NEET 2027
HIGH-WEIGHTAGE BIOLOGY
PART 2
GENETICS + ECOLOGY
100 Practice Questions with Full Explanations
Simple Language • Concept + Practice Practice
Inside This Book
✓ Clear short theory for Genetics and Ecology topics
✓ 100 carefully chosen practice questions
✓ Detailed reason why the correct option is right
✓ Detailed reason why each wrong option is wrong
✓ Written in easy Class 8–9 level English
✓ Perfect for NEET 2027 preparation and quick revision
Topics: Mendel’s Laws • DNA • Central Dogma • Genetic Code
Population • Ecosystem • Biodiversity • Environmental Issues
, CONTENTS
1. Principles of Inheritance (Mendel) — Theory + Q1 to Q20
2. Molecular Basis of Inheritance — Theory + Q21 to Q50
3. Organisms and Populations — Theory + Q51 to Q65
4. Ecosystem — Theory + Q66 to Q80
5. Biodiversity and Conservation — Theory + Q81 to Q90
6. Environmental Issues — Theory + Q91 to Q100
Quick Revision Tips — Last page
How to Use This Book
1. First read the short theory of the topic carefully.
2. Then solve the questions of that topic.
3. Read why the correct answer is right and why the other options are wrong.
4. This builds real understanding and helps you avoid common mistakes in NEET.
NEET 2027 | High-Weightage Biology | Part 2 – Genetics + Ecology Page 2
, 1. PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE (MENDEL)
Gregor Mendel is called the Father of Genetics. He experimented on garden pea (Pisum sativum) and discovered
the basic laws of inheritance. He chose pea because it has clear opposite characters, can be self- or
cross-pollinated, and has a short life cycle. Important terms: Gene (unit of heredity), Allele (different forms of a
gene), Dominant (shows even if one copy present), Recessive (shows only if both copies present), Homozygous
(same alleles), Heterozygous (different alleles), Genotype (genetic make-up), Phenotype (visible character).
Monohybrid cross F2 phenotypic ratio = 3:1. Dihybrid cross F2 phenotypic ratio = 9:3:3:1. Mendel’s three laws: Law
of Dominance, Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment.
Q1. Who is known as the Father of Genetics?
A. Darwin
B. Mendel
C. Watson
D. Crick
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: Gregor Mendel discovered the basic principles of inheritance through his experiments on pea plants and
is therefore called the Father of Genetics.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A proposed the theory of natural selection.
• C and D discovered the double-helix structure of DNA.
Q2. Mendel performed his experiments on:
A. Drosophila
B. Garden pea
C. Snapdragon
D. Mirabilis
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: Mendel chose the garden pea (Pisum sativum) because it has many clear contrasting characters and is
easy to cultivate and cross.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A was used by Morgan for linkage studies.
• C and D show incomplete dominance.
Q3. In a monohybrid cross the phenotypic ratio in F2 generation is:
A. 1:2:1
B. 3:1
C. 9:3:3:1
D. 1:1
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: When two heterozygotes (Tt × Tt) are crossed, the F2 phenotypes appear in the ratio 3 dominant : 1
recessive.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A is the genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross.
• C is the phenotypic ratio of dihybrid cross.
• D is seen in a test cross.
Q4. The genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross in F2 is:
A. 3:1
B. 1:2:1
C. 9:3:3:1
D. 1:1:1:1
✓ Correct Answer: B
NEET 2027 | High-Weightage Biology | Part 2 – Genetics + Ecology Page 3
HIGH-WEIGHTAGE BIOLOGY
PART 2
GENETICS + ECOLOGY
100 Practice Questions with Full Explanations
Simple Language • Concept + Practice Practice
Inside This Book
✓ Clear short theory for Genetics and Ecology topics
✓ 100 carefully chosen practice questions
✓ Detailed reason why the correct option is right
✓ Detailed reason why each wrong option is wrong
✓ Written in easy Class 8–9 level English
✓ Perfect for NEET 2027 preparation and quick revision
Topics: Mendel’s Laws • DNA • Central Dogma • Genetic Code
Population • Ecosystem • Biodiversity • Environmental Issues
, CONTENTS
1. Principles of Inheritance (Mendel) — Theory + Q1 to Q20
2. Molecular Basis of Inheritance — Theory + Q21 to Q50
3. Organisms and Populations — Theory + Q51 to Q65
4. Ecosystem — Theory + Q66 to Q80
5. Biodiversity and Conservation — Theory + Q81 to Q90
6. Environmental Issues — Theory + Q91 to Q100
Quick Revision Tips — Last page
How to Use This Book
1. First read the short theory of the topic carefully.
2. Then solve the questions of that topic.
3. Read why the correct answer is right and why the other options are wrong.
4. This builds real understanding and helps you avoid common mistakes in NEET.
NEET 2027 | High-Weightage Biology | Part 2 – Genetics + Ecology Page 2
, 1. PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE (MENDEL)
Gregor Mendel is called the Father of Genetics. He experimented on garden pea (Pisum sativum) and discovered
the basic laws of inheritance. He chose pea because it has clear opposite characters, can be self- or
cross-pollinated, and has a short life cycle. Important terms: Gene (unit of heredity), Allele (different forms of a
gene), Dominant (shows even if one copy present), Recessive (shows only if both copies present), Homozygous
(same alleles), Heterozygous (different alleles), Genotype (genetic make-up), Phenotype (visible character).
Monohybrid cross F2 phenotypic ratio = 3:1. Dihybrid cross F2 phenotypic ratio = 9:3:3:1. Mendel’s three laws: Law
of Dominance, Law of Segregation, Law of Independent Assortment.
Q1. Who is known as the Father of Genetics?
A. Darwin
B. Mendel
C. Watson
D. Crick
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: Gregor Mendel discovered the basic principles of inheritance through his experiments on pea plants and
is therefore called the Father of Genetics.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A proposed the theory of natural selection.
• C and D discovered the double-helix structure of DNA.
Q2. Mendel performed his experiments on:
A. Drosophila
B. Garden pea
C. Snapdragon
D. Mirabilis
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: Mendel chose the garden pea (Pisum sativum) because it has many clear contrasting characters and is
easy to cultivate and cross.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A was used by Morgan for linkage studies.
• C and D show incomplete dominance.
Q3. In a monohybrid cross the phenotypic ratio in F2 generation is:
A. 1:2:1
B. 3:1
C. 9:3:3:1
D. 1:1
✓ Correct Answer: B
Why this is correct: When two heterozygotes (Tt × Tt) are crossed, the F2 phenotypes appear in the ratio 3 dominant : 1
recessive.
✗ Why the other options are wrong:
• A is the genotypic ratio of monohybrid cross.
• C is the phenotypic ratio of dihybrid cross.
• D is seen in a test cross.
Q4. The genotypic ratio of a monohybrid cross in F2 is:
A. 3:1
B. 1:2:1
C. 9:3:3:1
D. 1:1:1:1
✓ Correct Answer: B
NEET 2027 | High-Weightage Biology | Part 2 – Genetics + Ecology Page 3
