c c c
EXAM 2026/2027
c c
A c30-year-old cchef ccomplains cof cpruritic chives cover cher cchest cand carms, cbut
cdenies cdifficulty cswallowing cor cbreathing. cShe creports ca cfamily chistory cof
callergic crhinitis cand casthma. cWhich cof cthe cfollowing cinterventions cis cmost
cappropriate?
A. Obtain ca ccomplete cand cthorough chistory
B. Recommend can coral cantihistamine csuch cas cdiphenhydramine c25 cmg cPO cQID
C. Give can cinjection cof cepinephrine c1:1000 cintramuscularly cstat
D. Call c911
A) Obtain ca ccomplete cand cthorough chistory
Before cprescribing cmedications, ca cthorough chistory cmust cbe cobtained cto cdetermine
cpossible ccauses cof chives. cThe cpatient cdenied cdifficulty cwith cswallowing cand cbreathing,
cso cthere cwas cno cmedical cemergency cthat cwould crequire ccalling c911.
Which cof cthe cfollowing cfindings cis cmost clikely cin cyoung cprimigravidas
cwith cpregnancy-induced chypertension?
A. Abdominal ccramping cand cconstipation
B. Edema cof cthe cface cand cthe cupper cextremities
C. Shortness cof cbreath
D. Dysuria cand cfrequency
B) Edema cof cthe cface cand cthe cupper cextremities
Common csigns cand csymptoms cof cpregnancy-induced chypertension cinclude cedema cof
cthe cface cand cthe cupper cextremities, cweight cgain, cblurred cvision, celevated cblood
cpressure, cproteinuria, cand cheadaches
Which cof cthe cfollowing csymptoms cis cassociated cwith cB12 cdeficiency canemia?
A. Spoon-shaped cnails cand cpica
B. Abnormal cneurological cexam
C. Vegan cdiet
D. Tingling cand cnumbness cof cboth cfeet
D) cTingling cand cnumbness cof cboth cfeet
Vitamin cB12 cdeficiency canemia ccan ccause cnerve ccell cdamage cif cnot ctreated.
cSymptoms cof cB12 cdeficiency canemia cmay cinclude ctingling cor cnumbness cin cfingers cand
ctoes, cdifficulty cwalking, cmood cchanges cor cdepression, cmemory closs, cdisorientation,
cand cdementia.
A csecond ctriple cscreen con ca c35-year-old cprimigravida creveals cabnormally clow
clevels cof calpha cfetoprotein cand cestriol cand chigh clevels cof chuman cchorionic
cgonadotropin. cWhich cof cthe cfollowing cinterventions cis cthe cbest cchoice cfor cthis
cpatient?
A. Order can cultrasound
B. Order ca ccomputed ctomography c(CT) cscan cof cthe cabdomen
C. Order ca c24-hour curine cfor cprotein cclearance
D. Assess cfor ca chistory cof cillicit cdrug cor calcohol cuse
A) Order can cultrasound
Abnormally clow clevels cof calpha cfetoprotein cand cestriol cand chigh clevels cof chuman
cchorionic cgonadotropin care cabnormal cduring cpregnancy. cAn cultrasound cshould cbe
cordered cto cfurther cevaluate cthe cfetus cfor ccharacteristics cof cDown csyndrome cand/or
cfetal cdemise.
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,All cof cthe cfollowing care ctrue cstatements cabout cdiverticula cexcept:
A. Diverticula care clocated cin cthe ccolon
B. A clow-fiber cdiet cis cassociated cwith cthe ccondition
C. Most cdiverticula cin cthe ccolon care cinfected cwith cgram-negative cbacteria
D. Supplementing cwith cfiber, csuch cas cpsyllium c(Metamucil), cis crecommended
C) Most cdiverticula cin cthe ccolon care cinfected cwith cgram-negative cbacteria
cDiverticula cin cthe ccolon ccan cbe cinfected cwith cboth cgram-negative cand cgram-
positive
Patients cwho care cdiagnosed cwith cgonorrhea cshould calso cbe ctreated cfor cwhich
cof cthe cfollowing cinfections?
A. Chancroid
B. Chlamydia ctrachomatis
C. Herpes cgenitalis
D. Pelvic cinflammatory cdisease c(PID)
B) Chlamydia ctrachomatis
When cdiagnosed cwith cgonorrhea, cthe cpatient cshould calso cbe ctreated cfor cChlamydia
ctrachomatis.
Kyphosis cis ca clate csign cof:
A. Rheumatoid carthritis
B. Osteopenia
C. Osteoporosis
D. Osteoarthritis
C) Osteoporosis
Kyphosis cis ca ccurvature cof cthe cspine cthat ccauses ca crounding cof cthe cback, cwhich
cleads cto ca cslouching cposture. cSevere cthinning cof cthe cbones c(osteoporosis)
ccontributes cto cthis ccurvature cin cthe cspine. cSymptoms cthat cmay coccur cwith csevere
ccases cof ckyphosis cinclude cdifficulty cbreathing, cfatigue, cand cback cpain.
A c35-year-old cprimigravida cwho cis cat c18 cweeks cgestation cis cexpecting ctwins.
cWhat cwould cyou cwould cexpect cher calpha cfetoprotein c(AFP) cvalues cto cbe?
