142 Exam 3 Latest Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026
Updated.
A married female patient has a history of repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs). What should
the nurse include in the assessment of this patient?
1. preferred method of birth control
2. employment status
3. height and weight
4. activity status - Answer Answer: 1 Risk factors for UTIs include sexual intercourse and the
use of diaphragm and spermicidal compounds for birth control.
The nurse is caring for an older patient who is prone to developing urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Which method of bladder emptying should the nurse recommend for this patient?
1. intermittent catheterization
2. indwelling urinary catheterizations
3. Credé method
4. timed intervals for taking patient to bathroom to void - Answer Answer: 1 Intermittent
catheterization carries a lower risk of infection and is preferred for patients who are unable to
empty the bladder by voiding.
A patient is diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis. The nurse recognizes that this patient is
prone to developing which health problem?
1. chronic kidney disease
2. cystitis
3. acute renal failure
4. renal calculi - Answer Answer: 1 Chronic pyelonephritis involves chronic inflammation and
scarring of the tubules and interstitial tissues of the kidney. It is a common cause of chronic
kidney disease.
A patient with an indwelling urinary catheter is exhibiting signs of asymptomatic bacteriuria.
What would be the best course of action for this patient?
1. removing the catheter and beginning antibiotic therapy
2. beginning intravenous antibiotic therapy
3. beginning 3-day course of oral antibiotic therapy
4. removing the catheter and monitoring for continued signs of bacteriuria - Answer Answer 1:
The preferred treatment for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) is to remove the
,indwelling catheter, then administer a 10- to 14-day course of oral antibiotic therapy to
eliminate the infection.
A female patient asks the nurse for ways to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections. How
should the nurse respond?
1. "Avoid douching."
2. "Clean the perineal area from back to front."
3. "Use feminine hygiene sprays."
4. "Wear clean nylon underpants." - Answer Answer: 1 The nurse should suggest measures to
maintain the integrity of perineal tissues, including avoiding douching.
A male patient comes to the emergency department with symptoms of renal colic. The nurse
realizes that this patient likely has a calculus that is obstructing which body structure?
1. ureter
2. bladder
3. renal pelvis
4. urethra - Answer Answer: 1 Renal colic is acute, severe flank pain on the affected side. It
develops when a stone obstructs the ureter and causes ureteral spasm.
A male patient has a history of calcium calculi. Which medication should the nurse expect to be
prescribed for this patient?
1. furosemide (Lasix)
2. penicillin (Pentids)
3. allopurinol (Alloprim)
4. NSAIDs - Answer Answer: 1 A thiazide diuretic, which is frequently prescribed for calcium
calculi, acts to reduce urinary calcium excretion and is very effective in preventing further
stones. Furosemide (Lasix) is a thiazide diuretic.
A male patient is admitted for removal of a bladder papilloma. What should the nurse assess in
this patient?
1. history of cigarette smoking
2. daily fluid intake
3. pedal pulses
4. appetite level - Answer Answer: 1 Carcinogenic breakdown products of certain chemicals
and from cigarette smoke are excreted in the urine and stored in the bladder, which possibly
causes a local influence on abnormal cell development. Cigarette smoking is the primary risk
factor for bladder cancer. The risk in smokers is twice that of nonsmokers.
,A patient is discharged after transurethral resection of a superficial bladder tumor. What should
the nurse include in this patient's discharge instructions? Select all that apply.
1. Avoid constipation and continue to use stool softener.
2. Increase fluid intake.
3. Maintain bed rest.
4. Call the physician if painless hematuria develops.
5. Make a follow-up appointment in 1 year. - Answer Answer: 1, 2, 4
Rationale 1: The patient should be instructed to avoid straining with stool and take a stool
softener.
Rationale 2: The patient should be instructed to increase fluids to 2,500-3,000 mL/day.
Rationale 4: The patient should be instructed to monitor for excessive bleeding.
A patient has had a renal stent removed. What should be included in the care of this patient?
1. monitoring urine output
2. encouraging ambulation
3. ensuring adequate protein intake
4. monitoring blood pressure - Answer Answer: 1 Urine output should be monitored closely
for the first 24 hours after stents removal. Edema or stricture of ureters may impede output and
lead to hydronephrosis and kidney damage.
A male patient with a urinary stoma says, "I looked at it while you were out of the room. It's not
so bad." The nurse realizes that this patient is demonstrating which behavior?
