NSG 3113 RN Learning System Pharmacology Final
Exam 2026/2027 Questions And Correct Answers
Graded A+ UTA
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has postmenopausal osteoporosis and
a new prescription for intranasal calcitonin-salmon. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will administer a spray into each nostril daily."
B. "I should expect nasal bleeding for the first week."
C. "I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump."
D. "I should expect to take this medication for a short-term course of treatment."
C. "I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump."
Explanation: The nurse should instruct the client to activate the pump on the initial
use by holding the bottle upright and depressing the two white side arms toward
the bottle six times.
A. The nurse should instruct the client to administer calcitonin-salmon to one
nostril daily, alternating nostrils.
B. The nurse should instruct the client that nasal bleeding, or ulcerations, are
indications to discontinue the medication and to notify the provider if nasal
bleeding occurs.
D. Calcitonin-salmon is a long-term treatment therapy for postmenopausal
osteoporosis. The medication has no documented long-term adverse effects.
,A nurse in an outpatient facility is assessing a client who is prescribed furosemide
40 mg daily, but the client reports that she has been taking extra doses to promote
weight loss. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the
client is dehydrated?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.035
B. Distended neck veins
C. BUN 18 mg/dL
D. Bouding radial pulses
A. Urine specific gravity 1.035
Explanation: Oliguria, increased urine concentration, and an increase in urine
specific gravity greater than 1.030 are expected findings in clients who are
dehydrated.
B. Distended neck veins are indicators of fluid volume excess, not dehydration or
fluid volume deficit.
C. Elevations in laboratory values such as BUN, hematocrit, and others, can be
seen in a client who is dehydrated. A BUN of 18 mg/dL is within the expected
reference range.
D. Full, bounding radial pulses are an indicator of fluid volume excess, not
dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
,A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 900 units/hr via IV infusion. The
amount available is heparin 25,000 units in 500 mL 5% dextrose in water. The
nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to
the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing
zero.)
18 mL/hr
A nurse is assessing a client who reports using several herbal and vitamin
supplements daily, including saw palmetto. The nurse should recognize that saw
palmetto is a supplement used by clients to elicit which of the following
therapeutic effects?
A. Urinary health promotion
B. Immune system stimulation
C. Decreased leg pain from arterial disease
D. Prevention of nausea caused by motion sickness
A. Urinary health promotion
Explanation: Saw palmetto is used primarily for manifestations related to prostatic
conditions, such as benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Its effectiveness has not
been scientifically proven, however. The nurse should teach the client to check
with the provider about interactions between saw palmetto and other medications.
B.Echinacea is a popular herb widely used in the U.S. primarily to reduce the
manifestations and duration of colds and flu-like illnesses, although its
effectiveness has not been proven.
C. Ginkgo biloba has become a widely used dietary supplement in the United
States for increasing cognitive functions in elderly people, although this effect has
, not been proven. Ginkgo has been shown to improve leg pain of intermittent
claudication and other peripheral arterial disorders.
D. Ginger root is sometimes used to prevent and treat nausea caused by motion
sickness, seasickness, and other causes.
A nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a 6-year-old client who has
asthma and several prescription medications using metered dose inhalers (MDIs).
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Add a spacer to each MDI
B. Instruct the child to inhale more rapidly than usual when using an MDI
C. Request that the provider change the child's medications from inhaled to oral
formulations.
D. Administer oxygen by facemask along with the MDI
A. Add a spacer to each MDI
Explanation: MDIs are difficult to use correctly and, even when properly used,
only a portion of the medication is delivered to the lungs. A spacer applied to an
MDI can make up for lack of hand-lung coordination by increasing the amount of
medication delivered to the lungs.
B. The client who uses an inhaler should be taught to inhale the medication slowly
over 3 to 5 seconds for maximum effectiveness.
