CSD 210 Exam 2 Part 1 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

CSD 210 Exam 2 Part 1 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Brainstem Overview - CORRECT ANSWERS -consists of midbrain, pons, and
medulla
-performs spinal cord-like functions for the head and neck with tracts running through it in
both directions
-performs special sensory functions like olfaction, sight, hearing, equilibrium, and taste
-serves as conduit for the ascending and descending tracts connecting the spinal cord to
higher centers of the forebrain


Midbrain Functions - CORRECT ANSWERS -associated with vision, hearing, motor
control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation


Pons Functions - CORRECT ANSWERS -contains tracts that carry signals from the
cerebrum to the medulla and cerebellum, and tracts that carry sensory signals to the thalamus


By the cerebellar peduncles - CORRECT ANSWERS How does the pons connect to
the cerebellum?


Medulla Functions - CORRECT ANSWERS -contains the cardiac, respiratory,
vomiting, and vasomotor centers dealing with heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure


Ventral Brainstem Landmarks - CORRECT ANSWERS -optic nerve
-optic chiasm
-optic tract
-cerebral peduncles
-pyramidal tract
-pyramidal decussation


Doral Brainstem Landmarks - CORRECT ANSWERS -superior and inferior colliculus
-superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar peduncles

,-cuneatus and gracilis fasciculus


Medulla Overview - CORRECT ANSWERS -home to corticospinal tract,
spinothalamic tract, the posterior column (contains fasciculus and fasciculus cuneatus
terminating), the inferior olivary nucleus
-embryonic neural tube pushed to form the floor of the fourth ventricle
-CN XII (hypoglossal) nerve rootlet
-CN IX, X, XI, XII


Medial Lemniscus - CORRECT ANSWERS What do the gracile and the cunate cross
to form at the posterior column nuclei of the medulla?


Caudal Medulla - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Rostral Medulla - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Pons Overview - CORRECT ANSWERS -features the fourth ventricle in the center
-where the inferior olivary nucleus ends
-cerebellar peduncles are visible here
-pyramidal tracts are more dispersed
-features corticospinal tract
-pontine nuclei occupies most of the space
-CN V, VI, VII, VIII


Caudal Pons - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Rostral Pons - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Midbrain Overview - CORRECT ANSWERS -where fourth ventricle is narrowed to
become the cerebral aqueduct

, -home to the periaqueductal gray, spinothalamic tract, medial lemniscus, corticospinal tract,
red nucleus, substantia nigra
-CN III, IV


Caudal Midbrain - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Rostral Midbrain - CORRECT ANSWERS What section is this?



Cranial Nerve Overview - CORRECT ANSWERS -part of PNS
-exit CNS via foramina or fissures
-connect to brain
-lower motor neurons of the corticobulbar system


Primarily Sensory CNs - CORRECT ANSWERS -I, II, VIII



Primarily Motor CNs - CORRECT ANSWERS -III, IV, VI, XI, XII



Mixed Sensory and Motor CNs - CORRECT ANSWERS -V, VII, IX



Somatic Sensory Nerve Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS -fibers convey information
from receptive endings for pain, temperature, and mechanical stimuli in skin, muscles, joints


Visceral Sensory Nerve Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS -fibers convey information
from receptive endings in structures like blood vessel walls or walls of digestive tract


Visceral Motor Nerve Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS -fibers have autonomic axons



Somatic Motor Nerve Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS -fibers innervate skeletal muscle



General Nerve Fibers - CORRECT ANSWERS -broad receptors and neurons that serve
typical functions