ANP 300 EXAM 2 || with Error-free Answers.
CNS correct answers brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system correct answers -cranial and spinal nerves and ganglion
-Sensory stimulus collected by peripheral nervous and transported to the central nervous system
and then there is a response back
S.A.M.E correct answers Sensory Afferent
Motor Efferent
neuron correct answers sense stimuli and transmit signals
dendrites correct answers receive information
axon correct answers transmit information
synaptic terminals correct answers communication only flows one way—SENSORY
Multipolar correct answers multiple connection to cell body--SENSORY
Bipolar correct answers two connections to cell body—UNCOMMON--SENSORY
Unipolar correct answers axon has two parts the dendritic process and the synaptic or central
process—MOTOR
,shwann cell correct answers PNS--responsible for the conduction of nervous impulses along
axons, nerve development and regeneration, trophic support for neurons, production of the nerve
extracellular matrix, modulation of neuromuscular synaptic activity,
oligodendrocytes correct answers CNS—can encase multiple axons and multiple area on an axon
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS correct answers affects oligodendrocytes—progressive demyelination
of neurons in the CNS—hardening of the oligodendrocyes—affects whites the most
glial cells correct answers support neurons
NERVE IMPULSES correct answers --rapid uni-directional movement of an electrical signal
Goes from cell body to synaptic terminals
--All or nothing action- electrical impulse is either on or off
--Resting state→ Stimulus→ beginning of action potential depolarization of plasma
membrane→repolarization of plasma membrane end of action potential→hyperpolarization=
refractory period
plasma membrane is polarized in resting state correct answers stimulus opens ion channels and
depolarization occurs- potassium reenters the cell and that is repolarization
Salutatory conduction correct answers electrical transfer only occurs between the nodes ranvier
between myelin sheaths—faster conduction than continuous!
Diameter of axon increases speed of signal correct answers • Myelinated fibers that have large
diameter move extremely fast compared to thin unmyelinated axons
• Learned about axons through studying squid
TRANSMISSION correct answers • Synapse=junction of axons with other neurons or with
muscle or gland cells ex neuromuscular junction and Ach in the shortening of sarcomeres—
chemical synapse
, • Presynaptic cell→post synaptic cell
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION correct answers most common—between most neurons and
all muscles and glands—excitatory or inhibitory
ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION correct answers less common but faster—plasma
membranes of two cells form gap junctions direct contact—gap junctions can be bidirectional—
ex cardiac muscle cells intercalcted disc also in the retina and smooth muscle
PNS correct answers somatic and visceral
• Somatic=sensory(temp, pressure, vision, taste)skin and skeletal=localized information and
motor(skeletal) voluntary
• Visceral+sensory(blood vessels and visera) )==vague non-localized info ex bloating
//motor/autonomic (smooth and cardiac muscle and glands)==things you don't have to think/
control
NERVOUS TISSUE correct answers nerve→surrouned by a layer of dense connective tissue
=epineurium → inside are blood vessel and fascicle→ inside that perineum=dense connective
tissue → axons surrounding by myelin sheath and surrounded by endonurium=loose connective
tissue=areolar aka web like tissue
SPINAL CORD correct answers Spinal cord sit in vertebral canal, ends at L1—cervical part,
thoracic part, lumbar part, sacral paart, coccxgeal part=does not directly match up with spine
CROSS SECTION correct answers white matter has a lot of myelinated neurons—and gray
matter hold cell bodies=shape changes in different parts of the spine, contains dorsal horn
(smaller) and ventral horn (larger)
SPINAL MENINGES correct answers vertebral canal→epidural space→dura mater-tough
mother→arachnoid mater→sub arachnoid space→pia mater→spinal cord
CNS correct answers brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system correct answers -cranial and spinal nerves and ganglion
-Sensory stimulus collected by peripheral nervous and transported to the central nervous system
and then there is a response back
S.A.M.E correct answers Sensory Afferent
Motor Efferent
neuron correct answers sense stimuli and transmit signals
dendrites correct answers receive information
axon correct answers transmit information
synaptic terminals correct answers communication only flows one way—SENSORY
Multipolar correct answers multiple connection to cell body--SENSORY
Bipolar correct answers two connections to cell body—UNCOMMON--SENSORY
Unipolar correct answers axon has two parts the dendritic process and the synaptic or central
process—MOTOR
,shwann cell correct answers PNS--responsible for the conduction of nervous impulses along
axons, nerve development and regeneration, trophic support for neurons, production of the nerve
extracellular matrix, modulation of neuromuscular synaptic activity,
oligodendrocytes correct answers CNS—can encase multiple axons and multiple area on an axon
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS correct answers affects oligodendrocytes—progressive demyelination
of neurons in the CNS—hardening of the oligodendrocyes—affects whites the most
glial cells correct answers support neurons
NERVE IMPULSES correct answers --rapid uni-directional movement of an electrical signal
Goes from cell body to synaptic terminals
--All or nothing action- electrical impulse is either on or off
--Resting state→ Stimulus→ beginning of action potential depolarization of plasma
membrane→repolarization of plasma membrane end of action potential→hyperpolarization=
refractory period
plasma membrane is polarized in resting state correct answers stimulus opens ion channels and
depolarization occurs- potassium reenters the cell and that is repolarization
Salutatory conduction correct answers electrical transfer only occurs between the nodes ranvier
between myelin sheaths—faster conduction than continuous!
Diameter of axon increases speed of signal correct answers • Myelinated fibers that have large
diameter move extremely fast compared to thin unmyelinated axons
• Learned about axons through studying squid
TRANSMISSION correct answers • Synapse=junction of axons with other neurons or with
muscle or gland cells ex neuromuscular junction and Ach in the shortening of sarcomeres—
chemical synapse
, • Presynaptic cell→post synaptic cell
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION correct answers most common—between most neurons and
all muscles and glands—excitatory or inhibitory
ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION correct answers less common but faster—plasma
membranes of two cells form gap junctions direct contact—gap junctions can be bidirectional—
ex cardiac muscle cells intercalcted disc also in the retina and smooth muscle
PNS correct answers somatic and visceral
• Somatic=sensory(temp, pressure, vision, taste)skin and skeletal=localized information and
motor(skeletal) voluntary
• Visceral+sensory(blood vessels and visera) )==vague non-localized info ex bloating
//motor/autonomic (smooth and cardiac muscle and glands)==things you don't have to think/
control
NERVOUS TISSUE correct answers nerve→surrouned by a layer of dense connective tissue
=epineurium → inside are blood vessel and fascicle→ inside that perineum=dense connective
tissue → axons surrounding by myelin sheath and surrounded by endonurium=loose connective
tissue=areolar aka web like tissue
SPINAL CORD correct answers Spinal cord sit in vertebral canal, ends at L1—cervical part,
thoracic part, lumbar part, sacral paart, coccxgeal part=does not directly match up with spine
CROSS SECTION correct answers white matter has a lot of myelinated neurons—and gray
matter hold cell bodies=shape changes in different parts of the spine, contains dorsal horn
(smaller) and ventral horn (larger)
SPINAL MENINGES correct answers vertebral canal→epidural space→dura mater-tough
mother→arachnoid mater→sub arachnoid space→pia mater→spinal cord