A. Normal
B. Higher cthan cnormal
C. Lower cthan cnormal
D. None cof cthe cabove
B) cHigher cthan cnormal
Alpha cfetoprotein c(AFP) cis cproduced cin cthe cfetal cand cmaternal cliver. cHigher clevels cof
cAFP care ccommonly cseen cin cmultiple cgestations cdue cto cthe cgrowing cliver cin ceach
cfetus, cwhich ccumulatively clead cto chigher cAFP clevels.
Which cof cthe cfollowing cantihypertensive cmedications chas cbeneficial ceffects cfor
can celderly cWhite cwoman cwith costeoporosis?
A. Calcium cchannel cblockers
B. Angiotensin-converting cenzyme c(ACE) cinhibitors
C. Beta-blockers
D. Thiazide cdiuretics
D) Thiazide cdiuretics
Thiazide cdiuretics chave ca cfavorable ceffect cin cpatients cwith costeopenia cand
costeoporosis cby cslowing cdown cthe ckidney's cexcretion cof ccalcium cand cincreasing
cdistal ctubule ccalcium creabsorption. cThis cresults cin cdecreased cbone cdemineralization.
cThiazide cdiuretics care ca
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, good cchoice cof ctherapy cfor cthis cpopulation cbecause cthey ctreat chypertension cand cslow
cbone closs.
The cLachman cmaneuver cis cused cto cdetect cwhich cof cthe cfollowing?
A. Instability cof cthe cknee
B. Nerve cdamage cof cthe cknee cdue cto cpast cknee cinjuries
C. Integrity cof cthe cpatellar ctendon
D. Tears con cthe cmeniscus cof cthe cknee
A) Instability cof cthe cknee
The cLachman cmaneuver cis ca ctest cperformed cto cassess cfor cknee cinstability c(i.e.,
cdamage cto cthe cmotion cof canterior ctranslation c[laxity] cof cthe canterior ccruciate cligament
c[ACL]). cThe cmaneuver cshould cbe ctested con cboth cknees, ccomparing cthe cinjured cand
cthe copposite cknee, cthe cuninjured cknee cis cused cas cthe c"control." cThe ctest cis cpositive cif
cthe cinjured cknee cslips cback cfurther c(laxity). cPerform cthe ctest cby cbending cthe cknee c30
cdegrees. cStabilize cthe cfemur cwith cone chand. cPlace cthe cother chand cunder cthe
cproximal ctibia cat cthe clevel cof cthe cjoint cline cand cthen cpull cforward. cThe claxity cis
cgraded con ca c0 c(normal)-to-3 cscale c(1.0-1.5 ccm cof ctranslation).
A c75-year-old cwoman chas cbeen con cnifedipine c(Procardia cXL) c10-mg ccapsule cfor
cmany cyears cto ccontrol cher cstage cII chypertension. cHer cblood cpressure cat cthis
cvisit cis c165/80 cmmHg. cShe cis ccurrently ccomplaining cof cpain cat cher cright chip
cand cin cboth cknees. cShe chas cincreased cher cdose cof cibuprofen c(Motrin) cfrom
c400 cmg cthree ctimes cdaily c(TID) cto c800 cmg cTID. cShe cis cstill cin cpain cand cwould
clike csomething cstronger.
Which cof cthe cfollowing cstatements cis cthe cbest cexplanation cof cthe ceffects cof
cibuprofen c(Motrin) con cher cdisease?
A. It cincreases cthe cchances cof cadverse ceffects cto cher chealth
B. It cinhibits cthe ceffect cof crenal cprostaglandins cand cblunts cthe ceffectiveness cof
cthe cdiuretic
C. It cprolongs cthe ctherapeutic ceffects cof chydrochlorothiazide cand cother cdiuretics
D. None cof cthe cstatements care ctrue
B) It cinhibits cthe ceffect cof crenal cprostaglandins cand cblunts cthe ceffectiveness cof cthe
cdiuretic cNonsteroidal canti-inflammatory cdrugs c(NSAIDs) cand cacetylsalicylic cacid c(ASA)
cinhibit cthe cvasodilatory ceffects cof cprostaglandins, cwhich cpredisposes cthe ckidney cto
cischemia. cNSAIDs ccan ccause cacute ckidney cinjury cby cdecreasing crenal cblood cflow.
cNonselective cNSAIDs ccan cadversely caffect cthe ckidneys, cGI ctract, cliver, ccardiovascular
csystem, cand cthe clungs c(bronchospasm).
All cof cthe cfollowing care cinfections cthat caffect cmostly cthe clabia cand cvagina
cexcept:
A. Bacterial cvaginosis
B. Candidiasis
C. Trichomoniasis
D. Chlamydia ctrachomatis
D) Chlamydia ctrachomatis
Infections cthat ccommonly caffect cthe clabia cand cvagina cinclude cbacterial cvaginosis,
ccandidiasis, cand ctrichomoniasis. cChlamydia ctrachomatis ccommonly caffects cthe ccervix,
cendometrial clining, cfallopian ctubes, cand cpelvic ccavity.
The cnurse cpractitioner cwould ctest cthe cobturator cand ciliopsoas cmuscle cto
cevaluate cfor:
A. Cholecystitis
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