C. There are advantages to delivering medications for asthma by inhalation,
including enhanced therapeutic effects, decreased systemic adverse effects, and
Exam 2026/2027 Questions And Correct Answers
Graded A+ UTA
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has postmenopausal osteoporosis and
a new prescription for intranasal calcitonin-salmon. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will administer a spray into each nostril daily."
B. "I should expect nasal bleeding for the first week."
C. "I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump."
D. "I should expect to take this medication for a short-term course of treatment."
C. "I will need to depress the side arms to activate the pump."
Explanation: The nurse should instruct the client to activate the pump on the initial
use by holding the bottle upright and depressing the two white side arms toward
the bottle six times.
A. The nurse should instruct the client to administer calcitonin-salmon to one
nostril daily, alternating nostrils.
B. The nurse should instruct the client that nasal bleeding, or ulcerations, are
indications to discontinue the medication and to notify the provider if nasal
bleeding occurs.
D. Calcitonin-salmon is a long-term treatment therapy for postmenopausal
osteoporosis. The medication has no documented long-term adverse effects.
,A nurse in an outpatient facility is assessing a client who is prescribed furosemide
40 mg daily, but the client reports that she has been taking extra doses to promote
weight loss. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the
client is dehydrated?
A. Urine specific gravity 1.035
B. Distended neck veins
C. BUN 18 mg/dL
D. Bouding radial pulses
A. Urine specific gravity 1.035
Explanation: Oliguria, increased urine concentration, and an increase in urine
specific gravity greater than 1.030 are expected findings in clients who are
dehydrated.
B. Distended neck veins are indicators of fluid volume excess, not dehydration or
fluid volume deficit.
C. Elevations in laboratory values such as BUN, hematocrit, and others, can be
seen in a client who is dehydrated. A BUN of 18 mg/dL is within the expected
reference range.
D. Full, bounding radial pulses are an indicator of fluid volume excess, not
dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
,A nurse is preparing to administer heparin 900 units/hr via IV infusion. The
amount available is heparin 25,000 units in 500 mL 5% dextrose in water. The
nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to
the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing
zero.)
18 mL/hr
A nurse is assessing a client who reports using several herbal and vitamin
supplements daily, including saw palmetto. The nurse should recognize that saw
palmetto is a supplement used by clients to elicit which of the following
therapeutic effects?
A. Urinary health promotion
B. Immune system stimulation
C. Decreased leg pain from arterial disease
D. Prevention of nausea caused by motion sickness
A. Urinary health promotion
Explanation: Saw palmetto is used primarily for manifestations related to prostatic
conditions, such as benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). Its effectiveness has not
been scientifically proven, however. The nurse should teach the client to check
with the provider about interactions between saw palmetto and other medications.
B.Echinacea is a popular herb widely used in the U.S. primarily to reduce the
manifestations and duration of colds and flu-like illnesses, although its
effectiveness has not been proven.
C. Ginkgo biloba has become a widely used dietary supplement in the United
States for increasing cognitive functions in elderly people, although this effect has
, not been proven. Ginkgo has been shown to improve leg pain of intermittent
claudication and other peripheral arterial disorders.
D. Ginger root is sometimes used to prevent and treat nausea caused by motion
sickness, seasickness, and other causes.
A nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for a 6-year-old client who has
asthma and several prescription medications using metered dose inhalers (MDIs).
Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Add a spacer to each MDI
B. Instruct the child to inhale more rapidly than usual when using an MDI
C. Request that the provider change the child's medications from inhaled to oral
formulations.
D. Administer oxygen by facemask along with the MDI
A. Add a spacer to each MDI
Explanation: MDIs are difficult to use correctly and, even when properly used,
only a portion of the medication is delivered to the lungs. A spacer applied to an
MDI can make up for lack of hand-lung coordination by increasing the amount of
medication delivered to the lungs.
B. The client who uses an inhaler should be taught to inhale the medication slowly
over 3 to 5 seconds for maximum effectiveness.
C. There are advantages to delivering medications for asthma by inhalation,
including enhanced therapeutic effects, decreased systemic adverse effects, and