1. coping
2. denial
3. grief
4. anger - Answer Answer: 1 Adaptive mechanisms include learning as much as possible about
the surgery and its effects, practicing procedures, setting realistic goals, and rehearsing various
alternative outcomes. Accepting the stoma as part of the self is vital to adapting to the changed
body image and is indicated by a willingness to perform self-care.
A middle-aged male patient comes to the clinic complaining of "frequency" and voiding "small
amounts of urine at a time." The nurse realizes that this patient might be experiencing
symptoms of which health problem?
1. benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
2. cystitis
, 3. renal calculi
4. bladder cancer - Answer Answer: 1 Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a common cause
of urinary retention; difficulty initiating and maintaining urine flow is often the presenting
complaint in men with BPH.
A female patient is admitted with an overdistended bladder. Which diagnostic test can be done
to confirm the diagnosis of urine retention?
1. bladder scan
2. renal scan
3. intravenous pyelography (IVP)
4. MRI - Answer Answer: 1 Urinary retention is confirmed using a bladder scan.
While being catheterized for urinary retention, a patient becomes diaphoretic and pale. What
should the nurse do to help this patient?
1. The nurse should clamp the catheter after draining 500 mL of urine.
2. No action is needed, as this situation is transient.
3. The nurse should remove the urinary catheter.
4. The nurse should provide the patient with fluids. - Answer Answer: 1 Some patients may
experience a vasovagal response and become pale, sweaty, and hypotensive if the bladder is
rapidly drained. The nurse should be aware that it is a possible response in some patients and
be able to recognize and respond to it. Draining 500 mL increments and clamping the catheter
for 5 to 10 minutes between increments may prevent this response.
An older patient with diabetes is diagnosed with a flaccid bladder. What should be included in
the care of this patient?
1. instruction on the Credé method of bladder emptying
2. the importance of maintaining alkaline urine
3. instruction on the use of anticholinergic medications
4. reminder to restrict fluids - Answer Answer: 1 The Credé method (applying pressure to the
suprapubic region with the fingers of one or both hands), manual pressure on the abdomen,
and the Valsalva maneuver (bearing down while holding one's breath) promote bladder
emptying for the patient with a spastic or flaccid bladder.
A female patient is admitted with multiple medical problems and incontinence, regardless of
the position or situation. For which type of incontinence should the nurse plan care?
1. total
2. urge
3. stress
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026
Updated.
A married female patient has a history of repeated urinary tract infections (UTIs). What should
the nurse include in the assessment of this patient?
1. preferred method of birth control
2. employment status
3. height and weight
4. activity status - Answer Answer: 1 Risk factors for UTIs include sexual intercourse and the
use of diaphragm and spermicidal compounds for birth control.
The nurse is caring for an older patient who is prone to developing urinary tract infections
(UTIs). Which method of bladder emptying should the nurse recommend for this patient?
1. intermittent catheterization
2. indwelling urinary catheterizations
3. Credé method
4. timed intervals for taking patient to bathroom to void - Answer Answer: 1 Intermittent
catheterization carries a lower risk of infection and is preferred for patients who are unable to
empty the bladder by voiding.
A patient is diagnosed with chronic pyelonephritis. The nurse recognizes that this patient is
prone to developing which health problem?
1. chronic kidney disease
2. cystitis
3. acute renal failure
4. renal calculi - Answer Answer: 1 Chronic pyelonephritis involves chronic inflammation and
scarring of the tubules and interstitial tissues of the kidney. It is a common cause of chronic
kidney disease.
A patient with an indwelling urinary catheter is exhibiting signs of asymptomatic bacteriuria.
What would be the best course of action for this patient?
1. removing the catheter and beginning antibiotic therapy
2. beginning intravenous antibiotic therapy
3. beginning 3-day course of oral antibiotic therapy
4. removing the catheter and monitoring for continued signs of bacteriuria - Answer Answer 1:
The preferred treatment for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) is to remove the
,indwelling catheter, then administer a 10- to 14-day course of oral antibiotic therapy to
eliminate the infection.
A female patient asks the nurse for ways to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections. How
should the nurse respond?
1. "Avoid douching."
2. "Clean the perineal area from back to front."
3. "Use feminine hygiene sprays."
4. "Wear clean nylon underpants." - Answer Answer: 1 The nurse should suggest measures to
maintain the integrity of perineal tissues, including avoiding douching.
A male patient comes to the emergency department with symptoms of renal colic. The nurse
realizes that this patient likely has a calculus that is obstructing which body structure?
1. ureter
2. bladder
3. renal pelvis
4. urethra - Answer Answer: 1 Renal colic is acute, severe flank pain on the affected side. It
develops when a stone obstructs the ureter and causes ureteral spasm.
