg cell3. Give the
cell an electric shock so it splits4. Insert the embryo that forms into a womb
◍ Human genome.
Answer: It is the entire genetic material that makes a human. Understanding
it will allow us to search for certain genes linked to disease, understand
inheritance and trace migration patterns.
◍ Gonorrhoea.
Answer: Bacterial diseaseSexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by
sexual contact e.g. unprotected sexSymptoms: pain when urinating; thick