A male patient has a history of calcium calculi. Which medication should the nurse expect to be
prescribed for this patient?
1. furosemide (Lasix)
2. penicillin (Pentids)
3. allopurinol (Alloprim)
4. NSAIDs - Answer Answer: 1 A thiazide diuretic, which is frequently prescribed for calcium
calculi, acts to reduce urinary calcium excretion and is very effective in preventing further
stones. Furosemide (Lasix) is a thiazide diuretic.
A male patient is admitted for removal of a bladder papilloma. What should the nurse assess in
this patient?
1. history of cigarette smoking
2. daily fluid intake
3. pedal pulses
4. appetite level - Answer Answer: 1 Carcinogenic breakdown products of certain chemicals
and from cigarette smoke are excreted in the urine and stored in the bladder, which possibly
causes a local influence on abnormal cell development. Cigarette smoking is the primary risk
factor for bladder cancer. The risk in smokers is twice that of nonsmokers.
,A patient is discharged after transurethral resection of a superficial bladder tumor. What should
the nurse include in this patient's discharge instructions? Select all that apply.
1. Avoid constipation and continue to use stool softener.
2. Increase fluid intake.
3. Maintain bed rest.
4. Call the physician if painless hematuria develops.
5. Make a follow-up appointment in 1 year. - Answer Answer: 1, 2, 4
Rationale 1: The patient should be instructed to avoid straining with stool and take a stool
softener.
Rationale 2: The patient should be instructed to increase fluids to 2,500-3,000 mL/day.
Rationale 4: The patient should be instructed to monitor for excessive bleeding.
A patient has had a renal stent removed. What should be included in the care of this patient?
1. monitoring urine output
2. encouraging ambulation
3. ensuring adequate protein intake
4. monitoring blood pressure - Answer Answer: 1 Urine output should be monitored closely
for the first 24 hours after stents removal. Edema or stricture of ureters may impede output and
lead to hydronephrosis and kidney damage.
A male patient with a urinary stoma says, "I looked at it while you were out of the room. It's not
so bad." The nurse realizes that this patient is demonstrating which behavior?
1. coping
2. denial
3. grief
4. anger - Answer Answer: 1 Adaptive mechanisms include learning as much as possible about
the surgery and its effects, practicing procedures, setting realistic goals, and rehearsing various
alternative outcomes. Accepting the stoma as part of the self is vital to adapting to the changed
body image and is indicated by a willingness to perform self-care.
A middle-aged male patient comes to the clinic complaining of "frequency" and voiding "small
amounts of urine at a time." The nurse realizes that this patient might be experiencing
symptoms of which health problem?
1. benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
2. cystitis
, 3. renal calculi
4. bladder cancer - Answer Answer: 1 Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) is a common cause
of urinary retention; difficulty initiating and maintaining urine flow is often the presenting
complaint in men with BPH.
A female patient is admitted with an overdistended bladder. Which diagnostic test can be done
to confirm the diagnosis of urine retention?
1. bladder scan
2. renal scan
3. intravenous pyelography (IVP)
4. MRI - Answer Answer: 1 Urinary retention is confirmed using a bladder scan.
While being catheterized for urinary retention, a patient becomes diaphoretic and pale. What
should the nurse do to help this patient?
1. The nurse should clamp the catheter after draining 500 mL of urine.
2. No action is needed, as this situation is transient.
3. The nurse should remove the urinary catheter.
4. The nurse should provide the patient with fluids. - Answer Answer: 1 Some patients may
experience a vasovagal response and become pale, sweaty, and hypotensive if the bladder is
rapidly drained. The nurse should be aware that it is a possible response in some patients and
be able to recognize and respond to it. Draining 500 mL increments and clamping the catheter
for 5 to 10 minutes between increments may prevent this response.
An older patient with diabetes is diagnosed with a flaccid bladder. What should be included in
the care of this patient?
1. instruction on the Credé method of bladder emptying
2. the importance of maintaining alkaline urine
3. instruction on the use of anticholinergic medications
4. reminder to restrict fluids - Answer Answer: 1 The Credé method (applying pressure to the
suprapubic region with the fingers of one or both hands), manual pressure on the abdomen,
and the Valsalva maneuver (bearing down while holding one's breath) promote bladder
emptying for the patient with a spastic or flaccid bladder.
A female patient is admitted with multiple medical problems and incontinence, regardless of
the position or situation. For which type of incontinence should the nurse plan care?
1. total
2. urge
3. stress
